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钉钉小程序生态1—区分企业内部应用、第三方企业应用、第三方个人应用
钉钉小程序生态2—区分小程序和H5微应用
钉钉小程序生态3—钉钉扫码登录PC端网站
钉钉小程序生态4—钉钉小程序三方企业应用事件与回调
钉钉小程序生态5—钉钉群机器人消息通知和钉钉工作通知
钉钉小程序生态6—钉钉OA自定义审批流的创建和使用
钉钉小程序生态7—企业机器人加互动卡片,改善用户体验的开始!
在消息通知这块,钉钉可谓是玩出了花,比如工作通知、群机器人通知,还有那万恶的Ding一下。钉钉的通知不仅花样多,而且大部分渠道都支持自定义,也即可以自定义设置发送时间、发送内容,并且还支持多种样式的消息如文本、卡片、Markdown等。
这篇文章我主要介绍一下常用的两类:钉钉群机器人通知和钉钉工作通知。
钉钉群机器人通知效果图
钉钉工作通知效果图
具体的区别和对比我就不写了,机器人统治发在群里,工作通知发在工作通知栏目。简单来说钉钉群机器人消息通知发的消息所有人都可以看到,钉钉工作通知只有选择到的人才可以看到,所以钉钉群机器人消息通知适合发公告通知所有人,钉钉工作通知适合发工作安排通知到具体人,不过具体怎么用还得看业务的需要。
自定义机器人接入
:https://open.dingtalk.com/document/robots/custom-robot-access
自定义机器人安全设置
:https://open.dingtalk.com/document/robots/customize-robot-security-settings
由于创建自定义机器人必须选择安全设置,这里注意不要乱输,如果明白安全设置是啥最好,如果不懂建议选择加签的方式,然后看一下说明文档,不然测试的时候有可能会发送不成功。
<!-- 使用旧版钉钉开放api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.aliyun</groupId>
<artifactId>alibaba-dingtalk-service-sdk</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
package com.example.dingtalkmsg.service; import java.net.URLEncoder; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; import javax.crypto.Mac; import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec; import com.dingtalk.api.DefaultDingTalkClient; import com.dingtalk.api.DingTalkClient; import com.dingtalk.api.request.OapiRobotSendRequest; import com.dingtalk.api.request.OapiRobotSendRequest.Links; import com.dingtalk.api.response.OapiRobotSendResponse; import org.apache.tomcat.util.codec.binary.Base64; public class DingTalkRobotSendService { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { //安全设置加签 Long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); String secret = "xxx "; String stringToSign = timestamp + "\n" + secret; Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256"); mac.init(new SecretKeySpec(secret.getBytes("UTF-8"), "HmacSHA256")); byte[] signData = mac.doFinal(stringToSign.getBytes("UTF-8")); String sign = URLEncoder.encode(new String(Base64.encodeBase64(signData)), "UTF-8"); //构建消息发送Client DingTalkClient client = new DefaultDingTalkClient( "https://oapi.dingtalk" + ".com/robot/send?access_token=xxx" + "×tamp=" + timestamp + "&sign=" + sign); //创建发送请求体 OapiRobotSendRequest request = new OapiRobotSendRequest(); request.setMsgtype("text"); //文本消息 OapiRobotSendRequest.Text text = new OapiRobotSendRequest.Text(); text.setContent("测试文本消息"); request.setText(text); OapiRobotSendRequest.At at = new OapiRobotSendRequest.At(); at.setAtMobiles(Arrays.asList("xxxxx")); // isAtAll类型如果不为Boolean,请升级至最新SDK //at.setIsAtAll(true); //at.setAtUserIds(Arrays.asList("109929","32099")); request.setMsgtype("link"); OapiRobotSendRequest.Link link = new OapiRobotSendRequest.Link(); link.setMessageUrl("https://www.dingtalk.com/"); link.setPicUrl(""); link.setTitle("时代的火车向前开"); link.setText("这个即将发布的新版本,创始人xx称它为红树林。而在此之前,每当面临重大升级,产品经理们都会取一个应景的代号,这一次,为什么是红树林"); request.setLink(link); request.setMsgtype("markdown"); OapiRobotSendRequest.Markdown markdown = new OapiRobotSendRequest.Markdown(); markdown.setTitle("杭州天气"); markdown.setText("#### 杭州天气 @156xxxx8827\n" + "> 9度,西北风1级,空气良89,相对温度73%\n\n" + "> ![screenshot](https://gw.alicdn.com/tfs/TB1ut3xxbsrBKNjSZFpXXcXhFXa-846-786.png)\n" + "> ###### 10点20分发布 [天气](http://www.thinkpage.cn/) \n"); request.setMarkdown(markdown); request.setMsgtype("feedCard"); OapiRobotSendRequest.Feedcard feedcard = new OapiRobotSendRequest.Feedcard(); OapiRobotSendRequest.Links links1 = new OapiRobotSendRequest.Links(); links1.setTitle("时代的火车向前开1"); links1.setMessageURL("https://www.dingtalk.com/"); links1.setPicURL("https://img.alicdn.com/tfs/TB1NwmBEL9TBuNjy1zbXXXpepXa-2400-1218.png"); OapiRobotSendRequest.Links links2 = new OapiRobotSendRequest.Links(); links2.setTitle("时代的火车向前开2"); links2.setMessageURL("https://www.dingtalk.com/"); links2.setPicURL("https://img.alicdn.com/tfs/TB1NwmBEL9TBuNjy1zbXXXpepXa-2400-1218.png"); List<Links> links = new ArrayList<>(); links.add(links1); links.add(links2); feedcard.setLinks(links); request.setFeedCard(feedcard); OapiRobotSendResponse response = client.execute(request); System.out.println(response); } }
