英语中级口译-新东方_中级口译题型

中级口译听力篇

 

主讲：杨文杰

 

 

 

欢迎使用新东方在线电子教材

教程内容提纲

 

1．中级口译概述以及中级口译听力题型分类讲解（题型，评分标准，难点，技巧）

2．听力能力提高的4个有效途径

3．缩写与Spot Dictation

4．听力中的音变现象和美语发音学习

5．听力微技巧与ListeningComprehension

6．笔记系统与ListeningTranslation

 

上课必备书籍：《英语中级口译全真试题集》

 

前言：教师介绍与课程风格

一、教师介绍与课程介绍

(一)、是语音速成班、高级听力预备班、高级口译预备班的结合

口语于听力相结合，听力的好坏取决于口语

举几个例子，考察一下听力：

１、ice or water                              lose aim

    same area                               your own

2、高级口语例子：ill atease

                 crude oil

                 sleep andeat

3、段子：Boys ofAmerican 

A helicopter carrying 8 people was reported missing. After itunloaded a cargo of foods, some crude oil and other provisions for workersdigging a major tunnel for a water project for Manila, an official said yesterday.

 

A helicopter carrying eight people was reported

老师读两遍，第一遍语速180词/分，第二遍130词/分（中口考试难度）

 

(二)、要听懂各个国家的发音，中级口译分为美式发音和英式发音两种，各占50％

 

问题: Who is presenter; Who is keynotespeaker.

    Good morning, it is a unique honor to actas a whole city, I also understand it is an honor which comes with a great responsibility,and which requires the highest levels of cooperation with the IOC. My promiseto you is that we will be your very best partners all of us who made guaranteesto you are ready to deliver them now, on security, on finance, on every singleundertaking we have given. If you award the game to us, I pledge to you personally,we will continue to give the highest levels of support. My entire governmentand the main opposition parties, too, are united behind this bid. It hastotal political support, I can't think of a better place than London to hold an event that unites the world.London willinspire the young people around the world and ensure the Olympic Game will remainthe dream for future generation.

 

有关伦敦申奥的短文，以美式和英式发音各读一遍，注意区别。

推荐电影：《Forest Gump》美式发音，串讲美国历史，有助于考试

　　　　　《Notting hill》美式、英式结合

　　　　

第一章  中级口译概述以及中级口译听力题型分类讲解

一、中口简介

１、中口考试概况

:  2004年口译考试报名者突破６万人次，２００５年新东方暑假班１万人。笔试通过率25%．口试通过率15%

２、中级口译笔试共分四部分：1.听力40分钟/90分; 2.阅读50分钟/60分; 3.英译汉30分钟/50分; 4.汉译英30分钟/50分。 总考试时间为150分钟，满分为250分。凡第一阶段合格的考生（及格分150分）方可参加第二阶段口试。如果听力能拿60分，则在余下的阅读部分只要取得40分，总分值100的翻译加起来拿50分，就能轻松达到150分的及格分。听力在夺取这150分中，处于抢分的关键地位。

 高口平均分：１６０。听力平均分：５０

 

二、考试题型详解：

（一）Spot Dictation

１、长度：300词/篇，语速：130词/分，20空，每空填１－４个词

２、特征：时代性、实用性

　　　　　主题主要是电脑、科技、教育

３、评分标准：每空1.5分，非关键词填写错误不扣分

3个单复数错误累计扣0.5分

４、难点：　（１）听不懂，词汇难，分不清美、英发音

　　　　　　（２）记不下来

５、技巧：（２２个字）

（1）边听边看边写：注意空前一个词

（2）善用简写：

例子：《英语中级口译全真试题集》101页，习题六，13－19空

Third, brainstorm solutions. Dream up asmany solutions as you can and _________(13) them one by one. This step willrequire _________(14). Talk aboutwhich solutions will work and _________(15) they will be to implement. Yoursolutions need to be acceptable by both parties, so you should be prepared to_________(16). Later, you’ll need to review the _________(17) of the acceptedsolution. If it _________(18), be open to making changes or _________(19)tobring about a new solution.

