Oracle 怎樣修改DB_NAME_dbname在数据库

DBNEWID 是一个数据库实用程序，用于更改 Oracle 数据库的 DBNAME 和 DBID。可以更改 DBID 或 DBNAME 或两者。
DBNAME 是在创建数据库时指定的数据库名称，DBID 是创建数据库时分配给数据库的唯一编号。
以下步骤演示如何使用 DBNEWID 实用程序更改 Oracle 数据库的 DBNAME 和 DBID。
重要提示：开始此过程之前，请确保拥有数据库的完整备份。
Step 1：开始之前，找出数据库当前的 DBNAME 和 DBID：

SQL> SELECT DBID,NAME from V$DATABASE;
      DBID NAME
---------- ---------
2426088413 MYORDB
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Step 2：第一步是启动实例并挂载数据库，但不打开数据库。

sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> shutdown immediate
 Database closed.
 Database dismounted.
 ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1071333376 bytes
Fixed Size                  1375792 bytes
Variable Size             553648592 bytes
Database Buffers          511705088 bytes
Redo Buffers                4603904 bytes
Database mounted.

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
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Step 3. 通过指定连接字符串和数据库的新名称来运行 DBNEWID 实用程序。 连接字符串中指定的用户应具有 SYSDBA 权限。

nid target=sys/MYPASS@MYORDB dbname=MYNEWDB setname=YES
DBNEWID: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue May 30 12:50:01 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to database MYORDB (DBID=2436089413)

Connected to server version 11.2.0

Control Files in database:
    C:ORADATAMYORDBCONTROL01.CTL
    C:ORADATAMYORDBCONTROL02.CTL
  
Change database name of database MYORDB to MYNEWDB? (Y/[N]) => Y

Proceeding with operation
Changing database name from MYORDB to MYNEWDB
    Control File C:ORADATAMYORDBCONTROL01.CTL - modified
    Datafile C:ORADATAMYORDBSYSTEM01.DB - wrote new name
    Datafile C:ORADATAMYORDBSYSAUX01.DB - wrote new name
    Datafile C:ORADATAMYORDBUNDOTBS01.DB - wrote new name
    Datafile C:ORADATAMYORDBUSERS01.DB - wrote new name
    Datafile C:ORADATAMYORDBMYORDBDAT01.DB - wrote new name
    Datafile C:ORADATAMYORDBMYORDBIDX01.DB - wrote new name
    Datafile C:ORADATAMYORDBTEMP01.DB - wrote new name
    Control File C:ORADATAMYORDBCONTROL01.CTL - wrote new name
    Control File C:ORADATAMYORDBCONTROL02.CTL - wrote new name

    Instance shut down

Database name changed to MYNEWDB.
Modify parameter file and generate a new password file before restarting.
Succesfully changed database name.
DBNEWID - Completed succesfully.
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Step 4: Shut down the database.

SQL> shutdown immediate
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Step 5：将初始化参数文件中的DB_NAME初始化参数设置为新的数据库名称。

sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> show parameter db_name
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_name                              string      MYORDB


SQL> alter system set db_name=MYNEWDB scope=spfile;
System altered.
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Step 6: 创建一个新的密码文件。

orapwd file=orapwMYNEWDB password=MYPASS
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Step 7: 启动DB

SQL> startup mount
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Step 8：验证名称更改

SELECT DBID,NAME from V$DATABASE;
      DBID NAME
---------- ---------
2426088413 MYNEWDB
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