项目中使用了海康相机用于拍照功能,要访问海康相机就需要知道相机的IP,一般我们通过配置文件将IP地址传入程序中,在调用其官方SDK进行拍照。每次都需要手工配置IP地址,每次现场安装实施都要配置,非常容易配置错误。所以如果软件能够自动搜索相机,并自动配置,免去手工配置的麻烦和易出错,可以增强软件的可靠性,降低部署复杂度。
分析之后想到,海康官方有提供一个相机IP修改的工具,功能强大,只要在局域网中,即使不在一个IP段也能搜索到相机。如果我们的程序也能够实现该功能,能否实现前面的设想?
根据这个想法,我觉得可以分析下其IP搜索通信协议。
通过使用wireshark抓包工具,发现其IP搜索使用了两种通信方式,一种是UDP广播,另一种是更加底层的通信方式,直接通过网卡发送广播包。实测时发现,两种通信方式功能基本相同,都能够所搜IP,修改配置。直接使用网卡发包的方式比UDP广播的方式貌似兼容相机多些。
UDP广播:
UDP广播通信方式,搜索工具会向IP:239.255.255.250,端口号:37020进行广播,通信内容为xml格式字符串,例如以下内容。各个字段含义已经比较清晰了。
- /* 以下是海康相机UDP协议
- * 用于搜索相机和修改IP
- * 广播地址:239.255.255.250
- * 端口号:37020
- */
-
- 搜索相机广播请求
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-
- <Probe>
- <Uuid>AB2CC373-2332-4F7B-AA18-838E08E748AE</Uuid>
- <Types>inquiry</Types>
- </Probe>
-
-
- 搜索相机返回结果
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-
- <ProbeMatch>
- <Uuid>AB2CC373-2332-4F7B-AA18-838E08E748AE</Uuid>
- <Types>inquiry</Types>
- <DeviceType>140063</DeviceType>
- <DeviceDescription>DS-2CD5A26FWD-IZ</DeviceDescription>
- <DeviceSN>DS-2CD5A26FWD-IZ20160518AACH604074182</DeviceSN>
- <CommandPort>8000</CommandPort>
- <HttpPort>80</HttpPort>
- <MAC>bc-ad-28-53-85-e8</MAC>
- <IPv4Address>172.16.16.191</IPv4Address>
- <IPv4SubnetMask>255.255.255.0</IPv4SubnetMask>
- <IPv4Gateway>172.16.16.1</IPv4Gateway>
- <IPv6Address>::</IPv6Address>
- <IPv6Gateway>::</IPv6Gateway>
- <IPv6MaskLen>0</IPv6MaskLen>
- <DHCP>false</DHCP>
- <AnalogChannelNum>0</AnalogChannelNum>
- <DigitalChannelNum>1</DigitalChannelNum>
- <SoftwareVersion>V5.3.8build 151223</SoftwareVersion>
- <DSPVersion>V7.3 build 151218</DSPVersion>
- <BootTime>2016-08-01 17:04:52</BootTime>
- <ResetAbility>false</ResetAbility>
- <DiskNumber>0</DiskNumber>
- <Activated>true</Activated>
- <PasswordResetAbility>true</PasswordResetAbility>
- <PasswordResetModeSecond>true</PasswordResetModeSecond>
- </ProbeMatch>
-
-
-
-
-
- 修改相机参数请求
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-
- <Probe>
- <Uuid>21A9F613-5E4F-41DF-B821-E36523087D1D</Uuid>
- <Types>update</Types>
- <MAC>28-57-be-af-7a-14</MAC>
- <Password>/RsWjdUa5zJ3OQWH6zy00w==</Password>
- <IPv4Address>172.16.16.190</IPv4Address>
- <CommandPort>8000</CommandPort>
- <HttpPort>80</HttpPort>
- <IPv4SubnetMask>255.255.255.0</IPv4SubnetMask>
- <IPv4Gateway>172.16.16.190</IPv4Gateway>
- <IPv6Address>::</IPv6Address>
- <IPv6Gateway>::</IPv6Gateway>
- <IPv6MaskLen>0</IPv6MaskLen>
- <DHCP>false</DHCP>
- </Probe>
-
-
- 修改相机参数成功
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-
- <ProbeMatch>
- <Uuid>AB2CC373-2332-4F7B-AA18-838E08E748AE</Uuid>
- <Types>update</Types>
- <Result>success</Result>
- <DeviceType>140063</DeviceType>
- <DeviceDescription>DS-2CD5A26FWD-IZ</DeviceDescription>
- <DeviceSN>DS-2CD5A26FWD-IZ20160518AACH604074182</DeviceSN>
- <CommandPort>8000</CommandPort>
- <HttpPort>80</HttpPort>
- <MAC>bc-ad-28-53-85-e8</MAC>
- <IPv4Address>172.16.16.195</IPv4Address>
- <IPv4SubnetMask>255.255.255.0</IPv4SubnetMask>
- <IPv4Gateway>172.16.16.1</IPv4Gateway>
- <IPv6Address>::</IPv6Address>
- <IPv6Gateway>::</IPv6Gateway>
- <IPv6MaskLen>0</IPv6MaskLen>
- <DHCP>false</DHCP>
- <AnalogChannelNum>0</AnalogChannelNum>
- <DigitalChannelNum>1</DigitalChannelNum>
- <SoftwareVersion>V5.3.8build 151223</SoftwareVersion>
- <DSPVersion>V7.3 build 151218</DSPVersion>
- <BootTime>2016-08-01 17:04:52</BootTime>
- <ResetAbility>false</ResetAbility>
- <DiskNumber>0</DiskNumber>
- <Activated>true</Activated>
- <PasswordResetAbility>true</PasswordResetAbility>
- <PasswordResetModeSecond>true</PasswordResetModeSecond>
- </ProbeMatch>
