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先看下面,这里有一段JSON数据,我们根据这段数进行讲解:
{ "paramz": { "feeds": [ { "id": 299076, "oid": 288340, "category": "article", "data": { "subject": "荔枝新闻3.0:不止是阅读", "summary": "江苏广电旗下资讯类手机应用“荔枝新闻”于近期推出全新升级换代的3.0版。", "cover": "/Attachs/Article/288340/3e8e2c397c70469f8845fad73aa38165_padmini.JPG", "pic": "", "format": "txt", "changed": "2015-09-22 16:01:41" } } ], "PageIndex": 1, "PageSize": 20, "TotalCount": 53521, "TotalPage": 2677 } }
其实JSON数据就是一段字符串而已,只不过有不同意义的分隔符将其分割开来而已,我们看上面的符号,里面有[] ,{}等符号,其中
[]
: 中括号代表的是一个数组;-{}
: 大括号代表的是一个对象""
: 表示的是属性值:
: 代表的是前后之间的关系,冒号前面是属性的名称,后面是属性的值,这个值可以是基本数据类型,也可以是引用数据类型。JSONObject系统自带的解析方式解析,我们先来JSONObject(系统自带的类)类中的方法:
上面用红框框出来的是我们手动解析最常用的方法了,好了,现在我们想要解析上面的一段数据,该怎么做呢?这里我写了一个解析类如下
public class JsonUtils { /** * 根据json数据解析返回一个List<HashMap<String, Object>>集合 * @param json json数据 * @return */ public static List<HashMap<String, Object>> getJsonList(String json) { List<HashMap<String, Object>> dataList; dataList = new ArrayList<>(); try { JSONObject rootObject = new JSONObject(json); JSONObject paramzObject = rootObject.getJSONObject("paramz"); JSONArray feedsArray = paramzObject.getJSONArray("feeds"); for (int i = 0; i < feedsArray.length(); i++) { JSONObject sonObject = feedsArray.getJSONObject(i); JSONObject dataObject = sonObject.getJSONObject("data"); String subjectStr = dataObject.getString("subject"); String summaryStr = dataObject.getString("summary"); String coverStr = dataObject.getString("cover"); HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("subject", subjectStr); map.put("summary", summaryStr); map.put("cover", coverStr); dataList.add(map); } return dataList; } catch (JSONException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } }
相信很简单一看就懂了吧,此方法写起来主要是比较费时间罢了,无非就是几个方法不停的调用而已,所以显得特别的费时费力,下面我又写了一个解析的方法,方法中会有一些冗余的代码,是为了更加深刻理解JSON解析而写的,实际中可以删掉,也用了一行GSON解析,GSON解析下面会见讲到:
其中DataModel对象我是将data对象使用GsonFormat插件工具生成的,使用方式可以自行搜索
public class DataModel { /** * subject : "荔枝新闻3.0:不止是阅读" * summary : "江苏广电旗下资讯类手机应用“荔枝新闻”于近期推出全新升级换代的3.0版。" * cover : "/Attachs/Article/288340/3e8e2c397c70469f8845fad73aa38165_padmini.JPG" * pic : * format : video * changed : 2015-11-07 14:35:22 */ public String subject; public String summary; public String cover; public String pic; public String format; public String changed; @Override public String toString() { return "DataModel{" + "subject='" + subject + '\'' + ", summary='" + summary + '\'' + ", cover='" + cover + '\'' + ", pic='" + pic + '\'' + ", format='" + format + '\'' + ", changed='" + changed + '\'' + '}'; } }
/** * 根据json对象获取List<DataModel>集合 * @param json 数据 * @return */ public static List<DataModel> getGsonList(String json) { List<DataModel> dataList; try { JSONObject rootObject = new JSONObject(json); JSONObject paramzObject = rootObject.getJSONObject("paramz"); /** * JSONArray的构造方法获取JSONArray对象 */ JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(paramzObject.getString("feeds")); Log.i(TAG, "jsonarray.length():"+jsonArray.length()); /** * 获取JSONObject对象的属性关键字 */ Iterator<String> iterators = paramzObject.keys(); while (iterators.hasNext()) { Log.i(TAG, "iterators: " + iterators.next()); } JSONArray feeds = paramzObject.getJSONArray("feeds"); dataList = new ArrayList<>(); for (int i = 0; i < feeds.length(); i++) { JSONObject jsonObject = feeds.getJSONObject(i); DataModel model = new Gson().fromJson(jsonObject.getString("data"), new TypeToken<DataModel>() { }.getType()); Log.i(TAG, "DataModel: " + model.toString()); dataList.add(model); } return dataList; } catch (JSONException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return null; }
1、对于JSONObject对象来说,想要得到一个JSONObject对象通常可以通过
JSONObject(String json)-> JSONObject rootObject = new JSONObject(json);
JSONObject getJSONObject(String name){}-> JSONObject paramzObject = rootObject.getJSONObject(“paramz”);
2、对于JSONArray对象来说,想要得到一个JSONArray对象通常可以通过
JSONArray(String json)->JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(paramzObject.getString(“feeds”));
JSONObject getJSONObject(String name){}-> JSONArray feeds = paramzObject.getJSONArray(“feeds”);
我们如果懂得了上面的手动解析方式的话,那么对于Gson解析而言,就太简单了,下面我们就开始解析下面一段JSON数据:
