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1+X操作题 OpenStack管理_使用提供的“all-in-one”镜像,自行检查openstack中各服务的状态,若有问题自行排

作者：小小林熬夜学编程 | 2024-03-05 15:27:16

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使用提供的“all-in-one”镜像,自行检查openstack中各服务的状态,若有问题自行排

一、使用VMWare软件启动提供的opensatckallinone镜像，自行检查openstack中各服务的状态，若有问题自行排查。使用Cinder服务，创建名为“ lvm”的卷类型，然后创建一块带“lvm” 标识的云硬盘，名称为 BlockVloume，大小为 2G，查询该云硬盘详细信息。完成后，将cinder show BlockVloume命令的返回结果以文本形式提交到答题框。

  1. [root@controller ~]# cinder type-create lvm
  2. +--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
  3. |                  ID                  | Name | Description | Is_Public |
  4. +--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
  5. | eaa7387b-5656-4fa7-b1d9-c47893ef47b9 | lvm  |      -      |    True   |
  6. +--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
  1. [root@controller ~]# cinder create --volume-type lvm --name BlockVloume 2
  2. +--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
  3. |            Property            |                Value                 |
  4. +--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
  5. |          attachments           |                  []                  |
  6. |       availability_zone        |                 nova                 |
  7. |            bootable            |                false                 |
  8. |      consistencygroup_id       |                 None                 |
  9. |           created_at           |      2022-06-05T18:39:12.000000      |
  10. |          description           |                 None                 |
  11. |           encrypted            |                False                 |
  12. |               id               | 70c77e00-093a-48ea-a9e7-f40d8db0d16b |
  13. |            metadata            |                  {}                  |
  14. |        migration_status        |                 None                 |
  15. |          multiattach           |                False                 |
  16. |              name              |             BlockVloume              |
  17. |     os-vol-host-attr:host      |                 None                 |
  18. | os-vol-mig-status-attr:migstat |                 None                 |
  19. | os-vol-mig-status-attr:name_id |                 None                 |
  20. |  os-vol-tenant-attr:tenant_id  |   f9ff39ba9daa4e5a8fee1fc50e2d2b34   |
  21. |       replication_status       |               disabled               |
  22. |              size              |                  2                   |
  23. |          snapshot_id           |                 None                 |
  24. |          source_volid          |                 None                 |
  25. |             status             |               creating               |
  26. |           updated_at           |                 None                 |
  27. |            user_id             |   0befa70f767848e39df8224107b71858   |
  28. |          volume_type           |                 lvm                  |
  29. +--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
  1. [root@controller ~]# cinder show BlockVloume
  2. +--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
  3. |            Property            |                Value                 |
  4. +--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
  5. |          attachments           |                  []                  |
  6. |       availability_zone        |                 nova                 |
  7. |            bootable            |                false                 |
  8. |      consistencygroup_id       |                 None                 |
  9. |           created_at           |      2022-06-05T18:39:12.000000      |
  10. |          description           |                 None                 |
  11. |           encrypted            |                False                 |
  12. |               id               | 70c77e00-093a-48ea-a9e7-f40d8db0d16b |
  13. |            metadata            |                  {}                  |
  14. |        migration_status        |                 None                 |
  15. |          multiattach           |                False                 |
  16. |              name              |             BlockVloume              |
  17. |     os-vol-host-attr:host      |          controller@lvm#LVM          |
  18. | os-vol-mig-status-attr:migstat |                 None                 |
  19. | os-vol-mig-status-attr:name_id |                 None                 |
  20. |  os-vol-tenant-attr:tenant_id  |   f9ff39ba9daa4e5a8fee1fc50e2d2b34   |
  21. |       replication_status       |               disabled               |
  22. |              size              |                  2                   |
  23. |          snapshot_id           |                 None                 |
  24. |          source_volid          |                 None                 |
  25. |             status             |              available               |
  26. |           updated_at           |      2022-06-05T18:39:12.000000      |
  27. |            user_id             |   0befa70f767848e39df8224107b71858   |
  28. |          volume_type           |                 lvm                  |
  29. +--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+

二、使用VMWare软件启动提供的opensatckallinone镜像，自行检查openstack中各服务的状态，若有问题自行排查。在xserver1节点的/root目录下存在一个cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img镜像；使用glance命令将镜像上传，并命名为mycirros，最后将glance image-show id命令的返回结果以文本形式提交到答题框。

