python编贪吃蛇_Python贪吃蛇游戏编写代码

最近在学Python，想做点什么来练练手，命令行的贪吃蛇一般是C的练手项目，但是一时之间找不到别的，就先做个贪吃蛇来练练简单的语法。

由于Python监听键盘很麻烦，没有C语言的kbhit()，所以这条贪吃蛇不会自己动，运行效果如下：

要求：用#表示边框，用*表示食物，o表示蛇的身体，O表示蛇头，使用wsad来移动

Python版本：3.6.1

系统环境：Win10

类：

board：棋盘，也就是游戏区域

snake：贪吃蛇，通过记录身体每个点来记录蛇的状态

game：游戏类

本来还想要个food类的，但是food只需要一个坐标，和一个新建，所以干脆使用list来保存坐标，新建food放在game里面，从逻辑上也没有太大问题

源码：

# Write By Guobao

# 2017/4//7

#

# 贪吃蛇

# 用#做边界，*做食物，o做身体和头部

# python 3.6.1

import copy

import random

import os

import msvcrt

# the board class, used to put everything

class board:

__points =[]

def __init__(self):

self.__points.clear()

for i in range(22):

line = []

if i == 0 or i == 21:

for j in range(22):

line.append('#')

else:

line.append('#')

for j in range(20):

line.append(' ')

line.append('#')

self.__points.append(line)

def getPoint(self, location):

return self.__points[location[0]][location[1]]

def clear(self):

self.__points.clear()

for i in range(22):

line = []

if i == 0 or i == 21:

for j in range(22):

line.append('#')

else:

line.append('#')

for j in range(20):

line.append(' ')

line.append('#')

self.__points.append(line)

def put_snake(self, snake_locations):

# clear the board

self.clear()

# put the snake points

for x in snake_locations:

self.__points[x[0]][x[1]] = 'o'

# the head

x = snake_locations[len(snake_locations) - 1]

self.__points[x[0]][x[1]] = 'O'

def put_food(self, food_location):

self.__points[food_location[0]][food_location[1]] = '*'

def show(self):

os.system("cls")

for i in range(22):

for j in range(22):

print(self.__points[i][j], end='')

print()

# the snake class

class snake:

__points = []

def __init__(self):

for i in range(1, 6):

self.__points.append([1, i])

def getPoints(self):

return self.__points

# move to the next position

# give the next head

def move(self, next_head):

self.__points.pop(0)

self.__points.append(next_head)

# eat the food

# give the next head

def eat(self, next_head):

self.__points.append(next_head)

# calc the next state

# and return the direction

def next_head(self, direction='default'):

# need to change the value, so copy it

head = copy.deepcopy(self.__points[len(self.__points) - 1])

# calc the "default" direction

if direction == 'default':

neck = self.__points[len(self.__points) - 2]

if neck[0] > head[0]:

direction = 'up'

elif neck[0] < head[0]:

direction = 'down'

elif neck[1] > head[1]:

direction = 'left'

elif neck[1] < head[1]:

direction = 'right'

if direction == 'up':

head[0] = head[0] - 1

elif direction == 'down':

head[0] = head[0] + 1

elif direction == 'left':

head[1] = head[1] - 1

elif direction == 'right':

head[1] = head[1] + 1

return head

# the game

class game:

board = board()

snake = snake()

food = []

count = 0

def __init__(self):

self.new_food()

self.board.clear()

self.board.put_snake(self.snake.getPoints())

self.board.put_food(self.food)

def new_food(self):

while 1:

line = random.randint(1, 20)

column = random.randint(1, 20)

if self.board.getPoint([column, line]) == ' ':

self.food = [column, line]

return

def show(self):

self.board.clear()

self.board.put_snake(self.snake.getPoints())

self.board.put_food(self.food)

self.board.show()

def run(self):

self.board.show()

# the 'w a s d' are the directions

operation_dict = {b'w': 'up', b'W': 'up', b's': 'down', b'S': 'down', b'a': 'left', b'A': 'left', b'd': 'right', b'D': 'right'}

op = msvcrt.getch()

while op != b'q':

if op not in operation_dict:

op = msvcrt.getch()

else:

new_head = self.snake.next_head(operation_dict[op])

# get the food

if self.board.getPoint(new_head) == '*':

self.snake.eat(new_head)

self.count = self.count + 1

if self.count >= 15:

self.show()

print("Good Job")

break

else:

self.new_food()

self.show()

# 反向一Q日神仙

elif new_head == self.snake.getPoints()[len(self.snake.getPoints()) - 2]:

pass

# rush the wall

elif self.board.getPoint(new_head) == '#' or self.board.getPoint(new_head) == 'o':

print('GG')

break

# normal move

else:

self.snake.move(new_head)

self.show()

op = msvcrt.getch()

game().run()

笔记：

1.Python 没有Switch case语句，可以利用dirt来实现

2.Python的=号是复制，复制引用，深复制需要使用copy的deepcopy()函数来实现

3.即使在成员函数内，也需要使用self来访问成员变量，这和C++、JAVA很不一样

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