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prometheus+grafana告警，监控部署展示_prometheus+grafana监控url地址

作者：天景科技苑 | 2024-07-04 15:50:44

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prometheus+grafana监控url地址

服务器信息

监控服务器
目录：/home/monitor/
nginx代理服务器
配置文件：/home/nginx/con.d/monitor

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被监控服务器服务部署 数据采集

#客户端
#node-exporter主机监控 修改对应主机名
docker run -d --name node-exporter -h 主机名 --restart=always -p 9100:9100 -v "/proc:/host/proc:ro" -v "/sys:/host/sys:ro" -v "/:/rootfs:ro" prom/node-exporter
#访问url：
http://127.0.0.1:9100/metrics

#启动cadvisor容器监控 修改对应主机名
docker run -d --name=cadvisor --restart=always -h 主机名 -v /:/rootfs:ro -v /var/run:/var/run:rw -v /sys:/sys:ro -v /var/lib/docker/:/var/lib/docker:ro -v /dev/disk/:/dev/disk:ro -p 9200:8080  google/cadvisor:latest
#访问url：
http://127.0.0.1:9200/metrics

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监控服务器部署

#启动prometheus
mkdir /home/monitor/prometheus/
cd /home/monitor/prometheus/
vim prometheus.yml
docker run  -d --name prometheus --restart=always -p 9090:9090 -v /home/monitor/prometheus/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml -v /home/monitor/prometheus/data:/prometheus prom/prometheus
#访问url：
http://0.0.0.0:9090/graph


#启动grafana
mkdir /home/monitor/grafana-storage
chmod 777 -R /home/monitor/grafana-storage
docker run -d --name grafana --restart=always -p 5000:3000 --name=grafana -v /home/monitor/grafana-storage:/var/lib/grafana  grafana/grafana
#访问url默认认的用户名和密码都是admin
http://127.0.0.1:3000/


#创建告警规则
docker cp /home/monitor/prometheus/rules/  prometheus:/etc/prometheus/
docker restart prometheus
http://0.0.0.0:9090/rules #验证页面，查看告警规则是否加上


#新增钉钉机器人
#alertmanager告警接收转发器
docker run -d --name alertmanager -p 9093:9093  -v /home/monitor/alertmanager:/etc/alertmanager/   quay.io/prometheus/alertmanager --config.file=/etc/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml


#webhook-dingding钉钉告警插件
docker run -d --restart always -p 9060:8060 --name webhook-dingding  -v /home/monitor/webhookdingding/dingding.tmpl:/opt/dingding.tmpl timonwong/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk:v1.4.0  --ding.profile="webhook1=https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=aaaa" --template.file="/opt/dingding.tmpl"
#测试钉钉消息发送
curl -XPOST http://127.0.0.1:9093/api/v1/alerts -d '[
{
"labels": {
"alertname": "DiskRunningFull",
"dev": "sda1",
"instance": "中文测试",
"route": "WEBHOOK"
},
"annotations": {
"info": "The disk sda1 is running full",
"summary": "please check the instance example1"
}
}
]'

#启动blackbox  监测 http tcp icmp
docker run  -d --restart always --name blackbox_exporter -p 9115:9115  -v /home/monitor/blackbox/config.yml:/etc/blackbox_exporter/config.yml prom/blackbox-exporter  --config.file=/etc/blackbox_exporter/config.yml



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prometheus配置文件

# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
       - alertmanagerip:9093
# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
  - "rules/*.yml"
  # - "first_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: "prometheus"
    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.

    static_configs:
    - targets: ["prometheusip:9090"]
  # Create a job for Docker daemon.
  #
  # This example requires Docker daemon to be configured to expose
  # Prometheus metrics, as documented here:
  # https://docs.docker.com/config/daemon/prometheus/
  - job_name: 'mysqld-exporter'
    scrape_interval: 10s
    #metrics_path: /metrics
    static_configs:
      - targets: []
        labels:
          instance: 


         
  - job_name: "容器集群1 test"
    static_configs:
     - targets: ["被监控服务1:9200","被监控服务2:9200","被监控服务3:9200"]
       labels:
         instance: "docker"
    relabel_configs:
     - source_labels: [__address__]
       target_label: instance
  - job_name: "容器集群2 sim"
    static_configs:
     - targets: ["被监控服务1:9200","被监控服务2:9200","被监控服务3:9200"]
       labels:
         instance: "docker"
    relabel_configs:
     - source_labels: [__address__]
       target_label: instance       
  - job_name: "容器集群3 pro"
    static_configs:
     - targets: ["被监控服务1:9200","被监控服务2:9200","被监控服务3:9200"]
       labels:
         instance: "docker"
    relabel_configs:
     - source_labels: [__address__]
       target_label: instance
 