总体来说,钉钉机器人推送消息的开发没有那些弯弯绕绕的设置,基本上能看懂文档就可以开发出来,也不需要什么特殊的环境支持。
第三方企业应用开发
:https://open.dingtalk.com/document/isvapp/send-job-notification
我本来以为企业内应用和第三方企业应用一样,创建应用之后都有一个工作通知。创建应用后发现,确实都有一个,但是区别非常大。企业内应用通知就是机器人群消息,而第三方企业应用则是模板消息。
<!-- 使用旧版钉钉开放api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.aliyun</groupId>
<artifactId>alibaba-dingtalk-service-sdk</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
package com.example.dingtalkmsg.service; import com.dingtalk.api.DefaultDingTalkClient; import com.dingtalk.api.DingTalkClient; import com.dingtalk.api.request.OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Request; import com.dingtalk.api.request.OapiServiceGetCorpTokenRequest; import com.dingtalk.api.response.OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Response; import com.dingtalk.api.response.OapiServiceGetCorpTokenResponse; public class DingTalkWorkNoticeSendService { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { //获取小程序的accessToken DefaultDingTalkClient client1 = new DefaultDingTalkClient("https://oapi.dingtalk.com/service/get_corp_token"); OapiServiceGetCorpTokenRequest req = new OapiServiceGetCorpTokenRequest(); req.setAuthCorpid("dingxxxx"); //suiteTicket获取比较麻烦,后续我会单独写文章说明 OapiServiceGetCorpTokenResponse execute = client1.execute(req, "xxx", "xxx", "xxx"); //构建工作通知推送Client DingTalkClient client2 = new DefaultDingTalkClient( "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/topapi/message/corpconversation/asyncsend_v2"); OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Request request = new OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Request(); request.setAgentId(836390886L); request.setUseridList("user123"); request.setToAllUser(false); //构建消息模板 OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Request.Msg msg = new OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Request.Msg(); msg.setMsgtype("text"); msg.setText(new OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Request.Text()); msg.getText().setContent("test123"); request.setMsg(msg); msg.setMsgtype("image"); msg.setImage(new OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Request.Image()); msg.getImage().setMediaId("@lADOdvRYes0CbM0CbA"); request.setMsg(msg); msg.setMsgtype("file"); msg.setFile(new OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Request.File()); msg.getFile().setMediaId("@lADOdvRYes0CbM0CbA"); request.setMsg(msg); msg.setMsgtype("link"); msg.setLink(new OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Request.Link()); msg.getLink().setTitle("test"); msg.getLink().setText("test"); msg.getLink().setMessageUrl("test"); msg.getLink().setPicUrl("test"); request.setMsg(msg); msg.setMsgtype("markdown"); msg.setMarkdown(new OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Request.Markdown()); msg.getMarkdown().setText("##### text"); msg.getMarkdown().setTitle("### Title"); request.setMsg(msg); msg.setOa(new OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Request.OA()); msg.getOa().setHead(new OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Request.Head()); msg.getOa().getHead().setText("head"); msg.getOa().setBody(new OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Request.Body()); msg.getOa().getBody().setContent("xxx"); msg.setMsgtype("oa"); request.setMsg(msg); msg.setActionCard(new OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Request.ActionCard()); msg.getActionCard().setTitle("xxx123411111"); msg.getActionCard().setMarkdown("### 测试123111"); msg.getActionCard().setSingleTitle("测试测试"); msg.getActionCard().setSingleUrl("https://www.dingtalk.com"); msg.setMsgtype("action_card"); request.setMsg(msg); OapiMessageCorpconversationAsyncsendV2Response rsp = client2.execute(request, execute.getAccessToken()); System.out.println(rsp.getBody()); } }
其实工作通知开发的难度也不高,但是由于这是个三方应用,所有三方应用的接口都需要一个accessToken。而这个accessToken也不是简单的拿ak/sk去获取就行了,钉钉那边还需要一个suiteTicket,这个suiteTicket才是开发的最大难点。
suiteTicket不是调用接口去获取的,而是钉钉主动推送过来的,所以我们还需要写一个回调接口供钉钉侧调用,详情请看这篇文章:添加链接描述。
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