devbox
Li_阴宅
这个屌丝很懒，什么也没留下！
关注作者
热门标签
热门文章
当前位置:   article > 正文

Python编程从入门到实践——外星人入侵代码_python编程从入门到实践源代码

作者：Li_阴宅 | 2024-07-04 02:40:12

赞

踩

python编程从入门到实践源代码

        学习python的新人一枚，在学习的过程中遇到了很多问题，最后通过在CSDN等网站上查阅资料等都慢慢解决了，写一个帖子，一方面是记录自己的代码，另一方面和大家分享一下。

目录

alien.py

alien_invasion.py

bullet.py

button.py

game_functions.py

game_stats.py

scoreboard.py

settings.py

ship.py

  1. #alien.py
  2. #  
  3. #  Copyright 2021 
  4.  
  5. import pygame
  6. from pygame.sprite import Sprite
  7. class Alien(Sprite):
  8. 	def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen):
  9. 		#初始化外星人并设置其起始位置
  10. 		super(Alien,self).__init__()
  11. 		self.screen=screen
  12. 		self.ai_settings=ai_settings
  13. 		#加载外星人图像
  14. 		self.image=pygame.image.load('images/alien.bmp')
  15. 		self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
  16. 		#每个外星人最初都在屏幕左上角
  17. 		self.rect.x=self.rect.width
  18. 		self.rect.y=self.rect.height
  19. 		#存储外星人的准确位置
  20. 		self.x=float(self.rect.x)
  21. 	def blitme(self):
  22. 		self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)
  23. 	def check_edges(self):
  24. 		screen_rect=self.screen.get_rect()
  25. 		if self.rect.right>=screen_rect.right:
  26. 			return True
  27. 		elif self.rect.left<=0:
  28. 			return True
  29. 	def update(self):
  30. 		self.x+=(self.ai_settings.alien_speed_factor*self.ai_settings.fleet_direction)
  31. 		self.rect.x=self.x
  1. #  alien_invasion.py
  2. #  Copyright 2021
  3. #  20211107
  4.  
  5. import sys
  6. import pygame
  7. from pygame.sprite import Group
  8. from settings import Settings
  9. from game_stats import GameStats
  10. from scoreboard import Scoreboard
  11. from button import Button
  12. from ship import Ship
  13. from alien import Alien
  14. import game_functions as gf
  15.  
  16. def run_game():
  17. 	#初始化pygame 设置和屏幕对象
  18.     pygame.init()
  19.     ai_settings=Settings()
  20.     screen=pygame.display.set_mode((ai_settings.screen_width,ai_settings.screen_height))
  21.     pygame.display.set_caption("Alien Invasion")
  22.     #创建一个用于存储游戏统计信息的实例
  23.     stats=GameStats(ai_settings)
  24.     sb=Scoreboard(ai_settings,screen,stats)
  25. 	#创建Play按钮
  26.     play_button=Button(ai_settings,screen,"Play")
  27.     bg_color=(230,230,230)
  28. 	#创建一艘飞船
  29.     ship=Ship(ai_settings,screen)
  30.     bullets=Group()
  31.     aliens=Group()
  32.     #创建外星人群
  33.     gf.create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens)
  34.     
  35. 	#开始游戏主循环
  36.     while True:
  37.         gf.check_events(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets)
  38.         if stats.game_active:
  39.             ship.update()
  40.             gf.update_bullets(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)
  41.             gf.update_aliens(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)
  42.         gf.update_screen(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets,play_button)		
  43. run_game()

  1. # bullet.py
  2. #  
  3. #  Copyright 2021
  4. #  
  5. import pygame
  6. from pygame.sprite import Sprite
  7. class Bullet(Sprite):
  8.     def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, ship):
  9.         super(Bullet,self).__init__()
  10.         self.screen = screen
  11.         self.rect = pygame.Rect(0,0, ai_settings.bullet_width, ai_settings.bullet_height)
  12.         self.rect.centerx = ship.rect.centerx
  13.         self.rect.top = ship.rect.top
  14.         self.y = float(self.rect.y)
  15.         self.color = ai_settings.bullet_color
  16.         self.speed_factor = ai_settings.bullet_speed_factor
  17.     def update(self):
  18.         self.y-=self.speed_factor
  19.         self.rect.y=self.y
  20.     def draw_bullet(self):
  21.         pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, self.color, self.rect)
  1. #  button.py
  2. #  
  3. #  Copyright 2021
  4. #  20211107
  5. #  
  6. import pygame.font
  7. class Button():
  8. 	def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen,msg):
  9. 		self.screen=screen
  10. 		self.screen_rect=screen.get_rect()
  11. 		self.width,self.height=200,50
  12. 		self.button_color=(0,255,0)
  13. 		self.text_color=(255,255,255)
  14. 		self.font=pygame.font.SysFont(None,48)
  15. 		self.rect=pygame.Rect(0,0,self.width,self.height)
  16. 		self.rect.center=self.screen_rect.center
  17. 		self.prep_msg(msg)
  18. 	def prep_msg(self,msg):
  19. 	    self.msg_image=self.font.render(msg,True,self.text_color,self.button_color)
  20. 	    self.msg_image_rect=self.msg_image.get_rect()
  21. 	    self.msg_image_rect.center=self.rect.center
  22. 	def draw_button(self):
  23. 		self.screen.fill(self.button_color,self.rect)
  24. 		self.screen.blit(self.msg_image,self.msg_image_rect)

