windows代码设置默认音频输出设备_代码更改windows音频输入设备

作者：秋刀鱼在做梦 | 2024-06-21 07:43:55

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代码更改windows音频输入设备

1.windows音频输入设备与输出设备

1）windows中音频输入设备是指麦克风，如下图：

2）windows中音频输出设备是指扬声器，如下图：

2.有些时候，windows音频播放设备可能有多个，那么如何通过代码设置默认的音频输出设备呢？

法1：利用wave系列函数

新建windows控制台程序，加入如下代码：


#include "stdafx.h"
#include <windows.h>
#include <mmsystem.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib, "Winmm.lib")
 
#ifdef UNICODE
#define tcout wcout
#else
#define tcout cout
#endif
 
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
	int nSoundCardCount = waveOutGetNumDevs();
 
	for (int i = 0; i < nSoundCardCount; i++)
	{
		WAVEOUTCAPS woc;
		waveOutGetDevCaps(i, &woc, sizeof(woc));
 
		tcout << woc.szPname << endl;
	}
 
	//waveOutMessage((HWAVEOUT)WAVE_MAPPER,WAVE_MAPPED_DEFAULT_COMMUNICATION_DEVICE,1,0);
 
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

这里可以枚举出所有的播放设备，但是要设置默认的播放设备，暂时不知道怎么弄，网上说用waveOutMessage发送一个消息，但是那个消息windows中找不到，而且还是winCE的，所以只好放弃

法2：利用微软未公布的api实现

这里要用到PolicyConfig.h和SetDefaultAudioPlaybackDevice,自行添加.h文件和接口即可

1）PolicyConfig.h内容


// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// PolicyConfig.h
// Undocumented COM-interface IPolicyConfig.
// Use for set default audio render endpoint
// @author EreTIk
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
#pragma once
 
 
interface DECLSPEC_UUID("f8679f50-850a-41cf-9c72-430f290290c8")
IPolicyConfig;
class DECLSPEC_UUID("870af99c-171d-4f9e-af0d-e63df40c2bc9")
CPolicyConfigClient;
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// class CPolicyConfigClient
// {870af99c-171d-4f9e-af0d-e63df40c2bc9}
//  
// interface IPolicyConfig
// {f8679f50-850a-41cf-9c72-430f290290c8}
//
// Query interface:
// CComPtr<IPolicyConfig> PolicyConfig;
// PolicyConfig.CoCreateInstance(__uuidof(CPolicyConfigClient));
// 
// @compatible: Windows 7 and Later
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
interface IPolicyConfig : public IUnknown
{
public:
 
    virtual HRESULT GetMixFormat(
        PCWSTR,
        WAVEFORMATEX **
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDeviceFormat(
        PCWSTR,
        INT,
        WAVEFORMATEX **
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE ResetDeviceFormat(
        PCWSTR
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetDeviceFormat(
        PCWSTR,
        WAVEFORMATEX *,
        WAVEFORMATEX *
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetProcessingPeriod(
        PCWSTR,
        INT,
        PINT64,
        PINT64
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetProcessingPeriod(
        PCWSTR,
        PINT64
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetShareMode(
        PCWSTR,
        struct DeviceShareMode *
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetShareMode(
        PCWSTR,
        struct DeviceShareMode *
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPropertyValue(
        PCWSTR,
        const PROPERTYKEY &,
        PROPVARIANT *
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetPropertyValue(
        PCWSTR,
        const PROPERTYKEY &,
        PROPVARIANT *
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetDefaultEndpoint(
        __in PCWSTR wszDeviceId,
        __in ERole eRole 
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetEndpointVisibility(
        PCWSTR,
        INT
    );
};
 
interface DECLSPEC_UUID("568b9108-44bf-40b4-9006-86afe5b5a620")
IPolicyConfigVista;
class DECLSPEC_UUID("294935CE-F637-4E7C-A41B-AB255460B862")
CPolicyConfigVistaClient;
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// class CPolicyConfigVistaClient
// {294935CE-F637-4E7C-A41B-AB255460B862}
//  
// interface IPolicyConfigVista
// {568b9108-44bf-40b4-9006-86afe5b5a620}
//
// Query interface:
// CComPtr<IPolicyConfigVista> PolicyConfig;
// PolicyConfig.CoCreateInstance(__uuidof(CPolicyConfigVistaClient));
// 
// @compatible: Windows Vista and Later
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
interface IPolicyConfigVista : public IUnknown
{
public:
 