  1. [root@controller ~]# glance image-create --name mycirros --file cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img --disk-format iso --container-format bare
  2. +------------------+--------------------------------------+
  3. | Property         | Value                                |
  4. +------------------+--------------------------------------+
  5. | checksum         | ee1eca47dc88f4879d8a229cc70a07c6     |
  6. | container_format | bare                                 |
  7. | created_at       | 2022-06-05T18:48:14Z                 |
  8. | disk_format      | iso                                  |
  9. | id               | 26ad703b-ea6d-4207-94f9-5b391a843c0a |
  10. | min_disk         | 0                                    |
  11. | min_ram          | 0                                    |
  12. | name             | mycirros                             |
  13. | owner            | f9ff39ba9daa4e5a8fee1fc50e2d2b34     |
  14. | protected        | False                                |
  15. | size             | 13287936                             |
  16. | status           | active                               |
  17. | tags             | []                                   |
  18. | updated_at       | 2022-06-05T18:48:15Z                 |
  19. | virtual_size     | None                                 |
  20. | visibility       | private                              |
  21. +------------------+--------------------------------------+
  1. [root@controller ~]# glance image-show 26ad703b-ea6d-4207-94f9-5b391a843c0a
  2. +------------------+--------------------------------------+
  3. | Property         | Value                                |
  4. +------------------+--------------------------------------+
  5. | checksum         | ee1eca47dc88f4879d8a229cc70a07c6     |
  6. | container_format | bare                                 |
  7. | created_at       | 2022-06-05T18:48:14Z                 |
  8. | disk_format      | iso                                  |
  9. | id               | 26ad703b-ea6d-4207-94f9-5b391a843c0a |
  10. | min_disk         | 0                                    |
  11. | min_ram          | 0                                    |
  12. | name             | mycirros                             |
  13. | owner            | f9ff39ba9daa4e5a8fee1fc50e2d2b34     |
  14. | protected        | False                                |
  15. | size             | 13287936                             |
  16. | status           | active                               |
  17. | tags             | []                                   |
  18. | updated_at       | 2022-06-05T18:48:15Z                 |
  19. | virtual_size     | None                                 |
  20. | visibility       | private                              |
  21. +------------------+--------------------------------------+

三、使用VMWare软件启动提供的opensatckallinone镜像，自行检查openstack中各服务的状态，若有问题自行排查。在dashboard界面创建云主机外部网络ext-net，子网为ext-subnet，云主机浮动IP可用网段为192.168.200.100 ~ 192.168.200.200，网关为192.168.200.1。创建云主机内部网络int-net1，子网为int-subnet1，云主机子网IP可用网段为10.0.0.100 ~ 10.0.0.200，网关为10.0.0.1。添加名为ext-router的路由器，添加网关在ext-net网络，添加内部端口到int-net1网络，完成内部网络int-net1和外部网络的连通。将执行neutron router-show ext-router命令所返回的结果以文本形式提交到答题框。

