赞
踩
Java解析、生成Excel比较有名的框架有Apache poi、jxl。但他们都存在一个严重的问题就是非常的耗内存,poi有一套SAX模式的API可以一定程度的解决一些内存溢出的问题,但POI还是有一些缺陷,比如07版Excel解压缩以及解压后存储都是在内存中完成的,内存消耗依然很大。
easyexcel重写了poi对07版Excel的解析,一个3M的excel用POI sax解析依然需要100M左右内存,改用easyexcel可以降低到几M,并且再大的excel也不会出现内存溢出;03版依赖POI的sax模式,在上层做了模型转换的封装,让使用者更加简单方便。
常规POI解析Excel生成的WorkBook对象时,内存占用特别大,很容易造成系统内存溢出,本工具类可以实现Excel写入并下载到浏览器、Excel读取到集合入库,表格列不固定时,也可。
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId>
<version>2.0.5</version>
</dependency>
import com.alibaba.excel.EasyExcel; import com.alibaba.excel.context.AnalysisContext; import com.alibaba.excel.event.AnalysisEventListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URLEncoder; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; @Component public class EasyExcelUtil<T> { private List<Map<Integer, String>> dataList = new ArrayList<>(); private List<T> dataEntityList = new ArrayList<>(); /** 根据文件路径读取表格文件 * @param filePath 文件路径 * @param headRowNumber 读取行数 0代表从第一行开始读取 * @return List<Map<Integer, String>> */ public List<Map<Integer, String>> excelReadFilePath(String filePath, Integer headRowNumber) { ExcelDataListener listener = new ExcelDataListener(); EasyExcel.read(filePath).sheet().registerReadListener(listener).headRowNumber(headRowNumber).doRead(); return dataList; } /** * 根据文件对象读取表格文件 * @param file 文件对象 * @param headRowNumber 读取行数 0代表从第一行开始读取 * @return List<Map<Integer, String>> */ public List<Map<Integer, String>> excelReadFile(File file, Integer headRowNumber) { ExcelDataListener listener = new ExcelDataListener(); EasyExcel.read(file).sheet().registerReadListener(listener).headRowNumber(headRowNumber).doRead(); return dataList; } /** * 根据文件路径读取表格文件,实体类映射 * 实体类需要使用注解 @ExcelProperty("对应表格列名") * @ExcelIgnore 忽略字段 * @param filePath 文件路径 * @param headRowNumber 读取行数 0代表从第一行开始读取 * @param t 对应实体类 * @return List<T> */ public List<T> excelReadFilePathByEntity(String filePath, Integer headRowNumber, Class<T> t) { EasyExcel.read(filePath, t, new ExcelDataEntityListener()).sheet().headRowNumber(headRowNumber).doRead(); return dataEntityList; } /** * * @param file 文件对象 * @param headRowNumber 读取行数 0代表从第一行开始读取 * @param t 对应实体类 * @return List<T> */ public List<T> excelReadFileByEntity(File file, Integer headRowNumber, T t) { EasyExcel.read(file, (Class) t, new ExcelDataEntityListener()).sheet().headRowNumber(headRowNumber).doRead(); return dataEntityList; } /** * 监听每一行数据 */ class ExcelDataEntityListener extends AnalysisEventListener<T> { @Override public void invoke(T t, AnalysisContext analysisContext) { dataEntityList.add(t); } @Override public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext analysisContext) { dataEntityList.forEach(System.out::println); } } /** * 监听数据 */ class ExcelDataListener extends AnalysisEventListener<Map<Integer, String>> { @Override public void invoke(Map<Integer, String> rowData, AnalysisContext analysisContext) { //处理读取的每一行数据,rowData为包含一行Excel数据的map集合 dataList.add(rowData); } @Override public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext analysisContext) { /*dataList.forEach(map->map.forEach((index,value)->{ System.out.println(index+"--->"+value);//数据打印 }));*/ } } /** * 写入数据到Excel表格,并下载到浏览器 * 入参第一个List为行,0代表第一行,第二个List每一列数据 * 需保证标题列与数列对应,防止数错行 * @param response 响应流 * @param fileName 下载到浏览器的文件名 * @param sheetName sheet页名 * @param header 标题行 * @param data 每一行数据 * @throws IOException */ public void writeFileToBrowser(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, String sheetName, List<List<String>> header, List<List<String>> data) throws IOException { response.setHeader("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "binary'"); response.setHeader("'Cache-Control", "must-revalidate,post-check=0,pre-check=0"); response.setHeader("Pragma", "public"); response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet;charset-UTF-8"); fileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8");//解决中文乱码 String header_body = "inline; filename=" + fileName + "; filename*=utf-8" + fileName; response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", header_body); EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream()) .head(header) .autoCloseStream(Boolean.FALSE) .sheet(sheetName) .doWrite(data); } /** * 写入数据到Excel表格,并下载到浏览器 * 需有对应实体类 * * @param response 响应流 * @param fileName 下载到浏览器的文件名 * @param sheetName sheet页名 * @param header 标题行对应实体类 * @param data 每一行数据 实体类集合 * @throws IOException */ public void writeFileToBrowserByEntity(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, String sheetName, Class<T> header, List<T> data) throws IOException { response.setHeader("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "binary'"); response.setHeader("'Cache-Control", "must-revalidate,post-check=0,pre-check=0"); response.setHeader("Pragma", "public"); response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet;charset-UTF-8"); fileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8");//解决中文乱码 String header_body = "inline; filename=" + fileName + "; filename*=utf-8" + fileName; response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", header_body); EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream(),header) .head((Class) header) .autoCloseStream(Boolean.FALSE) .sheet(sheetName) .doWrite(data); } }
写操作,有实体类映射时,需加注解@ExcelProperty(“对应表格列名”),不需要导出的列用注解@ExcelIgnore忽略,对于没有固定列,数据列不确定需转化为List ,第一个list为行,第二个list为列,标题行中,每一个列为一个List
,需保证标题列与数据列顺序一致,避免标题与数据错乱,数据库查询的数据可用List<LinkHashMap<String,String>>接收,确保数据顺序可控,在转为List<List>。
@Autowired
private EasyExcelUtil easyExcelUtil;
/**
* 无实体类读取Excel
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("easyExcelRead1")
public List<Map<Integer, String>> easyExcelRead1(){
List<Map<Integer, String>> list = easyExcelUtil.excelReadFilePath("C:\\Users\\LJW\\Desktop\\11.xlsx", 1);
list.forEach(System.out::println);
return list;
}
运行结果
2.有实体类映射读取
password不读取,用注解@ExcelIgnore标识
import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelIgnore; import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty; public class UserInfo { @ExcelProperty("姓名") private String name; @ExcelProperty("性别") private String sex; @ExcelProperty("身高") private String height; @ExcelProperty("年龄") private String age; @ExcelProperty("班级") private String classes; @ExcelIgnore private String password; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getSex() { return sex; } public void setSex(String sex) { this.sex = sex; } public String getHeight() { return height; } public void setHeight(String height) { this.height = height; } public String getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(String age) { this.age = age; } public String getClasses() { return classes; } public void setClasses(String classes) { this.classes = classes; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } @Override public String toString() { return "UserInfo{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", sex='" + sex + '\'' + ", height='" + height + '\'' + ", age='" + age + '\'' + ", classes='" + classes + '\'' + ", password='" + password + '\'' + '}'; } }
/**
* 有实体类读取Excel
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("easyExcelRead2")
public List<UserInfo> easyExcelRead2(){
List<UserInfo> list = easyExcelUtil.excelReadFilePathByEntity("C:\\Users\\LJW\\Desktop\\11.xlsx", 1,UserInfo.class);
list.forEach(System.out::println);
return list;
}
需要注意标题行List的格式,每一列是一个List
[
[
姓名
]
,
[
性别
]
,
[
身高
]
,
[
年龄
]
,
[
班级
]
]
[[姓名], [性别], [身高], [年龄], [班级]]
[[姓名],[性别],[身高],[年龄],[班级]]
/** * 无实体类写入Excel * @return */ @GetMapping("easyExcelWrite1") public void easyExcelWrite1(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { List header =new ArrayList(); List list1 =new ArrayList(Arrays.asList("姓名","性别","身高","年龄","班级")); list1.forEach(str->{ List list = new ArrayList(); list.add(str); header.add(list); }); List data =new ArrayList(); List list2 =new ArrayList(Arrays.asList("张三","男","178cm","17","一班")); data.add(list2); easyExcelUtil.writeFileToBrowser(response,"导出文件.xlsx","sheetName",header,data);//不写标题行,header可传null }
4.有实体类映射的写入并下载到浏览器
/**
* 有实体类读取Excel
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("easyExcelWrite2")
public void easyExcelWrite2(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
UserInfo data = new UserInfo("张三","男","178cm","17","一班");
List list = new ArrayList();
list.add(data);
easyExcelUtil.writeFileToBrowserByEntity(response,"导出文件.xlsx","sheetName",UserInfo.class,list);//不写标题行,header可传null
}
Copyright © 2003-2013 www.wpsshop.cn 版权所有,并保留所有权利。