压测工具：redis-benchmark与memtier_benchmark

前言

redis-benchmark与memtier_benchmark两个工具都可以用来做压测

一、redis-benchmark

redis-benchmark在redis6.0.6提供的工具.具有了多线程的功能,执行redis-benchmark --help可以具体的使用信息

root@4e1c5c3a1f9d:/data# redis-benchmark --help
Usage: redis-benchmark [-h <host>] [-p <port>] [-c <clients>] [-n <requests>] [-k <boolean>]
 
 -h <hostname>      Server hostname (default 127.0.0.1)
 -p <port>          Server port (default 6379)
 -s <socket>        Server socket (overrides host and port)
 -a <password>      Password for Redis Auth
 --user <username>  Used to send ACL style 'AUTH username pass'. Needs -a.
 -c <clients>       Number of parallel connections (default 50)
 -n <requests>      Total number of requests (default 100000)
 -d <size>          Data size of SET/GET value in bytes (default 3)
 --dbnum <db>       SELECT the specified db number (default 0)
 --threads <num>    Enable multi-thread mode.
 --cluster          Enable cluster mode.
 --enable-tracking  Send CLIENT TRACKING on before starting benchmark.
 -k <boolean>       1=keep alive 0=reconnect (default 1)
 -r <keyspacelen>   Use random keys for SET/GET/INCR, random values for SADD
  Using this option the benchmark will expand the string __rand_int__
  inside an argument with a 12 digits number in the specified range
  from 0 to keyspacelen-1. The substitution changes every time a command
  is executed. Default tests use this to hit random keys in the
  specified range.
 -P <numreq>        Pipeline <numreq> requests. Default 1 (no pipeline).
 -e                 If server replies with errors, show them on stdout.
                    (no more than 1 error per second is displayed)
 -q                 Quiet. Just show query/sec values
 --precision        Number of decimal places to display in latency output (default 0)
 --csv              Output in CSV format
 -l                 Loop. Run the tests forever
 -t <tests>         Only run the comma separated list of tests. The test
                    names are the same as the ones produced as output.
 -I                 Idle mode. Just open N idle connections and wait.
 
Examples:
 Run the benchmark with the default configuration against 127.0.0.1:6379:
   $ redis-benchmark
 Use 20 parallel clients, for a total of 100k requests, against 192.168.1.1:
   $ redis-benchmark -h 192.168.1.1 -p 6379 -n 100000 -c 20
 Fill 127.0.0.1:6379 with about 1 million keys only using the SET test:
   $ redis-benchmark -t set -n 1000000 -r 100000000
 Benchmark 127.0.0.1:6379 for a few commands producing CSV output:
   $ redis-benchmark -t ping,set,get -n 100000 --csv
 Benchmark a specific command line:
   $ redis-benchmark -r 10000 -n 10000 eval 'return redis.call("ping")' 0
 Fill a list with 10000 random elements:
   $ redis-benchmark -r 10000 -n 10000 lpush mylist __rand_int__
 On user specified command lines __rand_int__ is replaced with a random integer
 with a range of values selected by the -r option.

简单说明:

-q 仅仅显示redis-benchmark的requests per second信息
-P 代表每个请求pipeline的数据量（默认为1）
-k 代表客户端是否使用keepalive， 1为使用， 0为不使用， 默认值为1
-t 可以对指定命令进行基准测试 例如：redis-benchmark -t get,set
--csv 选项会将结果按照csv格式输出， 便于后续处理， 如导出到Excel

使用:

redis-benchmark -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 -a 123456 -c 100 --cluster -n 100000 -r 1000 -d 100 -q --threads 16 -t get,set,incr,hset

解释:对redis集群(ip:127.0.0.1 port: 6379 pwd:123456 )进行压测.启动16个线程,100个客户端,1000000个key（千位之内随机数）每个key100字节，测试set/get/incr/hset命令执行的qps结果