答案：(13) evaluate; (14)timeand honesty; (15)how difficult; (16)make compromise; (17)effectiveness;(18)does not work; (19)be ready

应用简写：如：some need=sm+nd

（3）不懂放弃：对于不会的空，要学会放弃，不能影响下一题，造成循环

（4）语法复查：一致现象：并列关系语法结构一致

习惯搭配：如：keepup (with)

               虚词补充

（5）小心誊抄：花３分钟时间，仔细填写

 

（二）ListeningComprehension

一共有30题，语速：150词/分，每题间隔15－18秒

 １、Statements

（１）题型：10句话

例子：《英语中级口译全真试题集》　102页，1、2题

① I'm afraid Mr. Baker, our boarddirector, had decided last night not to attend this morning’s committeemeeting.  (c)

(A) Mr. Baker doesn’t like to go to themeeting last night.
(B) Last night Mr. Baker decided to cancel this morning’s meeting.
(C) Mr. Baker made up his mind not to go to this morning’s meeting.
(D) Mr. Baker made a last-minute decision to hold the meeting this morning.

 

②A lot of people nowadays have muscularproblem in the neck, the shoulders and the back that are really due to stressand tension in their work.. (a)

(A) Hard work often brings aboutdiscomfort in parts of the human body.
(B) If you are nervous, you may hurt yourself in performing this kind of task.
(C) Those staff members who work back to back are hard on each other.
(D) This exercise is to relax your muscles in the neck, the shoulders and theback.

（２）难点：同义置换

　　　　　　阅读速度不够快

（３）技巧：纵向阅读：先读题项，再读题，注意不同点

重复记忆：句子与句子的重复点要记忆

区别标明：标出题干的互异、唯一信息

熟用题型：虚拟语气、数字、转折、否定、因果、让步状语、建议、词组和习语

     

2、 Talks andConversations 

（1）考试内容：政治、经济、文化教育、语言文学、科普、交际场合语言会话

（2）题型：4-5个段子，现在基本上是5个段子，每个段子四个题

（3）技巧：预测考点，边听边看，留心标示

 

（三）Listening andTranslation

1、SentenceTranslation

（1）题型：5句。每句25个词左右，每题间有45－60秒的间隔

（2）主题：灾难新闻、突发事件、经济动向、统计数据

要经常看ChinaDaily报纸，了解“通货膨胀率、利息、失业率”等名词

（3）评分标准：内容基本正确、表达通顺        得满分3分

               内容比较正确、表达比较通顺    2－2.5

               答对一半                      1.5分

               关键信息错误                  不给分

Eg: Smoking cigarette is dangerous. It is leading course ofpreventable death in the United States. Every year over 400,000 Americans die at reason of smoking .Andanother 10 millions people suffer from smoking relative disease.

注意：1数字一定要听出来

      2抓住句与句之间的逻辑关系

2、Passagetranslation

（1）题型：每段80个词，130词/分，每题间隔150－200秒

（2）评分标准：第一段7分，第二段8分

               语言表达占40％，内容占60％，内容错不给分

（3）难点：听：基础不牢、词汇不够、文化背景知识不丰富、特殊语法不熟悉

           记：最大的难点

           译：只要直译就可

（4）如何做笔记

       段落的笔记：

.d  10 a.m  S highway

Lorry overturn

电 gd-à rd

dr  伤，-à hosp

acc -à 大 trf X

2h < rd clr

: dr  2  leg

      段落翻译原文：Yesterday at 10 o’clock in themorning on the South Highway a lorry overturned. The electronic goods in thelorry spilled onto the road. The driver was injured and was taken to hospital.The accident caused a big traffic jam two hours before the road was finallycleared. It was later reported that the driver had broken both legs.

（5）技巧：脑记为主，笔记为辅。

           抓主体，非细节，抓内容，非语言。

        

第二章  听力能力提高的4个有效途径       

一、听力提高要有恒，有序，有量

1、有恒：每天半小时听力（精听）

2、有序：不要超前

3、有量：中口要做到100小时的精听，同传要达到1000小时

 

二、打通的四关：语音 ，词汇，文化常识，语法

1、语音：

（1）辨别口音

（2）熟悉音变现象：吞读、连读、缩读

（3）了解美语音标，注意语音、语调、节奏

Eg：表扬别人

You look great today.

You did a good job.

You are looking shark today.

You’ve got a good sense of humor.

You look like million dollars.

incredible     

awful

awesome

You have a good taste.

You always know the right thing to say.

