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最近做了个大作业,是用AndroidStudio获取Onenet上面数据的。
本文介绍两个方法,GET()和POST()。用的是java语言,kotlin语言可以直接搜kotlin,get方法,和java的没什么区别。
首先要引入依赖和库,比如联网的,Okhttp的库
然后是核心的GET和POST代码,这里要注意的是鉴权,我找了好久才在官网找到安全鉴权的方式。(这里吐槽一下Onenet的开发者文档的可查询性实在是太弱了)
最后是获取到返回数据。
1,Okhttp:OkHttp是一个开源的Java库,用于处理HTTP请求。它是Square公司开发的,设计简单而灵活,是Android开发中广泛使用的HTTP客户端。
示例代码:
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient; import okhttp3.Request; import okhttp3.Response; public class OkHttpExample { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); Request request = new Request.Builder() .url("https://www.baidu.com") .build(); try (Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()) { System.out.println(response.body().string()); } } }
2,安全鉴权:在OkHttp中,.header 方法用于设置HTTP请求头。通过这个方法,你可以添加自定义的请求头信息。以下是一个简单的示例,演示如何在OkHttp中使用.header方法:
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient; import okhttp3.Request; import okhttp3.Response; public class OkHttpHeaderExample { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); // 构建请求时使用 .header 方法添加自定义的请求头 Request request = new Request.Builder() .url("https://www.example.com") .header("Authorization", "Bearer your_access_token") // 添加 Authorization 请求头 .build(); try (Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()) { System.out.println(response.body().string()); } } }
第一个是JsonRootBean.java文件(这个文件和MainActivity平行)
package com.example.myapplication;
import java.util.List;
public class JsonRootBean {//Json转换
int code;
List<Data> data;
String msg;
String request_id;
}
第二个是data.java
package com.example.myapplication;
import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
import java.util.List;
public class Data {//用list存放获取的数据流
String identifier;
String time;
String value;
String data_type;
String access_mode;
String name;
String description;
}
Onenet的鉴权介绍网址:安全鉴权
鉴权码生成代码:API鉴权
我贴一下我的代码token.java
package com.example.myapplication; import android.os.Build; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import java.net.URLEncoder; import java.security.InvalidKeyException; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.util.Base64; import javax.crypto.Mac; import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec; public class Token { public static String TOKEN = "默认值"; public static void setMyString(String newValue) { TOKEN = newValue; } public static String assembleToken(String version, String resourceName, String expirationTime, String signatureMethod, String accessKey) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); String res = URLEncoder.encode(resourceName, "UTF-8"); String sig = URLEncoder.encode(generatorSignature(version, resourceName, expirationTime, accessKey, signatureMethod), "UTF-8"); sb.append("version=") .append(version) .append("&res=") .append(res) .append("&et=") .append(expirationTime) .append("&method=") .append(signatureMethod) .append("&sign=") .append(sig); return sb.toString(); } public static String generatorSignature(String version, String resourceName, String expirationTime, String accessKey, String signatureMethod) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException { String encryptText = expirationTime + "\n" + signatureMethod + "\n" + resourceName + "\n" + version; String signature = null; byte[] bytes = HmacEncrypt(encryptText, accessKey, signatureMethod); if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) { signature = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(bytes); } return signature; } public static byte[] HmacEncrypt(String data, String key, String signatureMethod) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException { //根据给定的字节数组构造一个密钥,第二参数指定一个密钥算法的名称 SecretKeySpec signinKey = null; if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) { signinKey = new SecretKeySpec(Base64.getDecoder().decode(key), "Hmac" + signatureMethod.toUpperCase()); } //生成一个指定 Mac 算法 的 Mac 对象 Mac mac = null; mac = Mac.getInstance("Hmac" + signatureMethod.toUpperCase()); //用给定密钥初始化 Mac 对象 mac.init(signinKey); //完成 Mac 操作 return mac.doFinal(data.getBytes()); } public enum SignatureMethod { SHA1, MD5, SHA256; } public static void main(String args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException { String version = "2022-05-01"; String resourceName = "userid/这里写你的用户id"; String expirationTime = System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000 + 100 * 24 * 60 * 60 + ""; String signatureMethod = SignatureMethod.SHA1.name().toLowerCase(); String accessKey = "这里放你的AccessKey(在Onenet官网的账户信息里面)"; String token = assembleToken(version, resourceName, expirationTime, signatureMethod, accessKey); setMyString(token); } }
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
String token="鉴权参数";
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);//UI的基本布局
try {
Token.main("拿鉴权码,这里参数无所谓的");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
token=Token.TOKEN;//赋值Token,把鉴权信息拿到
` requestPermissions(new String[]{"android.permission.INTERNET"}, 1);
Get();}
如图上面是主函数代码,获取网络请求后直接GET就好了。
public void Get(){ new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { while (true) { try { OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); //http(s)://iot-api.heclouds.com/thingmodel/query-device-property?product_id=w50WLDzGBb&device_name=light //http://iot-api.heclouds.com/thingmodel/query-thing-model?product_id=w50WLDzGBb Request request = new Request.Builder().url("http://iot-api.heclouds.com/thingmodel/query-device-property?product_id=这里输入你的产品id&device_name=你的设备名称") .header("Authorization",token) .build(); Response response = client.newCall(request).execute(); String responseData = response.body().string(); JsonRootBean app = new Gson().fromJson(responseData, JsonRootBean.class); value=app.data.get(0).value.toString();//获得亮度 brightnessDisplay.post(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { brightnessDisplay.setText(String.format("BrightnessRightNow:%s", value)); } }); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace();} try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); }//延时一秒获取一次亮度 } } }).start();
在.header后面这个token,就是我们要的鉴权码。
上面代码中的jsonRootbean是我自己的一个类,我GET获取的数据是一段json格式的数组
{"code":0,
"data":[{"identifier":"bright","time":1700127636130,"value":"0.600000","data_type":"float","access_mode":"读写","name":"bright"},
{"identifier":"setbright","data_type":"int32","access_mode":"读写","name":"setbright"},
{"identifier":"state","time":1698234341316,"value":"2","data_type":"enum","access_mode":"读写","name":"state","description":"工作模式"},
{"identifier":"time","data_type":"date","access_mode":"读写","name":"time"}],
"msg":"succ",
"request_id":"f97096fb25a94f2884a043c510821485"}
ONENET官网关于GET方法的返回数组
可以看到有4个大参数,code,data,msg,request_id
data是一个数组,在数组的每一个项里面又包含4个小参数(如下图),
所以我们核心的是获取到data里面的这个value值,因此GET获取到数据后,采用了下面这个方式提取到value
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
String responseData = response.body().string();
JsonRootBean app = new Gson().fromJson(responseData, JsonRootBean.class);
value=app.data.get(0).value.toString();//获得亮度
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