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kafka-消费者-消费异常处理（SpringBoot整合Kafka）_kafka 异常处理,怎么实现

作者：盐析白兔 | 2024-06-12 16:22:01

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kafka 异常处理,怎么实现

文章目录

1、消费异常处理

1.1、application.yml配置

server:
  port: 8120

# v1
spring:
  Kafka:
    bootstrap-servers: 192.168.74.148:9095,192.168.74.148:9096,192.168.74.148:9097
    consumer:
      # read-committed读事务已提交的消息 解决脏读问题
      isolation-level: read-committed # 消费者的事务隔离级别：read-uncommitted会导致脏读，可以读取生产者事务还未提交的消息
      # 消费者是否自动ack ：true自动ack 消费者获取到消息后kafka提交消费者偏移量
      # 调用ack方法时才会提交ack给kafka
#      enable-auto-commit: false
      # 消费者提交ack时多长时间批量提交一次
      auto-commit-interval: 1000
      # 消费者第一次消费主题消息时从哪个位置开始
      # earliest:从最早的消息开始消费
      # latest:第一次从LEO位置开始消费
      # none:如果主题分区没有偏移量，则抛出异常
      auto-offset-reset: earliest  #指定Offset消费:earliest | latest | none
      key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
    listener:
      # 手动ack：manual手动ack时 如果有异常会尝试一直消费
#      ack-mode: manual
      # 手动ack：消费有异常时停止
      ack-mode: manual_immediate


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在这里插入图片描述

1.2、注册异常处理器

package com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.config;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.admin.NewTopic;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.Consumer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.kafka.config.TopicBuilder;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.ConsumerAwareListenerErrorHandler;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.ListenerExecutionFailedException;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
@Configuration
public class MyKafkaConfig {
    @Bean
    public NewTopic springTestPartitionTopic() {
        return TopicBuilder.name("my_topic1") //主题名称
                .partitions(3) //分区数量
                .replicas(3) //副本数量
                .build();
    }

    //方法名就是注入到容器中对象的名称
    @Bean
    public ConsumerAwareListenerErrorHandler myErrorHandler() {
        //创建异常处理器：消费者异常时 且注册使用当前异常处理器 会生效
        return new ConsumerAwareListenerErrorHandler() {

            @Override
            public Object handleError(Message<?> message, ListenerExecutionFailedException e, Consumer<?, ?> consumer) {
                System.out.println("出现异常，消息内容：value = " + message.getPayload());
                System.out.println("header = "+message.getHeaders());
                System.out.println("异常信息：" + e.getMessage());
                System.out.println("=================");
                return null;
            }
        };
    }
}


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1.3、消费者使用异常处理器

package com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.TopicPartition;
import org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class MyKafkaListenerAck {
    /**
     * 自动ack可能会导致漏消息
     *      spring-kafka：
     *                     自动ack 如果有异常，会死循环获取消息重新消费
     *                        不能继续向后消费消息，会导致消息积压
     *
     *                    手动ack 配置了手动ack，且ack-mode为manual_immediate时，
     *                        如果消息消费失败，会继续向后消费
     * @param record
     */
    @KafkaListener(
            topicPartitions = {
                    @TopicPartition(topic = "my_topic1",partitions = {"0"})}
            , groupId = "my_group1",errorHandler = "myErrorHandler")
    public void onMessage1(ConsumerRecord<String, String> record, Acknowledgment acknowledgment) {
        System.out.println("my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = "+ record.topic()
                +"，partition:"+record.partition()
                +"，offset = "+record.offset()
                +"，key = "+record.key()
                +"，value = "+record.value());
        int i = 1/0;
        // 手动ack：手动确认消息已经消费 broker 会提交消费者偏移量
        acknowledgment.acknowledge();
    }
}


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在这里插入图片描述

1.4、创建生产者发送消息

package com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer;

import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;

@SpringBootTest
class SpringKafkaConsumerApplicationTests {
    @Resource
    KafkaTemplate kafkaTemplate;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            kafkaTemplate.send("my_topic1",i%3,"", "指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费"+i);
        }
    }

}


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1.5、创建SpringBoot启动类

package com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;


// Generated by https://start.springboot.io
// 优质的 spring/boot/data/security/cloud 框架中文文档尽在 => https://springdoc.cn
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringKafkaConsumerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringKafkaConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }

}


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1.6、屏蔽 kafka debug 日志 logback.xml

<configuration>　　　　　　
    <!-- 如果觉得idea控制台日志太多，src\main\resources目录下新建logback.xml
屏蔽kafka debug -->
    <logger name="org.apache.kafka.clients" level="debug" />
</configuration>


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1.7、引入spring-kafka依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.5</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <!-- Generated by https://start.springboot.io -->
    <!-- 优质的 spring/boot/data/security/cloud 框架中文文档尽在 => https://springdoc.cn -->
    <groupId>com.atguigu</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-kafka-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>spring-kafka-consumer</name>
    <description>spring-kafka-consumer</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>


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1.8、消费者控制台：

1.8.1、第一次启动SpringKafkaConsumerApplication

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::                (v3.0.5)

my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 0，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费0
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 0, CreateTime = 1717672170845, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费0)
header = {id=91c96206-2381-5fa1-b391-52627056762f, timestamp=1717672488753}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================
my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 1，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费3
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 1, CreateTime = 1717672170855, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费3)
header = {id=8755d954-615c-37ff-67f0-85521e090b03, timestamp=1717672488753}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================
my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 2，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费6
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 2, CreateTime = 1717672170855, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费6)
header = {id=68082673-07d2-6f69-3935-c7034a7caf81, timestamp=1717672488753}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================
my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 3，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费9
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 3, CreateTime = 1717672170855, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费9)
header = {id=bcbda053-9536-df91-d937-2688b5d4c6ea, timestamp=1717672488754}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================

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1.8.n、第n次启动SpringKafkaConsumerApplication

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::                (v3.0.5)

my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 0，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费0
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 0, CreateTime = 1717672170845, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费0)
header = {id=6bc9edb9-ad1c-e00e-9b27-c0c540248091, timestamp=1717672854508}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================
my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 1，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费3
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 1, CreateTime = 1717672170855, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费3)
header = {id=14e6951b-b25f-10ca-702c-a1699d25645b, timestamp=1717672854508}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================
my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 2，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费6
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 2, CreateTime = 1717672170855, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费6)
header = {id=26e85ef8-2502-fd29-8d5b-091ec0362900, timestamp=1717672854509}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================
my_group1消费者获取分区0的消息：topic = my_topic1，partition:0，offset = 3，key = ，value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费9
出现异常，消息内容：value = ConsumerRecord(topic = my_topic1, partition = 0, leaderEpoch = 0, offset = 3, CreateTime = 1717672170855, serialized key size = 0, serialized value size = 39, headers = RecordHeaders(headers = [], isReadOnly = false), key = , value = 指定ack-mode: manual_immediate消费9)
header = {id=25c6b6c8-d02d-2091-7c6f-ebaea6c52d1d, timestamp=1717672854509}
异常信息：Listener method 'public void com.atguigu.spring.kafka.consumer.listener.MyKafkaListenerAck.onMessage1(org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>,org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment)' threw exception
=================

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此时如果不关闭SpringKafkaConsumerApplication，生产者继续发送消息，消费者只会往后消费，不会从头再次消费

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

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