  1. #  game_functions.py
  2. #  Copyright 2021 
  3. #  
  4. import sys
  5. from time import sleep
  6. import pygame
  7. from bullet import Bullet
  8. from alien import Alien
  9.  
  10. def check_keydown_events(event,ai_settings,screen,ship,bullets):
  11.     if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
  12.         ship.moving_right=True
  13.     elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
  14.         ship.moving_left=True
  15.     elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
  16.         fire_bullet(ai_settings,screen,ship,bullets)
  17.     elif event.key==pygame.K_q:
  18.         sys.exit()
  19. def fire_bullet(ai_settings,screen,ship,bullets):
  20.     if len(bullets)<ai_settings.bullets_allowed:
  21.         new_bullet = Bullet(ai_settings,screen,ship)
  22.         bullets.add(new_bullet)
  23. def check_keyup_events(event,ship):				
  24.     if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
  25.         ship.moving_right=False
  26.     elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
  27.         ship.moving_left=False				
  28. 				
  29. def check_events(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets):
  30.     for event in pygame.event.get():
  31.         if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
  32.             sys.exit()
  33.         elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
  34.             check_keydown_events(event,ai_settings,screen,ship,bullets)
  35.         elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
  36.            check_keyup_events(event,ship)
  37.         elif event.type==pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
  38.             mouse_x,mouse_y=pygame.mouse.get_pos()
  39.             check_play_button(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets,mouse_x,mouse_y)
  40. def check_play_button(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets,mouse_x,mouse_y):
  41.     button_clicked=play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_x,mouse_y)
  42.     if button_clicked and not stats.game_active:
  43.         #重置游戏设置
  44.         ai_settings.initialize_dynamic_settings()
  45.         #隐藏光标
  46.         pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
  47.         #重置游戏统计信息
  48.         stats.reset_stats()
  49.         stats.game_active=True
  50.         #重置记分牌图像
  51.         sb.prep_score()
  52.         sb.prep_high_score()
  53.         sb.prep_level()
  54. 		#清空外星人列表和子弹列表
  55.         aliens.empty()
  56.         bullets.empty()
  57. 		#创建一群新的外星人，并让飞船居中
  58.         create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens)
  59.         ship.center_ship()
  60. def update_screen(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets,play_button):
  61. 	screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color)
  62. 	for bullet in bullets.sprites():
  63. 		bullet.draw_bullet()
  64. 	ship.blitme()
  65. 	aliens.draw(screen)
  66. 	sb.show_score()
  67. 	if not stats.game_active:
  68. 		play_button.draw_button()
  69. 	pygame.display.flip()
  70. def update_bullets(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):
  71.     bullets.update()
  72.     for bullet in bullets.copy():
  73.         if bullet.rect.bottom<=0:
  74.             bullets.remove(bullet)
  75.     check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)
  76. def check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):