  - job_name: "主机集群1"
    static_configs:
    - targets: ["被监控服务1:9100","被监控服务2:9100","被监控服务3:9100"]
      labels:
        instance: "host"
    relabel_configs:
    - source_labels: [__address__]
      target_label: instance

  - job_name: "主机集群2"
    static_configs:
    - targets: ["被监控服务1:9100","被监控服务2:9100","被监控服务3:9100"]
      labels:
        instance: "host"
    relabel_configs:
    - source_labels: [__address__]
      target_label: instance

  - job_name: "主机集群3"
    static_configs:
    - targets: ["被监控服务1:9100","被监控服务2:9100","被监控服务3:9100"]
      labels:
        instance: "host"
    relabel_configs:
    - source_labels: [__address__]
      target_label: instance


  - job_name: 'icmp监控'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
       module: [icmp]
    static_configs:
      - targets: ["被监控ip1","被监控ip2","被监控ip3"]
        labels:
          instance: node_status
          group: 'node'
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: blackboxIP:9115

  - job_name: 'tcp监控'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [tcp_connect]
    static_configs:
      - targets: ["被监控ip1:端口","被监控ip2:端口","被监控ip3:端口"]
        labels:
          instance: 'port_status'
          group: 'tcp'
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: blackboxIP:9115

  - job_name: 'web监控'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [http_2xx]
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - https://aaa.com被监控站点
        - https://bbb.com被监控站点
        - https://ccc.com被监控站点
        labels:
          instance: dev_web_status
          group: 'web'
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: blackboxIP:9115

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容器告警规则

groups:
- name: docker容器报警规则
  rules:
  - alert: 容器CPU使用率
    expr: (sum(rate(container_cpu_usage_seconds_total{name=~".+",image!=""}[3m])) BY (instance, name) * 100) > 80
    for: 2m
    labels:
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      summary: Container CPU usage (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
      description: "集群{{ $labels.job }}容器{{ $labels.name }} CPU使用率 超过 80%,当前值:{{ $value }}"

  - alert: 容器内存使用率
    expr: (sum(container_memory_working_set_bytes {name=~".+",image!=""} ) BY (instance, name) / sum(container_spec_memory_limit_bytes {name=~".+",image!=""} > 0) BY (instance, name) * 100) > 80
    for: 2m
    labels:
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      summary: Container Memory usage (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
      description: "集群{{ $labels.job }}容器{{$labels.name}} 的内存使用率超过了80%，当前值为{{ $value }}"

      #  - alert: 容器磁盘使用率
      #    expr: (1 - (sum(container_fs_inodes_free {name=~".+",image!=""} ) BY (instance,name) / sum(container_fs_inodes_total {name=~".+",image!=""}) BY(instance,name))) * 100 > 80
      #    for: 2m
      #    labels:
      #      severity: warning
      #    annotations:
      #      summary: Container Volume usage (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
      #      description: "集群{{ $labels.job }}容器{{$labels.name}} 的磁盘使用率超过80%,当前值为{{ $value }}"

  - alert: 容器磁盘IO
    expr: (sum(container_fs_io_current {name=~".+",image!=""}) BY (instance, name) * 100) > 80
    for: 2m
    labels:
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      summary: Container Volume IO usage (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
      description: "集群{{ $labels.job }}容器{{$labels.name}} 的磁盘IO超过80%,当前值为:{{ $value }}"

  - alert: 容器消失
    expr: rate(container_last_seen{name!=""}[1m]) < 0.5
    # expr: time() - container_last_seen > 60
    # expr: absent(container_last_seen)
    for: 0m
    labels:
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      summary: Container killed (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
      description: "集群{{ $labels.job }}容器{{$labels.name}} 已被删除或停止，请检查"

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主机告警规则

groups:
- name: 服务器报警规则
  rules:
  - alert: 服务器磁盘空间
    expr: (node_filesystem_avail_bytes * 100) / node_filesystem_size_bytes < 10 and ON (instance, device, mountpoint) node_filesystem_readonly == 0
    for: 2m
    labels:
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      summary: Host out of disk space (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
      description: "{{$labels.instance}} 的磁盘空间 小于10%, 目前占用{{$value}}"

  - alert: 服务器CPU负载
    expr: 100 - (avg by(instance) (rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode="idle"}[2m])) * 100) > 80
    for: 0m
    labels:
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      summary: Host high CPU load (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
      description: "{{$labels.instance}}CPU负载大于80%,目前负载:{{$value}}"

