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tushare ID:468684
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使用TensorFlow API:tf.keras搭建网络六步法:
import numpy as np from tensorflow.keras.layers import Dropout, Dense, LSTM import tushare as ts import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import pandas as pd from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error, mean_absolute_error import math import tensorflow as tf from tensorflow.python.client import device_lib import os
df1 = ts.get_k_data('股票代码', ktype='D', start='开始日期', end='结束日期') datapath1 = "./股票代码.csv" df1.to_csv(datapath1) print(df1.head()) data = pd.read_csv('./股票代码.csv') # 读取股票文件 training_set = data.iloc[0:2426 - 300, 2:3].values # 前(2426-300=2126)天的开盘价作为训练集,表格从0开始计数,2:3 是提取[2:3)列,前闭后开,故提取出C列开盘价 test_set =data.iloc[2426 - 300:, 2:3].values # 后300天的开盘价作为测试集 # 归一化 sc = MinMaxScaler(feature_range=(0, 1)) # 定义归一化:归一化到(0,1)之间 training_set_scaled = sc.fit_transform(training_set) # 求得训练集的最大值,最小值这些训练集固有的属性,并在训练集上进行归一化 test_set = sc.transform(test_set) # 利用训练集的属性对测试集进行归一化 x_train = [] y_train = [] x_test = [] y_test = []
class MyModel(Model):
def __init__(self):
super(MyModel, self).__init__()
定义网络结构块
def call(self, x):
调用网络结构块,实现前向传播
return y
model = MyModel()
model.compile(optimizer=tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(0.001), loss='mean_squared_error') # 损失函数用均方误差 # 该应用只观测loss数值,不观测准确率,所以删去metrics选项,一会在每个epoch迭代显示时只显示loss值 checkpoint_save_path = "./checkpoint/LSTM_stock.ckpt" if os.path.exists(checkpoint_save_path + '.index'): print('-------------load the model-----------------') model.load_weights(checkpoint_save_path) cp_callback = tf.keras.callbacks.ModelCheckpoint(filepath=checkpoint_save_path, save_weights_only=True, save_best_only=True, monitor='val_loss')
history = model.fit(x_train, y_train, batch_size=64, epochs=50, validation_data=(x_test, y_test), validation_freq=1, callbacks=[cp_callback])
model.summary()
此外,还可以loss可视化
file = open('./weights_changyingjingmi.txt', 'w') # 参数提取 for v in model.trainable_variables: file.write(str(v.name) + '\n') file.write(str(v.shape) + '\n') file.write(str(v.numpy()) + '\n') file.close() loss = history.history['loss'] val_loss = history.history['val_loss'] plt.plot(loss, label='Training Loss') plt.plot(val_loss, label='Validation Loss') plt.title('Training and Validation Loss') plt.legend() plt.show() ################## predict ###################### # 测试集输入模型进行预测 predicted_stock_price = model.predict(x_test) # 对预测数据还原---从(0,1)反归一化到原始范围 predicted_stock_price = sc.inverse_transform(predicted_stock_price) # 对真实数据还原---从(0,1)反归一化到原始范围 real_stock_price = sc.inverse_transform(test_set[60:]) # 画出真实数据和预测数据的对比曲线 plt.plot(real_stock_price, color='red', label='XXXXX Stock Price') plt.plot(predicted_stock_price, color='blue', label='Predicted XXXXX Stock Price') plt.title('Changyingjingmi Stock Price Prediction(LSTM)') plt.xlabel('Time') plt.ylabel('XXXXX Stock Price') plt.legend() plt.show() ##########evaluate############## # calculate MSE 均方误差 ---> E[(预测值-真实值)^2] (预测值减真实值求平方后求均值) mse = mean_squared_error(predicted_stock_price, real_stock_price) # calculate RMSE 均方根误差--->sqrt[MSE] (对均方误差开方) rmse = math.sqrt(mean_squared_error(predicted_stock_price, real_stock_price)) # calculate MAE 平均绝对误差----->E[|预测值-真实值|](预测值减真实值求绝对值后求均值) mae = mean_absolute_error(predicted_stock_price, real_stock_price) print('均方误差: %.6f' % mse) print('均方根误差: %.6f' % rmse) print('平均绝对误差: %.6f' % mae)
运行效果截图:
参考文献:
1.Sepp Hochreiter,Jurgen Schmidhuber.LONG SHORT-TERM MEMORY.Neural Computation,December 1997
2.浙江大学慕课《深度学习》,胡浩基
3.北京大学慕课《人工智能实践:TensorFlow笔记》,曹健
4.知乎《LSTM模型结构的可视化》,master苏
5.复旦大学慕课《深度学习及其应用》,赵卫东,董亮
6.浙江大学慕课《人工智能:模型与算法》,吴飞
7.微信公众号数盟,《深度解析LSTM神经网络的设计原理》
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