  1. [root@controller ~]# neutron net-create --shared --provider:network_type flat --provider:physical_network gre --availability-zone-hint nova --router:external ext-net
  2. Created a new network:
  3. +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
  4. | Field                     | Value                                |
  5. +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
  6. | admin_state_up            | True                                 |
  7. | availability_zone_hints   | nova                                 |
  8. | availability_zones        |                                      |
  9. | created_at                | 2022-06-05T19:05:45                  |
  10. | description               |                                      |
  11. | id                        | d6fb8a21-514c-4100-b88a-7fb3d4d73e99 |
  12. | ipv4_address_scope        |                                      |
  13. | ipv6_address_scope        |                                      |
  14. | is_default                | False                                |
  15. | mtu                       | 1500                                 |
  16. | name                      | ext-net                              |
  17. | port_security_enabled     | True                                 |
  18. | provider:network_type     | flat                                 |
  19. | provider:physical_network | gre                                  |
  20. | provider:segmentation_id  |                                      |
  21. | router:external           | True                                 |
  22. | shared                    | True                                 |
  23. | status                    | ACTIVE                               |
  24. | subnets                   |                                      |
  25. | tags                      |                                      |
  26. | tenant_id                 | f9ff39ba9daa4e5a8fee1fc50e2d2b34     |
  27. | updated_at                | 2022-06-05T19:05:45                  |
  28. +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
  1. [root@controller ~]# neutron subnet-create ext-net 192.168.200.0/24 --allocation-pool start=192.168.200.100,end=192.168.200.200 --name ext-subnet --gateway 192.168.200.2 --dns-nameserver 8.8.8.8
  2. Created a new subnet:
  3. +-------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
  4. | Field             | Value                                                  |
  5. +-------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
  6. | allocation_pools  | {"start": "192.168.200.100", "end": "192.168.200.200"} |
  7. | cidr              | 192.168.200.0/24                                       |
  8. | created_at        | 2022-06-05T19:22:19                                    |
  9. | description       |                                                        |
  10. | dns_nameservers   | 8.8.8.8                                                |
  11. | enable_dhcp       | True                                                   |
  12. | gateway_ip        | 192.168.200.2                                          |
  13. | host_routes       |                                                        |
  14. | id                | 6cbb07cd-4a9b-47c6-9d04-030677676a1a                   |
  15. | ip_version        | 4                                                      |
  16. | ipv6_address_mode |                                                        |
  17. | ipv6_ra_mode      |                                                        |
  18. | name              | ext-subnet                                             |
  19. | network_id        | d6fb8a21-514c-4100-b88a-7fb3d4d73e99                   |
  20. | subnetpool_id     |                                                        |
  21. | tenant_id         | f9ff39ba9daa4e5a8fee1fc50e2d2b34                       |
  22. | updated_at        | 2022-06-05T19:22:19                                    |
  23. +-------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
  1. [root@controller ~]# neutron net-create int-net1
  2. Created a new network:
  3. +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
  4. | Field                     | Value                                |
  5. +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
  6. | admin_state_up            | True                                 |
  7. | availability_zone_hints   |                                      |
  8. | availability_zones        |                                      |
  9. | created_at                | 2022-06-05T19:23:33                  |
  10. | description               |                                      |
  11. | id                        | 95b933b4-ed7f-46d0-9005-144e3d8c479e |
  12. | ipv4_address_scope        |                                      |
  13. | ipv6_address_scope        |                                      |
  14. | mtu                       | 1458                                 |
  15. | name                      | int-net1                             |
  16. | port_security_enabled     | True                                 |
  17. | provider:network_type     | gre                                  |
  18. | provider:physical_network |                                      |
  19. | provider:segmentation_id  | 69                                   |
  20. | router:external           | False                                |
  21. | shared                    | False                                |
  22. | status                    | ACTIVE                               |
  23. | subnets                   |                                      |
  24. | tags                      |                                      |
  25. | tenant_id                 | f9ff39ba9daa4e5a8fee1fc50e2d2b34     |
  26. | updated_at                | 2022-06-05T19:23:33                  |
  27. +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
  1. [root@controller ~]# neutron subnet-create int-net1 10.0.0.0/24 --allocation-pool start=10.0.0.100,end=10.0.0.200 --name int-subnet1 --gateway 10.0.0.2 --dns-nameserver 8.8.8.8
  2. Created a new subnet:
  3. +-------------------+----------------------------------------------+
  4. | Field             | Value                                        |
  5. +-------------------+----------------------------------------------+
  6. | allocation_pools  | {"start": "10.0.0.100", "end": "10.0.0.200"} |
  7. | cidr              | 10.0.0.0/24                                  |
  8. | created_at        | 2022-06-05T19:25:15                          |
  9. | description       |                                              |
  10. | dns_nameservers   | 8.8.8.8                                      |
  11. | enable_dhcp       | True                                         |
  12. | gateway_ip        | 10.0.0.2                                     |
  13. | host_routes       |                                              |
  14. | id                | 66765845-59da-4100-b62b-cda4411bb514         |
  15. | ip_version        | 4                                            |
  16. | ipv6_address_mode |                                              |
  17. | ipv6_ra_mode      |                                              |
  18. | name              | int-subnet1                                  |
  19. | network_id        | 95b933b4-ed7f-46d0-9005-144e3d8c479e         |
  20. | subnetpool_id     |                                              |
  21. | tenant_id         | f9ff39ba9daa4e5a8fee1fc50e2d2b34             |
  22. | updated_at        | 2022-06-05T19:25:15                          |
  23. +-------------------+----------------------------------------------+
  24. [root@controller ~]#
  1. [root@controller ~]# neutron router-create ext-router
  2. Created a new router:
  3. +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
  4. | Field                   | Value                                |
  5. +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
  6. | admin_state_up          | True                                 |
  7. | availability_zone_hints |                                      |
  8. | availability_zones      |                                      |
  9. | description             |                                      |
  10. | distributed             | False                                |
  11. | external_gateway_info   |                                      |
  12. | ha                      | False                                |
  13. | id                      | 8c688ea7-9863-43be-adf2-65f359b05202 |
  14. | name                    | ext-router                           |
  15. | routes                  |                                      |
  16. | status                  | ACTIVE                               |
  17. | tenant_id               | f9ff39ba9daa4e5a8fee1fc50e2d2b34     |
  18. +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
  19. [root@controller ~]# neutron router-interface-add ext-router int-subnet1
  20. Added interface 916a6a9b-d05d-431a-a8c8-610b4edde09c to router ext-router.
  21. [root@controller ~]# neutron router-gateway-set ext-router ext-net
  22. Set gateway for router ext-router
  23. [root@controller ~]#
  1. [root@controller ~]# neutron router-show ext-router
  2. +-------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  3. | Field                   | Value                                                                                                                                 |
  4. +-------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  5. | admin_state_up          | True                                                                                                                                  |
  6. | availability_zone_hints |                                                                                                                                       |
  7. | availability_zones      | nova                                                                                                                                  |
  8. | description             |                                                                                                                                       |
  9. | distributed             | False                                                                                                                                 |
  10. | external_gateway_info   | {"network_id": "d6fb8a21-514c-4100-b88a-7fb3d4d73e99", "enable_snat": true, "external_fixed_ips": [{"subnet_id": "6cbb07cd-4a9b-      |
  11. |                         | 47c6-9d04-030677676a1a", "ip_address": "192.168.200.101"}]}                                                                           |
  12. | ha                      | False                                                                                                                                 |
  13. | id                      | 8c688ea7-9863-43be-adf2-65f359b05202                                                                                                  |
  14. | name                    | ext-router                                                                                                                            |
  15. | routes                  |                                                                                                                                       |
  16. | status                  | ACTIVE                                                                                                                                |
  17. | tenant_id               | f9ff39ba9daa4e5a8fee1fc50e2d2b34                                                                                                      |
  18. +-------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