  - alert: 节点负载
    expr: (node_load5 > 5)
    for: 2m
    labels:
      severity: critical
    annotations:
      description: "{{$labels.instance}}的负载过高，告警阈值:5 当前负载:{{$value}}"
      summary: '{{$labels.instance}}: High Load : {{ $value }}'

  - alert: 服务器是否在线
    for: 0s
    expr: avg_over_time(up{instance=~"$instance"}[10s]) < 0.5
    labels:
        serverity: critical
    annotations:
        description: "{{ $labels.instance }} 宕机超过5分钟,当前值:{{ $value }}"
        summary: "node explorter value equle 0"

  - alert: 服务器网络传输异常
    expr: rate(node_network_transmit_errs_total[2m]) / rate(node_network_transmit_packets_total[2m]) > 0.01
    for: 2m
    labels:
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      summary: Host Network Transmit Errors (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
      description: "服务器 {{ $labels.instance }} 在过去5分钟内有网络传输错误"

  - alert: 服务器连接数
    expr: node_nf_conntrack_entries / node_nf_conntrack_entries_limit > 0.8
    for: 5m
    labels:
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      summary: Host conntrack limit (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
      description: "{{ $labels.instance }} 的连接数 接近极限,目前连接数为value:{{$value}}"

  - alert: 服务器内存
    expr: node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes / node_memory_MemTotal_bytes * 100 < 20
    for: 2m
    labels:
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      summary: Host out of memory (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
      description: "{{$labels.instance}} 的内存剩余小于10%,目前占用{{$value}}"

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http告警规则

groups:
- name: http_status
  rules:
  - alert: 返回状态码异常
    expr: probe_http_status_code > 399
    for: 1m
    labels:
      user: prometheus
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      description: "{{ $labels.instance }} of job {{ $labels.job }}  {{ $value }}  网页异常"
  - alert: 证书有效期少于30天
    expr: probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry - time() < 86400 * 30
    for: 10m
    labels:
      user: prometheus
      severity: warning
    annotations:
      description: "{{ $labels.instance }} of job {{ $labels.job }}  {{ $value }}  证书快到期"
  - alert: tcp-icmp-http
    expr: probe_success == 0
    for: 1m
    labels:
      severity: critical
    annotations:
      summary: "节点 {{ $labels.instance }}  有问题"
      description: "节点 {{ $labels.instance }}  有问题"

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alertmanager配置文件

global:
  resolve_timeout: 5m           # 在没有报警的情况下声明为已解决的时间
#  # 配置邮件发送信息
#  smtp_smarthost: 'smtp.test.com:465'
#  smtp_from: 'your_email'
#  smtp_auth_username: 'your_email'
#  smtp_auth_password: 'email_passwd'
#  smtp_hello: 'your_email'
#  smtp_require_tls: false

# 设置报警的分发策略
route:
  receiver: webhook1                    # 发送警报的接收者的名称，默认的receiver
  group_wait: 10s                       # 当一个新的报警分组被创建后，需要至少等待多久时间发送一组警报的通知
  group_interval: 1m            # 当第一个报警发送后，等待'group_interval'时间来发送新的一组报警信息
  repeat_interval: 24h          # 报警发送成功后，重新发送等待的时间
  group_by: ['alertname']       # 报警分组依据
#  #子路由，使用email发送
#  routes:
#  - receiver: email
#    match_re:
#      serverity : email  # label 匹配email
#    group_wait: 10s
# 定义警报接收者信息
receivers:
- name: webhook1                        # 与route匹配
  webhook_configs:
  - url: http://webhook-dingdingIP:9060/dingtalk/webhook1/send
    send_resolved: true         # 发送已解决通知

#- name: 'email'
#  email_configs:
#  - to: 'email@qq.com'
#    send_resolved: true

# 抑制规则配置
#inhibit_rules:
#  [ - <inhibit_rule> ... ]
#target_match:
#  [ <labelname>: <labelvalue>, ... ]
#target_match_re:
#  [ <labelname>: <regex>, ... ]
#source_match:
#  [ <labelname>: <labelvalue>, ... ]
#source_match_re:
#  [ <labelname>: <regex>, ... ]
#[ equal: '[' <labelname>, ... ']' ]