    virtual HRESULT GetMixFormat(
        PCWSTR,
        WAVEFORMATEX **
    );  // not available on Windows 7, use method from IPolicyConfig
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDeviceFormat(
        PCWSTR,
        INT,
        WAVEFORMATEX **
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetDeviceFormat(
        PCWSTR,
        WAVEFORMATEX *,
        WAVEFORMATEX *
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetProcessingPeriod(
        PCWSTR,
        INT,
        PINT64,
        PINT64
    );  // not available on Windows 7, use method from IPolicyConfig
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetProcessingPeriod(
        PCWSTR,
        PINT64
    );  // not available on Windows 7, use method from IPolicyConfig
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetShareMode(
        PCWSTR,
        struct DeviceShareMode *
    );  // not available on Windows 7, use method from IPolicyConfig
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetShareMode(
        PCWSTR,
        struct DeviceShareMode *
    );  // not available on Windows 7, use method from IPolicyConfig
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPropertyValue(
        PCWSTR,
        const PROPERTYKEY &,
        PROPVARIANT *
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetPropertyValue(
        PCWSTR,
        const PROPERTYKEY &,
        PROPVARIANT *
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetDefaultEndpoint(
        __in PCWSTR wszDeviceId,
        __in ERole eRole 
    );
 
    virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetEndpointVisibility(
        PCWSTR,
        INT
    );  // not available on Windows 7, use method from IPolicyConfig
};

2）添加头文件和接口


#include "Mmdeviceapi.h"
#include "PolicyConfig.h"
#include "Propidl.h"
#include "Functiondiscoverykeys_devpkey.h"


HRESULT SetDefaultAudioPlaybackDevice( LPCWSTR devID )
{
	IPolicyConfigVista *pPolicyConfig;
	ERole reserved = eConsole;
 
	HRESULT hr = CoCreateInstance(__uuidof(CPolicyConfigVistaClient), 
		NULL, CLSCTX_ALL, __uuidof(IPolicyConfigVista), (LPVOID *)&pPolicyConfig);
	if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
	{
		hr = pPolicyConfig->SetDefaultEndpoint(devID, reserved);
		pPolicyConfig->Release();
	}
	return hr;
}

3）利用上面的接口自己写函数来设置默认输出设备

这里是自己添加的设置默认输出设备函数（MFC工程）


//设置默认音频播放设备
#define  DEF_AUDIO_NAME _T("扬声器")
 
void InitDefaultAudioDevice()
{
	HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(NULL);
	if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
	{
		IMMDeviceEnumerator *pEnum = NULL;
		// Create a multimedia device enumerator.
		hr = CoCreateInstance(__uuidof(MMDeviceEnumerator), NULL,
			CLSCTX_ALL, __uuidof(IMMDeviceEnumerator), (void**)&pEnum);
		if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
		{
			//判断是否是默认的音频设备,是就退出
			bool bExit = false;
			IMMDevice  *pDefDevice = NULL;
			hr = pEnum->GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(eRender, eMultimedia,&pDefDevice);
			if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
			{
				IPropertyStore *pStore;
				hr = pDefDevice->OpenPropertyStore(STGM_READ, &pStore);
				if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
				{
					PROPVARIANT friendlyName;
					PropVariantInit(&friendlyName);
					hr = pStore->GetValue(PKEY_Device_FriendlyName, &friendlyName);
					if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
					{
						CString strTmp = friendlyName.pwszVal;
						if (strTmp.Find(DEF_AUDIO_NAME) != -1)
						{
							bExit = true;
						}
						PropVariantClear(&friendlyName);
					}
					pStore->Release();
				}
				pDefDevice->Release();
			}
			if (bExit)
			{
				pEnum->Release();
				return;
			}
 
			IMMDeviceCollection *pDevices;
			// Enumerate the output devices.
			hr = pEnum->EnumAudioEndpoints(eRender, DEVICE_STATE_ACTIVE, &pDevices);
			if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
			{
				UINT count;
				pDevices->GetCount(&count);
				if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
				{
					for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
					{
						bool bFind = false;
						IMMDevice *pDevice;
						hr = pDevices->Item(i, &pDevice);
						if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
						{
							LPWSTR wstrID = NULL;
							hr = pDevice->GetId(&wstrID);
							if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
							{
								IPropertyStore *pStore;
								hr = pDevice->OpenPropertyStore(STGM_READ, &pStore);
								if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
								{
									PROPVARIANT friendlyName;
									PropVariantInit(&friendlyName);
									hr = pStore->GetValue(PKEY_Device_FriendlyName, &friendlyName);
									if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
									{
										// if no options, print the device
										// otherwise, find the selected device and set it to be default
										CString strTmp = friendlyName.pwszVal;
										if (strTmp.Find(DEF_AUDIO_NAME) != -1)
										{
											SetDefaultAudioPlaybackDevice(wstrID);
											bFind = true;
										}
										PropVariantClear(&friendlyName);
									}
									pStore->Release();
								}
							}
							pDevice->Release();
						}
 
						if (bFind)
						{
							break;
						}
					}
				}
				pDevices->Release();
			}
			pEnum->Release();
		}
	}
	CoUninitialize();
}

需要设置哪一个输出设备，自己修改宏的内容即可

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windows代码设置默认音频输出设备_代码 更改windows音频输入设备

windows代码设置默认音频输出设备_代码更改windows音频输入设备