-
-
-
- 修改相机参数失败
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-
- <ProbeMatch>
- <Uuid>AB2CC373-2332-4F7B-AA18-838E08E748AE</Uuid>
- <Types>update</Types>
- <Result>failed</Result>
- </ProbeMatch>
其中密码部分进行了加密,加密方式为md5+base64,加密参考代码如下
- /**
- * md5加密
- * @param password
- * @return
- */
- public static byte[] md5(String password) {
- try{
- // MD5
- MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
- md.update(password.getBytes());
- byte[] digestedValue = md.digest();
-
- return digestedValue;
- }catch(Exception e){
- e.printStackTrace();
- return null;
- }
- }
-
- /**
- * md5(base64)加密
- * @param password
- * @return
- */
- public static String md5Base64(String password){
- try{
- // MD5
- byte[] digestedValue = md5(password);
-
- // base64
- BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
- return encoder.encode(digestedValue);
-
- }catch(Exception e){
- e.printStackTrace();
- return null;
- }
- }
网卡广播方式:
网卡广播的方式,其协议内容使用二进制格式,并不像UDP方式那么容易理解。对于其协议格式只破解了一部分,其中貌似有校验和的字段,其校验和的计算方式无法得知,导致并不能实际用该协议对相机参数进行修改。要能够使用网卡进行广播通信,还需要安装WinPcap(官方工具也装了这个),java的话还需要jPCAP才能进行底层通信。以下是部分协议解析结果:
- // mac通信设备搜索
- //21 02 01 42 00 00 1D 2C 06 04 03 00 21 82 50 7B 9D 73 44 73 AC 10 10 F4 FF FF FF FF FF FF 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FE 80 00 00 00 00 00 00 9D 57 F5 8D 3B B0 78 EC 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
-
-
- // 貌似以下是mac地址通信接收的数据
- //21 01 01 F6 00 00 1D 07 06 04
- //04 (04=inquiry,07=update)
- //00 (结果:01=失败,02=成功)
- //5B 44
- //C0 56 E3 7C B0 C4 (物理地址地址)
- //AC 10 10 C1 (IP地址:172.16.16.193)
- //FF FF FF FF FF FF 00 00 00 00
- //FF FF FE 00 (子网掩码:255.255.254.0)
- //44 53 2D 32 43 44 32 34 31 32 46 2D 49 32 30 31 35 30 33 32 35 43 43 43 48 35 30 38 35 33 37 39 37 38 (设备序列号:DS-2CD2412F-I20150325CCCH508537978)
- //00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 98 11 00 00
- //1F 40 (端口:8000)
- //00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00
- //56 35 2E 31 2E 36 62 75 69 6C 64 20 31 34 30 36 31 32 (软件版本:V5.1.6build 140612)
- //00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
- //56 35 2E 30 2C 20 62 75 69 6C 64 20 31 34 30 34 31 31 (DSP版本:V5.0, build 140411)
- //00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
- //32 30 31 36 2D 30 38 2D 30 32 20 31 38 3A 31 37 3A 33 31 (启动时间:2016-08-02 18:17:31)
- //00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 9C 9D 99
- //AC 10 10 01 (网关:172.16.16.1)
- //00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 07
- //00 (DHCP:00=关,01=开)
- //00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
- //50 (http端口:80)
- //00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
- //44 53 2D 32 43 44 32 34 31 32 46 2D 49 (设备类型:DS-2CD2412F-I)
- //00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
-
-
- // mac通信修改信息
- //21 02 01 42 00 00 26 19 06 04 06 00 33 16 50 7b 9d 73 44 73
- //ac 10 10 f4 (PC机IP(20))
- //c0 56 e3 7c b0 c4 (mac地址(24))
- //ac 10 11 87 (IP地址(30):172.16.17.135)
- //ff ff fe 00 (子网掩码(34):255.255.254.0)
- //82 7c cb 0e ea 8a 70 6c 4c 34 a1 68 91 f8 4e 7b (md5加密(38))
- //00 00 1f 40 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 9c 02 41 (1f 40两个值可能是校验和)
- //ac 10 10 01 (网关(70):172.16.16.1)
- //00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 (IPV6地址(74))
- //00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 (IPV6网关(90))
- //00 (IPV6子网前缀长度(104))
- //00
- //00 (DHCP(106))
- //00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
- //50 (http端口(137):80)
- //00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
-