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webhook-dingding钉钉告警模版

{{ define "__subject" }}[{{ .Status | toUpper }}{{ if eq .Status "firing" }}:{{ .Alerts.Firing | len }}{{ end }}] {{ .GroupLabels.SortedPairs.Values | join " " }} {{ if gt (len .CommonLabels) (len .GroupLabels) }}({{ with .CommonLabels.Remove .GroupLabels.Names }}{{ .Values | join " " }}{{ end }}){{ end }}{{ end }}
{{ define "__alertmanagerURL" }}{{ $alertURL := "http://10.10.1.58:9093" }} {{- $alertURL -}}/#/alerts?receiver={{ .Receiver }}&tmp={{ .ExternalURL}}{{ end }}

{{ define "__text_alert_list" }}{{ range . }}
**Labels**
{{ range .Labels.SortedPairs }}> - {{ .Name }}: {{ .Value | markdown | html }}
{{ end }}
**Annotations**
{{ range .Annotations.SortedPairs }}> - {{ .Name }}: {{ .Value | markdown | html }}
{{ end }}
**Source:** [{{ .GeneratorURL }}]({{ .GeneratorURL }})
{{ end }}{{ end }}

{{/* Firing */}}

{{ define "default.__text_alert_list" }}{{ range . }}

**触发时间:** {{ dateInZone "2006.01.02 15:04:05" (.StartsAt) "Asia/Shanghai" }}

**摘要:** {{ .Annotations.summary }}

**描述:** {{ .Annotations.description }}

**监控:** [grafana](https://monitor.aaa.com)

**详情:**
{{ range .Labels.SortedPairs }}{{ if and (ne (.Name) "severity") (ne (.Name) "summary") }}> - {{ .Name }}: {{ .Value | markdown | html }}
{{ end }}{{ end }}
{{ end }}{{ end }}

{{/* Resolved */}}

{{ define "default.__text_resolved_list" }}{{ range . }}

**触发时间:** {{ dateInZone "2006.01.02 15:04:05" (.StartsAt) "Asia/Shanghai" }}

**解除时间:** {{ dateInZone "2006.01.02 15:04:05" (.EndsAt) "Asia/Shanghai" }}

**摘要:** {{ .Annotations.summary }}

**详情:**
{{ range .Labels.SortedPairs }}{{ if and (ne (.Name) "severity") (ne (.Name) "summary") }}> - {{ .Name }}: {{ .Value | markdown | html }}
{{ end }}{{ end }}
{{ end }}{{ end }}

{{/* Default */}}
{{ define "default.title" }}{{ template "__subject" . }}{{ end }}
{{ define "default.content" }}#### \[{{ .Status | toUpper }}{{ if eq .Status "firing" }}:{{ .Alerts.Firing | len }}{{ end }}\] **[{{ index .GroupLabels "alertname" }}]({{ template "__alertmanagerURL" . }})**
{{ if gt (len .Alerts.Firing) 0 -}}


**告警通知**
{{ template "default.__text_alert_list" .Alerts.Firing }}
{{- end }}
{{ if gt (len .Alerts.Resolved) 0 -}}


**告警解除**
{{ template "default.__text_resolved_list" .Alerts.Resolved }}
{{- end }}
{{- end }}

{{/* Legacy */}}
{{ define "legacy.title" }}{{ template "__subject" . }}{{ end }}
{{ define "legacy.content" }}#### \[{{ .Status | toUpper }}{{ if eq .Status "firing" }}:{{ .Alerts.Firing | len }}{{ end }}\] **[{{ index .GroupLabels "alertname" }}]({{ template "__alertmanagerURL" . }})**
{{ template "__text_alert_list" .Alerts.Firing }}
{{- end }}

{{/* Following names for compatibility */}}
{{ define "ding.link.title" }}{{ template "default.title" . }}{{ end }}
{{ define "ding.link.content" }}{{ template "default.content" . }}{{ end }}

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nginx代理配置文件

server {
	listen 80;

	server_name aaa.com;


	if ($scheme = http) {
		return 301 https://aaa.com$request_uri;
	}
}
server {
	listen       443 ssl;
        server_name  aaa.com;

    	ssl_certificate   ssl/aaa/7623463.com.pem;
    	ssl_certificate_key  ssl/aaa/7623463.com.key;
        ssl_session_timeout 5m;
        ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    location /robots.txt {
                add_header Content-Type text/plain;
                return 200 "User-agent: *\nDisallow: *";
        }

        location /  {
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_pass http://grafanaip:5000; 
	}

}

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grafana Dashbpards效果图 监控模版json有需要私聊

集群整体图
在这里插入图片描述

单台主机效果图
在这里插入图片描述

容器效果图

在这里插入图片描述

站点监控

在这里插入图片描述

告警效果图

在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述

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