二、memtier_benchmark

memtier_benchmark是Redis Labs推出的一款命令行工具

安装参考文章:http://ghoulich.xninja.org/2016/12/11/how-to-use-memtier-benchmark-to-measure-redis-performance/

1. 安装编译环境和依赖包
## 安装编译环境
yum install -y autoconf automake make gcc-c++
 
## 安装依赖包
yum install -y pcre-devel zlib-devel libmemcached-devel wget git
 
2. 编译安装libevent
cd /Downloads
wget https://github.com/libevent/libevent/releases/download/release-2.0.22-stable/libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz
tar xvzf libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz
cd libevent-2.0.22-stable
./configure
make && make install
 
3. 更新库文件配置
echo "export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig:\${PKG_CONFIG_PATH}" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
ldconfig /usr/local/lib
 
4. 编译安装memtier_benchmark工具
cd /Downloads
git clone https://github.com/RedisLabs/memtier_benchmark.git
cd memtier_benchmark
autoreconf -ivf
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memtier
make && make install
echo "export PATH=/usr/local/memtier/bin:\${PATH}" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
 
5. 验证安装
memtier_benchmark --help

查看命令使用说明

[root@sza232073 ~]# memtier_benchmark --help                                                                                                         
Usage: memtier_benchmark [options]
A memcache/redis NoSQL traffic generator and performance benchmarking tool.
 
Connection and General Options:
  -s, --server=ADDR              Server address (default: localhost)
  -p, --port=PORT                Server port (default: 6379)
  -S, --unix-socket=SOCKET       UNIX Domain socket name (default: none)
  -P, --protocol=PROTOCOL        Protocol to use (default: redis).  Other
                                 supported protocols are memcache_text,
                                 memcache_binary.
  -a, --authenticate=CREDENTIALS Authenticate using specified credentials.
                                 A simple password is used for memcache_text
                                 and Redis <= 5.x. <USER>:<PASSWORD> can be
                                 specified for memcache_binary or Redis 6.x
                                 or newer with ACL user support.
      --tls                      Enable SSL/TLS transport security
      --cert=FILE                Use specified client certificate for TLS
      --key=FILE                 Use specified private key for TLS
      --cacert=FILE              Use specified CA certs bundle for TLS
      --tls-skip-verify          Skip verification of server certificate
      --sni=STRING               Add an SNI header
  -x, --run-count=NUMBER         Number of full-test iterations to perform
  -D, --debug                    Print debug output
      --client-stats=FILE        Produce per-client stats file
      --out-file=FILE            Name of output file (default: stdout)
      --json-out-file=FILE       Name of JSON output file, if not set, will not print to json
      --show-config              Print detailed configuration before running
      --hide-histogram           Don't print detailed latency histogram
      --cluster-mode             Run client in cluster mode
      --help                     Display this help
      --version                  Display version information
Test Options:
  -n, --requests=NUMBER          Number of total requests per client (default: 10000)
                                 use 'allkeys' to run on the entire key-range
  -c, --clients=NUMBER           Number of clients per thread (default: 50)
  -t, --threads=NUMBER           Number of threads (default: 4)
      --test-time=SECS           Number of seconds to run the test
      --ratio=RATIO              Set:Get ratio (default: 1:10)
      --pipeline=NUMBER          Number of concurrent pipelined requests (default: 1)
      --reconnect-interval=NUM   Number of requests after which re-connection is performed
      --multi-key-get=NUM        Enable multi-key get commands, up to NUM keys (default: 0)
      --select-db=DB             DB number to select, when testing a redis server
      --distinct-client-seed     Use a different random seed for each client
      --randomize                random seed based on timestamp (default is constant value)
Arbitrary command:
      --command=COMMAND          Specify a command to send in quotes.
                                 Each command that you specify is run with its ratio and key-pattern options.
                                 For example: --command="set __key__ 5" --command-ratio=2 --command-key-pattern=G
                                 To use a generated key or object, enter:
                                   __key__: Use key generated from Key Options.
                                   __data__: Use data generated from Object Options.
      --command-ratio            The number of times the command is sent in sequence.(default: 1)
      --command-key-pattern      Key pattern for the command (default: R):
                                 G for Gaussian distribution.
                                 R for uniform Random.
                                 S for Sequential.
                                 P for Parallel (Sequential were each client has a subset of the key-range).
Object Options:
  -d  --data-size=SIZE           Object data size (default: 32)
      --data-offset=OFFSET       Actual size of value will be data-size + data-offset
                                 Will use SETRANGE / GETRANGE (default: 0)
  -R  --random-data              Indicate that data should be randomized
      --data-size-range=RANGE    Use random-sized items in the specified range (min-max)
      --data-size-list=LIST      Use sizes from weight list (size1:weight1,..sizeN:weightN)
      --data-size-pattern=R|S    Use together with data-size-range
                                 when set to R, a random size from the defined data sizes will be used,
                                 when set to S, the defined data sizes will be evenly distributed across
                                 the key range, see --key-maximum (default R)
      --expiry-range=RANGE       Use random expiry values from the specified range
Imported Data Options:
      --data-import=FILE         Read object data from file
      --data-verify              Enable data verification when test is complete
      --verify-only              Only perform --data-verify, without any other test
      --generate-keys            Generate keys for imported objects
      --no-expiry                Ignore expiry information in imported data
Key Options:
      --key-prefix=PREFIX        Prefix for keys (default: "memtier-")
      --key-minimum=NUMBER       Key ID minimum value (default: 0)
      --key-maximum=NUMBER       Key ID maximum value (default: 10000000)
      --key-pattern=PATTERN      Set:Get pattern (default: R:R)
                                 G for Gaussian distribution.
                                 R for uniform Random.
                                 S for Sequential.
                                 P for Parallel (Sequential were each client has a subset of the key-range).
      --key-stddev               The standard deviation used in the Gaussian distribution
                                 (default is key range / 6)
      --key-median               The median point used in the Gaussian distribution
                                 (default is the center of the key range)
WAIT Options:
      --wait-ratio=RATIO         Set:Wait ratio (default is no WAIT commands - 1:0)
      --num-slaves=RANGE         WAIT for a random number of slaves in the specified range
      --wait-timeout=RANGE       WAIT for a random number of milliseconds in the specified range (normal 
                                 distribution with the center in the middle of the range)