四、使用提供的“all-in-one”虚拟机，创建用户testuser，密码为xiandian，将testuser用户分配给admin项目，赋予用户admin的权限。依次将操作命令和查询结果以文本形式提交到答题框。

  1. [root@controller ~]# openstack user create testuser --password xiandian --domain xiandian --project admin
  2. +--------------------+----------------------------------+
  3. | Field              | Value                            |
  4. +--------------------+----------------------------------+
  5. | default_project_id | f9ff39ba9daa4e5a8fee1fc50e2d2b34 |
  6. | domain_id          | 9321f21a94ef4f85993e92a228892418 |
  7. | enabled            | True                             |
  8. | id                 | 4d561090514d4fc6ab35f5d407104e54 |
  9. | name               | testuser                         |
  10. +--------------------+----------------------------------+
  11. [root@controller ~]# openstack role add admin --user testuser --domain xiandian

五、使用提供的“all-in-one”虚拟机，通过nova的相关命令创建名为exam，ID为1234，内存为1024M，硬盘为20G，虚拟内核数量为2的云主机类型，查看exam的详细信息。依次将操作命令及返回结果以文本形式提交到答题框。

  1. [root@controller ~]# nova flavor-create exam 1234 1024 20 2
  2. +------+------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
  3. | ID   | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public |
  4. +------+------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
  5. | 1234 | exam | 1024      | 20   | 0         |      | 2     | 1.0         | True      |
  6. +------+------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
  1. [root@controller ~]# nova flavor-show exam
  2. +----------------------------+-------+
  3. | Property                   | Value |
  4. +----------------------------+-------+
  5. | OS-FLV-DISABLED:disabled   | False |
  6. | OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral  | 0     |
  7. | disk                       | 20    |
  8. | extra_specs                | {}    |
  9. | id                         | 1234  |
  10. | name                       | exam  |
  11. | os-flavor-access:is_public | True  |
  12. | ram                        | 1024  |
  13. | rxtx_factor                | 1.0   |
  14. | swap                       |       |
  15. | vcpus                      | 2     |
  16. +----------------------------+-------+

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