Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 安装zabbix监控部署_ubuntu20.04安装zabbix

一、准备环境直接开搞

（1）准备一台虚拟机或者云服务器，本文环境云服务器

操作系统：Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

zabbix官网：下载Zabbixhttps://www.zabbix.com/cn/download

（2）找到官网zabbix安装手册，选择对应的zabbix版本，我这里选择zabbix 6.0

二、话不多说直接进行zabbix server安装操作

（1）下载zabbix安装包

 wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/6.0/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_6.0-4+ubuntu20.04_all.deb

root@10-7-81-96:~# wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/6.0/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_6.0-4+ubuntu18.04_all.deb
--2024-07-02 11:27:34--  https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/6.0/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_6.0-4+ubuntu18.04_all.deb
Resolving repo.zabbix.com (repo.zabbix.com)... 178.128.6.101, 2604:a880:2:d0::2062:d001
Connecting to repo.zabbix.com (repo.zabbix.com)|178.128.6.101|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 3672 (3.6K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘zabbix-release_6.0-4+ubuntu20.04_all.deb’
 
zabbix-release_6.0-4+ubuntu18.04_all.de 100%[==============================================================================>]   3.59K  --.-KB/s    in 0s
 
2024-07-02 11:27:35 (702 MB/s) - ‘zabbix-release_6.0-4+ubuntu20.04_all.deb’ saved [3672/3672]
 
root@10-7-81-96:~#

(2) 进行zabbix安装，如果使用root用户则不会报错，使用Ubuntu用户直接安装会报错(如下图一)，权限不足，使用sudo命令提权

sudo dpkg -i zabbix-release_6.0-4+ubuntu20.04_all.deb

ubuntu@10-7-81-96:~$ dpkg -i zabbix-release_6.0-4+ubuntu18.04_all.deb
dpkg: error: requested operation requires superuser privilege
ubuntu@10-7-81-96:~$
ubuntu@10-7-81-96:~$ sudo dpkg -i zabbix-release_6.0-4+ubuntu18.04_all.deb
Selecting previously unselected package zabbix-release.
(Reading database ... 95416 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack zabbix-release_6.0-4+ubuntu18.04_all.deb ...
Unpacking zabbix-release (1:6.0-4+ubuntu18.04) ...
Setting up zabbix-release (1:6.0-4+ubuntu18.04) ...
ubuntu@10-7-81-96:~$ ls

root@10-7-81-96:~# dpkg -i zabbix-release_6.0-4+ubuntu18.04_all.deb
Selecting previously unselected package zabbix-release.
(Reading database ... 95416 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack zabbix-release_6.0-4+ubuntu18.04_all.deb ...
Unpacking zabbix-release (1:6.0-4+ubuntu18.04) ...
Setting up zabbix-release (1:6.0-4+ubuntu18.04) ...
root@10-7-81-96:~# 

（3）更新Ubuntu源，更新之后最好reboot重新一下系统，使系统安装包已经内核生效

apt update 

root@10-7-81-96:~$ apt update
Hit:1 http://mirrors.ucloud.cn/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Get:2 http://mirrors.ucloud.cn/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [102 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.ucloud.cn/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [102 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.ucloud.cn/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease [102 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.ucloud.cn/ubuntu bionic-proposed InRelease [251 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.ucloud.cn/ubuntu bionic-security/main Sources [301 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.ucloud.cn/ubuntu bionic-security/multiverse Sources [12.2 kB]
Get:8 http://mirrors.ucloud.cn/ubuntu bionic-security/restricted Sources [32.4 kB]
Get:9 http://mirrors.ucloud.cn/ubuntu bionic-security/universe Sources [337 kB]
Get:10 http://mirrors.ucloud.cn/ubuntu bionic-security/main i386 Packages [1,379 kB]
Get:11 http://mirrors.ucloud.cn/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages [2,717 kB]
Get:12 http://mirrors.ucloud.cn/ubuntu bionic-security/main Translation-en [467 kB]
Get:13 http://mirrors.ucloud.cn/ubuntu bionic-security/restricted i386 Packages [33.0 kB]
Get:14 http://mirrors.ucloud.cn/ubuntu bionic-security/restricted amd64 Packages [1,317 kB]
......中间省略......
Get:63 https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/6.0/ubuntu bionic/main all Packages [18.2 kB]
Get:64 https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/6.0/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages [85.5 kB]
Fetched 22.9 MB in 5s (4,805 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
277 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
root@10-7-81-96:~$