  77.     collisions=pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets,aliens,True,True)
  78.     if collisions:
  79.         for aliens in collisions.values():
  80.             stats.score+=ai_settings.alien_points*len(aliens)
  81.             sb.prep_score()
  82.         check_high_score(stats,sb)
  83.     if len(aliens)==0:
  84.         bullets.empty()
  85.         ai_settings.increase_speed()
  86.         #提高等级
  87.         stats.level+=1
  88.         sb.prep_level()
  89.         create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens)
  90. def get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings,alien_width):
  91. 	available_space_x=ai_settings.screen_width - 2*alien_width
  92. 	number_aliens_x=int(available_space_x /(2*alien_width))
  93. 	return number_aliens_x
  94. def get_number_rows(ai_settings,ship_height,alien_height):
  95. 	available_space_y=(ai_settings.screen_height-(3*alien_height)-ship_height)
  96. 	number_rows=int(available_space_y / (2*alien_height))
  97. 	return number_rows
  98. def create_alien(ai_settings,screen,aliens,alien_number,row_number):
  99. 	alien=Alien(ai_settings,screen)
  100. 	alien_width=alien.rect.width
  101. 	alien.x=alien_width+2*alien_width*alien_number
  102. 	alien.rect.y=alien.rect.height+2*alien.rect.height*row_number
  103. 	alien.rect.x=alien.x
  104. 	aliens.add(alien)
  105. def create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens):
  106. 	#创建第一行外星人
  107. 	alien=Alien(ai_settings,screen)
  108. 	number_aliens_x=get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings,alien.rect.width)
  109. 	number_rows=get_number_rows(ai_settings,ship.rect.height,alien.rect.height)
  110. 	for row_number in range(number_rows):
  111. 	    for alien_number in range(number_aliens_x):
  112. 		    create_alien(ai_settings,screen,aliens,alien_number,row_number)
  113. def check_fleet_edges(ai_settings,aliens):
  114. 	for alien in aliens.sprites():
  115. 		if alien.check_edges():
  116. 			change_fleet_direction(ai_settings,aliens)
  117. 			break
  118. def change_fleet_direction(ai_settings,aliens):
  119. 	for alien in aliens.sprites():
  120. 		alien.rect.y+=ai_settings.fleet_drop_speed
  121. 	ai_settings.fleet_direction*=-1
  122. def ship_hit(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):
  123. 	if stats.ships_left>0:
  124. 	    stats.ships_left-=1
  125. 	    #更新记分牌
  126. 	    sb.prep_ships()
  127. 	    aliens.empty()
  128. 	    bullets.empty()
  129. 	    create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens)
  130. 	    ship.center_ship()
  131. 	    sleep(0.5)
  132. 	else:
  133. 		stats.game_active=False
  134. 		pygame.mouse.set_visible(True)
  135. def check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):
  136. 	screen_rect=screen.get_rect()
  137. 	for alien in aliens.sprites():
  138. 		if alien.rect.bottom>=screen_rect.bottom:
  139. 			ship_hit(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)
  140. 			break
  141. def update_aliens(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):
  142. 	check_fleet_edges(ai_settings,aliens)
  143. 	aliens.update()  
  144. 	if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(ship,aliens):
  145. 		ship_hit(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)
  146. 	check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)
  147. def check_high_score(stats,sb):
  148. 	if stats.score>stats.high_score:
  149. 		stats.high_score=stats.score
  150. 		sb.prep_high_score()

