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Spring Boot访问关系型数据库三剑客JDBC、JPA、Mybatis_采用 spring data、mybatis 等数据持久化框架实现与数据库的交互

作者：很楠不爱3 | 2024-04-30 12:36:54

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采用 spring data、mybatis 等数据持久化框架实现与数据库的交互

背景

从业十多年Spring JDBC、JPA、Mybatis三种持久层框架都使用过，各有千秋，当下的项目使用Mybatis最多。之前的项目还都是使用xml配置文件的框架，最近两年才用Spring Boot多起来，因为老程序员不干屈居人后的进取心，且不想搞那繁琐而无边际的业务需求，所以利用业余时间扑下心来好好看看官文。随着年龄的增长，精力、记性却不断递减，怕时间长了不知其初心，所以记录之。
在官方文档向导中存在关于JDBC和JPA的资料，我想从实际项目的角度出发去学习并记录，所以我以mysql数据库作为存储，从配置数据源、JDBC访问数据、JPA访问数据、Mybatis访问数据几方面去学习。

配置数据源

引入mysql

新建一个Spring Boot工程，引入mysql驱动。

    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
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yml文件配置项

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=mysql3306@118
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
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Spring Data JDBC

新建一个web工程，添加jdbc、web等相关依赖包。

添加依赖

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
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jar包依赖如下：
在这里插入图片描述

新建Entity

public class JdbcUser {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String email;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "JpaUser{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}
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控制器演示代码

@RestController
public class JdbcController {

    protected final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JdbcController.class);

    @Autowired
    public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/jdbc/users")
    public List<JdbcUser> users() {
        return jdbcTemplate.query("select id,name,email from jdbc_user", new RowMapper<JdbcUser>() {
            @Override
            public JdbcUser mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
                JdbcUser jdbcUser = new JdbcUser();
                jdbcUser.setId(rs.getInt(1));
                jdbcUser.setName(rs.getString(2));
                jdbcUser.setEmail(rs.getString(3));

                return jdbcUser;
            }
        });
    }
}
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浏览器访问结果

http://127.0.0.1:8080/jdbc/users

[{"id":4,"name":"李田","email":"litian@126.com"},{"id":5,"name":"王华","email":"wanghua@126.com"}]
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Spring Data JPA

添加依赖

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
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新建Entity

@Entity
public class JpaUser {

    @Id
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String email;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "JpaUser{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}
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新建Repository接口

public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<JpaUser, Integer>  {
}
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控制器演示代码

@RestController
public class TestController {

    protected final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestController.class);

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @GetMapping("/jpa/users")
    public List<JpaUser> users() {
        return userRepository.findAll();
    }

}
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浏览器访问结果

[{"id":4,"name":"赵五","email":"zhaowu@126.com"}]
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Mybatis

添加依赖

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
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新建Entity

public class Teacher {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Teacher{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}
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新建Mapper接口

@Repository
public interface TeacherMapper {

    public int insertTeacher(Teacher teacher);

    public List<Teacher> selectList();
}
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控制器演示代码

@RestController
public class MybatisController {

    protected final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MybatisController.class);

    @Autowired
    public TeacherMapper teacherMapper;


    @GetMapping("mybatis/teachers")
    public List<Teacher> teachers() {
        Teacher teacher = new Teacher();
        teacher.setName("李继");
        teacher.setAge(35);
        teacherMapper.insertTeacher(teacher);

        return teacherMapper.selectList();
    }
}
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yml配置项

除了数据源的配置外，添加mybatis的配置，如下：

mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:config/*Mapper.xml
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.example.entity
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Application启动

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.example.dao", annotationClass = Repository.class)
public class MysqlMybatisDemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(MysqlMybatisDemoApplication.class, args);
    }

}
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浏览器访问结果

http://127.0.0.1:8080/mybatis/teachers

[{"id":1,"name":"李继","age":35},{"id":2,"name":"李继","age":35},{"id":3,"name":"李继","age":35}]
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总结

通过学习，三种框架基本情况如下：
在这里插入图片描述

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Spring Boot访问关系型数据库三剑客JDBC、JPA、Mybatis_采用 spring data、mybatis 等数据持久化框 架实现与数据库的交互

文章目录

背景

配置数据源

引入mysql

yml文件配置项

Spring Data JDBC

添加依赖

新建Entity

控制器演示代码

浏览器访问结果

Spring Data JPA

添加依赖

新建Entity

新建Repository接口

控制器演示代码

浏览器访问结果

Mybatis

添加依赖

新建Entity

新建Mapper接口

控制器演示代码

yml配置项

Application启动

浏览器访问结果

总结

Spring Boot访问关系型数据库三剑客JDBC、JPA、Mybatis_采用 spring data、mybatis 等数据持久化框架实现与数据库的交互