（4）安装Zabbix server，Web前端，agent

apt install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php zabbix-nginx-conf zabbix-sql-scripts zabbix-agent

root@10-7-81-96:~$  apt install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php zabbix-nginx-conf zabbix-sql-scripts zabbix-agent
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  fontconfig-config fonts-dejavu fonts-dejavu-core fonts-dejavu-extra fping libaio1 libfontconfig1 libgd3 libjbig0 libjpeg-turbo8 libjpeg8 libmysqlclient20
  libnginx-mod-http-geoip libnginx-mod-http-image-filter libnginx-mod-http-xslt-filter libnginx-mod-mail libnginx-mod-stream libodbc1 libopenipmi0
  libpcre2-8-0 libsensors4 libsnmp-base libsnmp30 libsodium23 libssh-4 libtiff5 libwebp6 libx11-6 libx11-data libxau6 libxcb1 libxdmcp6 libxpm4 libxslt1.1
  mysql-client mysql-client-5.7 mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-common nginx nginx-common nginx-core php-bcmath php-common php-fpm php-gd php-ldap php-mbstring
  php-mysql php-xml php7.2-bcmath php7.2-cli php7.2-common php7.2-fpm php7.2-gd php7.2-json php7.2-ldap php7.2-mbstring php7.2-mysql php7.2-opcache
  php7.2-readline php7.2-xml snmpd
Suggested packages:
  libgd-tools libmyodbc odbc-postgresql tdsodbc unixodbc-bin lm-sensors snmp-mibs-downloader fcgiwrap nginx-doc ssl-cert php-pear snmptrapd
  zabbix-apache-conf virtual-mysql-server
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  fontconfig-config fonts-dejavu fonts-dejavu-core fonts-dejavu-extra fping libaio1 libfontconfig1 libgd3 libjbig0 libjpeg-turbo8 libjpeg8 libmysqlclient20
  libnginx-mod-http-geoip libnginx-mod-http-image-filter libnginx-mod-http-xslt-filter libnginx-mod-mail libnginx-mod-stream libodbc1 libopenipmi0
  libpcre2-8-0 libsensors4 libsnmp-base libsnmp30 libsodium23 libssh-4 libtiff5 libwebp6 libx11-6 libx11-data libxau6 libxcb1 libxdmcp6 libxpm4 libxslt1.1
  mysql-client mysql-client-5.7 mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-common nginx nginx-common nginx-core php-bcmath php-common php-fpm php-gd php-ldap php-mbstring
  php-mysql php-xml php7.2-bcmath php7.2-cli php7.2-common php7.2-fpm php7.2-gd php7.2-json php7.2-ldap php7.2-mbstring php7.2-mysql php7.2-opcache
  php7.2-readline php7.2-xml snmpd zabbix-agent zabbix-frontend-php zabbix-nginx-conf zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-sql-scripts
0 upgraded, 67 newly installed, 0 to remove and 277 not upgraded.
Need to get 38.7 MB of archives.
After this operation, 166 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y        #这里选择yes 进行下载安装
 