  1. #  game_stats.py
  2. #  
  3. #  Copyright 2021 
  4. #  20211107
  5. #  
  6.  
  7. class GameStats():
  8. 	def __init__(self,ai_settings):
  9. 		self.ai_settings=ai_settings
  10. 		self.reset_stats()
  11. 		#让游戏一开始处于非激活状态
  12. 		self.game_active=False
  13. 		#任何情况下都不应该重置最高得分
  14. 		self.high_score=0
  15. 	def reset_stats(self):
  16. 		self.ships_left=self.ai_settings.ship_limit
  17. 		self.score=0
  18. 		self.level=1

  1. #  scoreboard.py
  2. #  
  3. #  Copyright 2021 
  4. #  20211109 
  5. import pygame.font
  6. from pygame.sprite import Group
  7. from ship import Ship
  8. class Scoreboard():
  9. 	#显示得分信息的类
  10.     def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen,stats):
  11.         self.screen=screen
  12.         self.screen_rect=screen.get_rect()
  13.         self.ai_settings=ai_settings
  14.         self.stats=stats
  15. 		#显示得分信息时使用的字体设置
  16.         self.text_color=(30,30,30)
  17.         self.font=pygame.font.SysFont(None,48)
  18. 		#准备初始得分图像
  19.         self.prep_score()
  20.         self.prep_high_score()
  21.         self.prep_level()
  22.         self.prep_ships()
  23.     def prep_score(self):
  24.         score_str=str(self.stats.score)
  25.         rounded_score=int(round(self.stats.score,-1))
  26.         score_str="{:,}".format(rounded_score)
  27.         self.score_image=self.font.render(score_str,True,self.text_color,self.ai_settings.bg_color)
  28.         #将得分放在右上角
  29.         self.score_rect=self.score_image.get_rect()
  30.         self.score_rect.right=self.screen_rect.right-20
  31.         self.score_rect.top=20
  32.     def prep_high_score(self):
  33.         high_score=int(round(self.stats.high_score,-1))
  34.         high_score_str="{:,}".format(high_score)
  35.         self.high_score_image=self.font.render(high_score_str,True,self.text_color,self.ai_settings.bg_color)
  36.         #将最高得分放在中央
  37.         self.high_score_rect=self.high_score_image.get_rect()
  38.         self.high_score_rect.centerx=self.screen_rect.centerx
  39.         self.high_score_rect.top=self.score_rect.top
  40.     def prep_level(self):
  41.         self.level_image=self.font.render(str(self.stats.level),True,self.text_color,self.ai_settings.bg_color)
  42. 	    #将等级放在得分的下方
  43.         self.level_rect=self.level_image.get_rect()
  44.         self.level_rect.right=self.score_rect.right
  45.         self.level_rect.top=self.score_rect.bottom+10
  46.     def show_score(self):
  47.         self.screen.blit(self.score_image,self.score_rect)
  48.         self.screen.blit(self.high_score_image,self.high_score_rect)
  49.         self.screen.blit(self.level_image,self.level_rect)	
  50.         self.ships.draw(self.screen)
  51.     def prep_ships(self):
  52.         self.ships=Group()
  53.         for ship_number in range(self.stats.ships_left):
  54.             ship=Ship(self.ai_settings,self.screen)
  55.             ship.rect.x=10+ship_number*ship.rect.width
  56.             ship.rect.y=10
  57.             self.ships.add(ship)
  1. #  settings.py
  2. #  Copyright 2021 
  3.  
  4. class Settings():
  5.     def __init__(self):
  6.         self.screen_width=1200
  7.         self.screen_height=600
  8.         self.bg_color=(230,230,230)
  9.         self.ship_limit=2
  10. 		#子弹设置
  11.         self.bullet_width = 5
  12.         self.bullet_height = 15
  13.         self.bullet_color = 60, 60 ,60
  14.         self.bullets_allowed=3
  15.         self.fleet_drop_speed=4
  16.         self.speedup_scale=1.1
  17.         self.score_scale=1.5
  18.         self.initialize_dynamic_settings()
  19.     def initialize_dynamic_settings(self):
  20. 	    #随着游戏运行，这些参数会发生变化
  21.         self.ship_speed_factor=2
  22.         self.bullet_speed_factor = 3
  23.         self.alien_speed_factor=0.5
  24.         self.fleet_direction=1
  25. 		#1表示向右移动，-1表示向左移动
  26.         self.alien_points=50
  27.     def increase_speed(self):
  28. 	    self.ship_speed_factor*=self.speedup_scale
  29. 	    self.bullet_speed_factor*=self.speedup_scale
  30. 	    self.alien_speed_factor*=self.speedup_scale
  31. 	    self.alien_points=int(self.alien_points*self.score_scale)

  1. #  ship.py
  2. #  Copyright 2021 
  3. #  
  4. import pygame
  5. from pygame.sprite import Sprite
  6. class Ship(Sprite):
  7.     def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen):
  8.         super(Ship,self).__init__()
  9.         self.screen=screen
  10.         self.ai_settings=ai_settings
  11.         self.image=pygame.image.load('images/ship.bmp')
  12.         self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
  13.         self.screen_rect=screen.get_rect()
  14.         self.rect.centerx=self.screen_rect.centerx
  15.         self.rect.bottom=self.screen_rect.bottom
  16.         self.center=float(self.rect.centerx)	
  17.         self.moving_right=False
  18.         self.moving_left=False
  19.     def update(self):
  20.         if self.moving_right and self.rect.right < self.screen_rect.right:
  21.             self.center+=self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor
  22.         if self.moving_left and self.rect.left >0:
  23.             self.center-=self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor
  24.         self.rect.centerx=self.center
  25.     def blitme(self):
  26.         self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)
  27.     def center_ship(self):
  28.         self.center=self.screen_rect.centerx

声明：本文内容由网友自发贡献，不代表【wpsshop博客】立场，版权归原作者所有，本站不承担相应法律责任。如您发现有侵权的内容，请联系我们。转载请注明出处：https://www.wpsshop.cn/w/Li_阴宅/article/detail/785394
推荐阅读
相关标签

Copyright © 2003-2013 www.wpsshop.cn 版权所有，并保留所有权利。

  

闽ICP备14008679号