使用1:对集群压测

memtier_benchmark -s 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 -a 123456 --cluster-mode -c 100  -R -d 100 -t 16 --ratio=1:1 -n 1000 --out-file=result.txt

解释:对redis集群(ip:127.0.0.1 port: 6379 pwd:123456 )进行压测.启动16个线程,100个客户端,（随机数）每个key对应的value100字节，执行16*100*1000个key,测试set/get命令执行结果输出到result.txt文件中

memtier_benchmark -s 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 -a 123456 --cluster-mode -c 100  -R -d 100 -t 16 --ratio=1:1  --test-time=60 --out-file=result.txt

解释:对redis集群(ip:127.0.0.1 port: 6379 pwd:123456 )进行压测.启动16个线程,100个客户端,（随机数）每个key对应的value100字节,执行1分钟，测试set/get命令执行结果输出到result.txt文件中

使用2:对单机压测

唯一与上边不同的是可以通过--command指定命令,-key-prefix定义key的前缀,--key-minimum --key-maximum定义随机数的范围,也可以不指定,按照上边压测去掉--cluster-mode

memtier_benchmark -s 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 -a 123456 -t 16 -c 100 -n 1000 --distinct-client-seed --command="set __key__ __data__" --key-prefix="kv_" --key-minimum=1 --key-maximum=10000 -R -d 100

注:

1. -n 与 --test-time 两个参数不能同时使用,要么指定数量要么指定时间

2.--cluster-mode与--command不能同时使用(我测试是不能,若可以可以留下评论)