（5）创建初始数据库，如果进入数据库失败报错如下，重新安装mysql

apt install mysql-server

root@10-7-81-96:~# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)
root@10-7-81-96:~# 
检查MySQL是否启动，看到MySQL并没有启动，连命令都没有找到
root@10-7-81-96:~# systemctl status mysql
Unit mysql.service could not be found.
root@10-7-81-96:~# systemctl status mysql.service
Unit mysqld.service could not be found.
重装一下mysql-server
root@10-7-81-96# apt install mysql-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libencode-locale-perl libevent-core-2.1-7 libevent-pthreads-2.1-7 libfcgi-perl
  libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-template-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libio-html-perl
  liblwp-mediatypes-perl libmecab2 libtimedate-perl liburi-perl mecab-ipadic mecab-ipadic-utf8 mecab-utils
  mysql-server-8.0 mysql-server-core-8.0
Suggested packages:
  libdata-dump-perl libipc-sharedcache-perl libwww-perl mailx tinyca
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libencode-locale-perl libevent-core-2.1-7 libevent-pthreads-2.1-7 libfcgi-perl
  libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-template-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libio-html-perl
  liblwp-mediatypes-perl libmecab2 libtimedate-perl liburi-perl mecab-ipadic mecab-ipadic-utf8 mecab-utils mysql-server
  mysql-server-8.0 mysql-server-core-8.0
0 upgraded, 22 newly installed, 0 to remove and 322 not upgraded.
Need to get 31.8 MB of archives.
After this operation, 244 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
......
安装完成后，检查MySQL是否启动
root@10-7-81-96:~# systemctl status mysql
● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Wed 2024-07-03 14:32:41 HKT; 22s ago
   Main PID: 12386 (mysqld)
     Status: "Server is operational"
      Tasks: 38 (limit: 4389)
     Memory: 365.5M
     CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
             └─12386 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Jul 03 14:32:40 10-7-81-96 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server...
Jul 03 14:32:41 10-7-81-96 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.

（6）正常启动MySQL，再次创建数据库

mysql -uroot -p
password
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin;
mysql> create user zabbix@localhost identified by 'password';
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost;
mysql> set global log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1;
mysql> quit;

root@10-7-81-96:~# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:password    #默认是password
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.37-0ubuntu0.20.04.3 (Ubuntu)
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> create user zabbix@localhost identified by 'password';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql>  set global log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> quit;
Bye

（7）导入初始架构和数据，输入新创建的密码。

zcat /usr/share/zabbix-sql-scripts/mysql/server.sql.gz | mysql --default-character-set=utf8mb4 -uzabbix -p zabbix

root@10-7-81-96:~# zcat /usr/share/zabbix-sql-scripts/mysql/server.sql.gz | mysql --default-character-set=utf8mb4 -uzabbix -p zabbix
Enter password:
root@10-7-81-96:~#

（8）导入数据库架构后禁用log_bin_trust_function_creators选项。

root@10-7-81-96:~# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.37-0ubuntu0.20.04.3 (Ubuntu)
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql> set global log_bin_trust_function_creators = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> quit;
Bye

（9）配置Zabbix server数据库密码，找到DBpassword这行，取消注释填写密码

vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

### Option: DBPassword
#       Database password.
#       Comment this line if no password is used.
#
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# DBPassword=
DBPassword=password
 

（10）配置Zabbix前端PHP，编辑配置文件，将这两行注释取消即可

vim /etc/zabbix/nginx.conf

server {
        listen          8080;
        server_name     example.com;
 

（11）重启启动zabbix server和agent进程，并设置开机自启动

systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent nginx php7.4-fpm
systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent nginx php7.4-fpm

root@10-7-81-96:~# systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent nginx php7.4-fpm
root@10-7-81-96:~# systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent nginx php7.4-fpm
Synchronizing state of zabbix-server.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable zabbix-server
Synchronizing state of zabbix-agent.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable zabbix-agent
Synchronizing state of nginx.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable nginx
Synchronizing state of php7.4-fpm.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable php7.4-fpm
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-server.service → /lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service.
root@10-7-81-96:~#

注意：云服务器需要在防火墙开启对应的端口，例如3306，8080端口！！不然直接外网IP访问会失败！！

三、zabbix前端网页访问

（1）网页访问进行zabbix：http://ip:8080/即可，如下图,一直点击下一步即可

（2）都是正常的即可下一步

（3）需要输入zabbix数据库密码（步骤11配置的），数据库端口根据需求定义即可

（4）设置主机名，根据自己情况定义即可

（5）检查一下用户，密码都没有问题之后即可

（6）出现下面界面，说明zabbix前端已经配置

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