{ "homeadlist": [ { "id": 1, "imgurl": "/img/homead/a73b3f1d-0f14-429d-9d0f-70643fb0f0eb.jpg", "jumpflag": 0, "jumpurl": "", "posflag": 1, "remark": "1111", "cityid": 1 }, { "id": 12, "imgurl": "/img/homead/eb442fbf-49db-4ba6-a102-d781505f426d.jpg", "jumpflag": 0, "jumpurl": "", "posflag": 2, "remark": "", "cityid": 1 }, { "id": 14, "imgurl": "/img/homead/68109460-635d-4c5c-8be8-64d7c7889d18.jpg", "jumpflag": 0, "jumpurl": "http://shiranlife.kuaizhan.com/", "posflag": 4, "remark": "", "cityid": 1 } ] }
首先我们使用GsonFormat工具生成一个类HomeadListModel:
public class HomeadListModel { /** * code : 1 * data : {"homeadlist":[{"id":1,"imgurl":"/img/homead/a73b3f1d-0f14-429d-9d0f-70643fb0f0eb.jpg","jumpflag":0,"jumpurl":"","posflag":1,"remark":"1111","cityid":1},{"id":12,"imgurl":"/img/homead/eb442fbf-49db-4ba6-a102-d781505f426d.jpg","jumpflag":0,"jumpurl":"","posflag":2,"remark":"","cityid":1},{"id":14,"imgurl":"/img/homead/68109460-635d-4c5c-8be8-64d7c7889d18.jpg","jumpflag":0,"jumpurl":"http://shiranlife.kuaizhan.com/","posflag":4,"remark":"","cityid":1}]} */ public int code; public DataBean data; public static class DataBean { public List<HomeadlistBean> homeadlist; public static class HomeadlistBean { public int id; public String imgurl; public int jumpflag; public String jumpurl; public int posflag; public String remark; public int cityid; } } }
我们使用OKHttpClient,代码如下
OkHttpClient.Builder builder = new OkHttpClient.Builder(); Request request = new Request.Builder() .url(url) .get() .build(); builder.build().newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() { @Override public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) { } @Override public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException { Gson gson = new Gson(); /** * java.lang.IllegalStateException: closed * 因为OkHttp请求回调中response.body().string()只能有效调用一次 * */ String string = response.body().string(); Log.i("aaa", "response: " + string); /** * 重新构建一个response 因为response.body().string()调用一次之后流就断掉了,只能有效调用一次 */ MediaType mediaType = response.body().contentType(); Response response1 = response.newBuilder().body(ResponseBody.create(mediaType, string)).build(); String string1 = response1.body().string(); Log.i("aaa", "response1: " + string1); /** * 将json数据转换为对象 */ HomeadListModel model = gson.fromJson(string1, HomeadListModel.class); //HomeadListModel model2 = gson.fromJson(string1, new TypeToken<HomeadListModel>() { }.getType()); /** * 将对象转换为json数据 */ String jsonString = gson.toJson(model); Log.i("aaa", "onResponse2: " + jsonString); for (HomeadListModel.DataBean.HomeadlistBean data : model.data.homeadlist) { mData.add(imageUrl + data.imgurl); } runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); } }); } });
我们想要将一个json数据转换为对象的话需要使用fromJson(String json, Class classOfT) /fromJson(String json, Type typeOfT),当我们需要将对象转换为String的时候根据String toJson(Object src)方法即可。这里需要注意一点,如果response.body().string()调用大于一次的话,就会报错java.lang.IllegalStateException: closed,因为response.body().string()调用一次之后流就断掉了,需要重新构建一个response;
这个解析和Gson解析差不多,也是一行就搞定了,也是对上面的Gson数据进行解析,想要将json数据解析成对象需要使用 parseObject()方法,参数可以传Class,也可以传Type;当需要通过对象得到String字符串时候使用String json1 = JSONObject.toJSONString(model)即可,下面贴上代码
OkHttpClient.Builder builder = new OkHttpClient.Builder(); Request request = new Request.Builder() .url(url) .get() .build(); builder.build().newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() { @Override public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) { } @Override public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException { String json = response.body().string(); /** * 根据json数据获取对象 */ HomeadListModel model = JSONObject.parseObject(json, new TypeToken<HomeadListModel>() { }.getType()); // HomeadListModel model2 = JSONObject.parseObject(json, HomeadListModel.class); /** * 根据对象获取json数据 */ String json1 = JSONObject.toJSONString(model); Log.i("aaa", "fastJson: " + json1); for (HomeadListModel.DataBean.HomeadlistBean data : model.data.homeadlist) { mData.add(imageUrl + data.imgurl); } runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); } }); } });
上面写了三种解析JSON数据的方法,第一种是最麻烦的,但是不一定是最差的,后面两种Gson和FastJson都是最常用的方法。
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