Transformer - TokenEmbedding、 PositionalEmbedding、 TemporalEmbedding_token embedding与position embedding

Transformer - TokenEmbedding、 PositionalEmbedding、 TemporalEmbedding

flyfish

在原始的Transformer中输入嵌入向量只有TokenEmbedding和PositionalEmbedding。
用在时间序列的处理中再加上temporal_embedding 。
可以根据实际情况是否选择PositionalEmbedding
例如Autoformer的输入嵌入向量就没有PositionalEmbedding。
Informer三者都有。
Transformer - Positional Encoding 位置编码 代码实现
torch.nn.Embedding原理

Positional Encoding 位置编码

把词转换成可以计算的向量

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import math

def compared_version(ver1, ver2):
    """
    :param ver1
    :param ver2
    :return: ver1< = >ver2 False/True
    """
    list1 = str(ver1).split(".")
    list2 = str(ver2).split(".")
    
    for i in range(len(list1)) if len(list1) < len(list2) else range(len(list2)):
        if int(list1[i]) == int(list2[i]):
            pass
        elif int(list1[i]) < int(list2[i]):
            return -1
        else:
            return 1
    
    if len(list1) == len(list2):
        return True
    elif len(list1) < len(list2):
        return False
    else:
        return True

class PositionalEmbedding(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, d_model, max_len=5000):
        super(PositionalEmbedding, self).__init__()
        # Compute the positional encodings once in log space.
        pe = torch.zeros(max_len, d_model).float()
        pe.require_grad = False

        position = torch.arange(0, max_len).float().unsqueeze(1)
        div_term = (torch.arange(0, d_model, 2).float() * -(math.log(10000.0) / d_model)).exp()

        pe[:, 0::2] = torch.sin(position * div_term)
        pe[:, 1::2] = torch.cos(position * div_term)

        pe = pe.unsqueeze(0)
        self.register_buffer('pe', pe)

    def forward(self, x):
        return self.pe[:, :x.size(1)]


class TokenEmbedding(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, c_in, d_model):
        super(TokenEmbedding, self).__init__()
        padding = 1 if compared_version(torch.__version__, '1.5.0') else 2
        self.tokenConv = nn.Conv1d(in_channels=c_in, out_channels=d_model,
                                   kernel_size=3, padding=padding, padding_mode='circular', bias=False)
        for m in self.modules():
            if isinstance(m, nn.Conv1d):
                nn.init.kaiming_normal_(m.weight, mode='fan_in', nonlinearity='leaky_relu')

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.tokenConv(x.permute(0, 2, 1)).transpose(1, 2)
        return x


class FixedEmbedding(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, c_in, d_model):
        super(FixedEmbedding, self).__init__()

        w = torch.zeros(c_in, d_model).float()
        w.require_grad = False

        position = torch.arange(0, c_in).float().unsqueeze(1)
        div_term = (torch.arange(0, d_model, 2).float() * -(math.log(10000.0) / d_model)).exp()

        w[:, 0::2] = torch.sin(position * div_term)
        w[:, 1::2] = torch.cos(position * div_term)

        self.emb = nn.Embedding(c_in, d_model)
        self.emb.weight = nn.Parameter(w, requires_grad=False)

    def forward(self, x):
        return self.emb(x).detach()


class TemporalEmbedding(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, d_model, embed_type='fixed', freq='h'):
        super(TemporalEmbedding, self).__init__()

        minute_size = 4
        hour_size = 24
        weekday_size = 7
        day_size = 32
        month_size = 13

        Embed = FixedEmbedding if embed_type == 'fixed' else nn.Embedding
        if freq == 't':
            self.minute_embed = Embed(minute_size, d_model)
        self.hour_embed = Embed(hour_size, d_model)
        self.weekday_embed = Embed(weekday_size, d_model)
        self.day_embed = Embed(day_size, d_model)
        self.month_embed = Embed(month_size, d_model)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = x.long()

        minute_x = self.minute_embed(x[:, :, 4]) if hasattr(self, 'minute_embed') else 0.
        hour_x = self.hour_embed(x[:, :, 3])
        weekday_x = self.weekday_embed(x[:, :, 2])
        day_x = self.day_embed(x[:, :, 1])
        month_x = self.month_embed(x[:, :, 0])

        return hour_x + weekday_x + day_x + month_x + minute_x


class TimeFeatureEmbedding(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, d_model, embed_type='timeF', freq='h'):
        super(TimeFeatureEmbedding, self).__init__()

        freq_map = {'h': 4, 't': 5, 's': 6, 'm': 1, 'a': 1, 'w': 2, 'd': 3, 'b': 3}
        d_inp = freq_map[freq]
        self.embed = nn.Linear(d_inp, d_model, bias=False)

    def forward(self, x):
        return self.embed(x)


class DataEmbedding(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, c_in, d_model, embed_type='fixed', freq='h', dropout=0.1):
        super(DataEmbedding, self).__init__()

        self.value_embedding = TokenEmbedding(c_in=c_in, d_model=d_model)
        self.position_embedding = PositionalEmbedding(d_model=d_model)
        self.temporal_embedding = TemporalEmbedding(d_model=d_model, embed_type=embed_type,
                                                    freq=freq) if embed_type != 'timeF' else TimeFeatureEmbedding(
            d_model=d_model, embed_type=embed_type, freq=freq)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(p=dropout)

    def forward(self, x, x_mark):
        x = self.value_embedding(x) + self.temporal_embedding(x_mark) + self.position_embedding(x)
        return self.dropout(x)


class DataEmbedding_wo_pos(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, c_in, d_model, embed_type='fixed', freq='h', dropout=0.1):
        super(DataEmbedding_wo_pos, self).__init__()

        self.value_embedding = TokenEmbedding(c_in=c_in, d_model=d_model)
        self.position_embedding = PositionalEmbedding(d_model=d_model)
        self.temporal_embedding = TemporalEmbedding(d_model=d_model, embed_type=embed_type,
                                                    freq=freq) if embed_type != 'timeF' else TimeFeatureEmbedding(
            d_model=d_model, embed_type=embed_type, freq=freq)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(p=dropout)

    def forward(self, x, x_mark):
        x = self.value_embedding(x) + self.temporal_embedding(x_mark)
        return self.dropout(x)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156