Docker基础命令，镜像下载删除，容器显示，开启，关闭，杀死，_docker镜像下载

作者：笔触狂放9 | 2024-08-05 13:54:16

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docker镜像下载

查看镜像，搜索，下载，删除

# docker images
REPOSITORY                TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mysql                     5.6                 8de95e6026c3        20 hours ago        302MB
redis                     latest              36304d3b4540        12 days ago         104MB
mysql                     latest              30f937e841c8        2 weeks ago         541MB
centos/mysql-57-centos7   latest              f83a2938370c        8 months ago        452MB
# 解释
REPOSITORY 镜像的仓库名
TAG 镜像的标签
IMAGE ID 镜像ID
CREATED 镜像创建时间
SIZE 镜像的大小

#可选项
Options:
  -a, --all             #列出所有镜像
  -q, --quiet           #只显示镜像ID

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搜索

[root@CZP ~]# docker search mysql
NAME	DESCRIPTION									STARS	OFFICIAL	AUTOMATED	
mysql	MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…  9604     [OK]                

#可选项,通过收藏来过滤
--filter=stars=3000 #搜索出来的镜像收藏就是大于3000的

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docker pull 下载镜像

[root@CZP ~]# docker pull nginx [:tag]
Using default tag: latest #如果不写tag 默认使用最新版本
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
8559a31e96f4: Pull complete  #分层下载,docker image核心 联合文件系统
8d69e59170f7: Pull complete 
3f9f1ec1d262: Pull complete 
d1f5ff4f210d: Pull complete 
1e22bfa8652e: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:21f32f6c08406306d822a0e6e8b7dc81f53f336570e852e25fbe1e3e3d0d0133 #签名
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest #真实地址

# docker pull nginx 等价于 dicker pull docker.io/library/nginx:latest


#指定版本下载

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删除

#删除指定的容器
[root@CZP ~]# docker rmi -f 8de95e6026c3 
#删除全部的容器
[root@CZP ~]# docker rmi -f $(docker -ap) 

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容器
有了镜像才可以创建容器
docker pull centos 然后再测试

[root@centos ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   6 months ago   231MB
[root@centos ~]# cd /
[root@centos /]# ls
bin   dev  home  lib64       media  opt   root  sbin  sys  usr
boot  etc  lib   lost+found  mnt    proc  run   srv   tmp  var
[root@centos /]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@14ff51227308 /]# ls
bin  etc   lib    lost+found  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
dev  home  lib64  media       opt  root  sbin  sys  usr
[root@14ff51227308 /]# exit
exit
[root@centos /]# ls
bin   dev  home  lib64       media  opt   root  sbin  sys  usr
boot  etc  lib   lost+found  mnt    proc  run   srv   tmp  var
[root@centos /]# ^C
[root@centos /]#
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列出运行的容器

# docker ps 命令
	# 列出当前正在运行的容器
-a	# 列出当前正在运行的容器+历史运行过的容器
-n=?# 显示最近创建的容器
-q	# 只显示容器的编号
[root@CZP ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
[root@CZP ~]# docker ps -a 
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                    PORTS               NAMES
919e58ff5521        redis               "docker-entrypoint.s…"   20 hours ago        Exited (0) 16 hours ago                       redis


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退出容器

exit #直接容器停止并退出
ctrl + p + q 直接退出容器
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删除容器

docker rm 容器id
docker rm -f[递归] $(docker ps -aq) #递归删除所有的容器
docker ps -a | xargs docker rm #递归删除所有的容器
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启动和停止容器

docker start 容器id  #启动容器
docker restart 容器id  #重启容器
docker stop 容器id	#停止当前正在运行的容器
docker kill 容器id 	#强制停止当前容器
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后台启动容器

#命令docker run -d 镜像名

#常见的坑: docker容器后台运行,就必须要有一个前台进程,docker发现没有应用,就会自动停止
#nginx, 容器启动后,发现自己没有提供服务,就会立刻停止,就是没有程序了

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查看容器元数据

[root@centos etc]# docker  inspect 992cde01ffc5
[
    {
        "Id": "992cde01ffc53fcda2a9e63ee1856cfd56cb6f02ebe0f6f2276141ba6093711e",
        "Created": "2022-03-18T01:25:50.895969517Z",
        "Path": "/bin/bash",
        "Args": [],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 31377,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2022-03-18T01:25:51.347378803Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/992cde01ffc53fcda2a9e63ee1856cfd56cb6f02ebe0f6f2276141ba6093711e/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/992cde01ffc53fcda2a9e63ee1856cfd56cb6f02ebe0f6f2276141ba6093711e/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/992cde01ffc53fcda2a9e63ee1856cfd56cb6f02ebe0f6f2276141ba6093711e/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/992cde01ffc53fcda2a9e63ee1856cfd56cb6f02ebe0f6f2276141ba6093711e/992cde01ffc53fcda2a9e63ee1856cfd56cb6f02ebe0f6f2276141ba6093711e-json.log",
        "Name": "/cranky_perlman",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {},
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "CgroupnsMode": "host",
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/fb4a0891a03098621619d0fb0187d69bc5a822dab996e67be42618ea9875556d-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/6b5f93bbcacaca5e2b8598e6fbbb7df29ce85a832113fc1e8fdd774b18f8b5f7/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/fb4a0891a03098621619d0fb0187d69bc5a822dab996e67be42618ea9875556d/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/fb4a0891a03098621619d0fb0187d69bc5a822dab996e67be42618ea9875556d/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/fb4a0891a03098621619d0fb0187d69bc5a822dab996e67be42618ea9875556d/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "992cde01ffc5",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": true,
            "AttachStdout": true,
            "AttachStderr": true,
            "Tty": true,
            "OpenStdin": true,
            "StdinOnce": true,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/bash"
            ],
            "Image": "5d0da3dc9764",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
            }
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "9d851a362c28e05535e56a5521d7118b427a6def27e9aa4dde39d70b6c9b4d4d",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {},
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/9d851a362c28",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "a927b7e88dc8170c797b90d16c166cc000e388ba67f22f30794f6df9b8326fc2",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "1fdc1a79c0ce6a4b1cb75e8e65fcd1dc9f6236380ad9901f222387758c9b5321",
                    "EndpointID": "a927b7e88dc8170c797b90d16c166cc000e388ba67f22f30794f6df9b8326fc2",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]
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