 

2、词汇

（1）中口词汇为7000，趋势：杂，多涉及政治、经济、英国小城镇

Eg：bar 律师团

    moonlight 第二职业

（2）技巧：词汇关推荐书籍：〈英语口译资格考试分类词汇精编〉

 〈中级口译笔试备考精要〉

           联想记忆法(词根词缀法、谐音记忆法)　　如：delinquency（失职）；pedophilia（恋童癖）aftermath（灾难的后果）upheaval(剧变)

 

3、文化常识

（1）出卷人为上外英语系教授，研究英美两国历史

考点多出于英国教育、语言与教育、美国总统就职演说、美国历史、欧洲经济情况

Eg：Queen’sbench  英国高等法院

Queen’s English  标准英语

Big Apple    纽约

It’s a quite Babylon project.  不可能完成的任务

 

4、语法；语法复查，弥补听力问题

  听力中的误区、小问题需要通过语法来弥补

第三章   缩写与Spot Dictation

一、缩写练习：

第一段缩写训练答案：

Many pl’s favorite hob issports. Ty spend + - thrspr tm play(g) team game like footb/baseb, games for(4) 2/4pl, like tennis, or golf. Sm pl like 2 prac . Indiv spt like run(g)/swim(g). Plusually prac . Spt 4 at least 3reason. 1st, ty enjoy it & 2st, ty feel . Nd 2 kp fit __ tt ty feel +2after ty had sm exer.

 

逐句讲解

Many pl’s favorite hob issports. 　

pl=people

 

Ty spend + - thr spr tm play(g) team game like footb/baseb,

Ty=they    thr= their    thm=them   +=much  ++/+2=more +3=most

－=little    －2＝less    －3＝least

themost beautiful girl = +3 beautiful girl

thehighest mountain = +3 high

-=of

spr=spare

(g)＝ing

game=gm

footb=football  baseb =baseball

/=or

 

games for(4) 2/4pl,

4=for

2/4=2 or 4

 

like tennis, orgolf. Sm pl like 2 prac . c spt like run(g)/swim(g).

Sm=some

Pl=people

2=to

prac=practice

.=a/an

indiv=individual

run(g)=running

swim(g).=swimming

/=or

 

Pl usually prac .Spt 4 at least 3 reason.

Pl=people

prac=practice

.=a

spt=sport

 

1st, ty enjoy it& 2st, ty feel . Nd 2 kp fit __ tt ty feel +2 after ty had sm exer.

1st= First,

ty=they

& =and

.Nd=need

kp=keep

_=in

-=of

tt=that

b+2=better

m+2=more

sm＝some

exer＝exercise

注意：SpotDictation中少用符号

 

第一段缩写训练原文

    Many people’s favorite hobby is sports.They spend much of their spare time playing team games like football orbaseball, games for two or four people, like tennis, or golf. Some people liketo practice an individual sport like running or swimming. People usuallypractice a sport for at least three reasons. First, they enjoy it and second,they feel a need to keep fit in that they feel better after they had someexercise.

 

二、           缩写4种方法：

1、拿掉所有元音

Eg. market--------mkt

   standard------std

   message------msg

   receive-------rcv

 

2、保留开头几个字母

Eg. Information-----info

  Insurance------Ins

  Exchange-----exch

  Individual-----indiv

The STDｎ – MKT

I RCV . MSG frm th indiv pl

I want to exch info with u

 

3、保留开头和结尾

Eg. Week-----wk

   Need-----nd

  Meet------mt

   Room-----rm

 

4、根据发音

Eg. Are-------r

   Though---tho

   Through---thru

 

三、           缩写中的常用缩略词

Good----gd                     important-----imp

Include---incd                  market-----mkt

Situation----sitn                 regular-----regl  life=lf

Reference----ref                 necessary---ncry

Apartment----apt      　　　　apt  右上方加ｍ　ｍ表示ment后缀

according----acdg　　　　　　　 g=ing　　

Advertisement----ad              advice----adv  amount —AMT

 conform----cfm

Condition----cond      　　

Under no condition   by nomeans

department-----dept

Explain----expln               impossible----imps

Model---mdl                  

observe----obs

Ordinary----ord                    accept----acpt

Balance----bal                           cancel----cncl

Exchange----exch                     individual----indiv

Position----posn                product----prod

Representative---rep            repeat----rpt

Please----pls                       possible-----poss

Receive----rcv

 

练习部分　

this is a good important market

hereis the necessary advice I want

I will accept the position as a manager

频率高的词用缩写

考试时尽量用学过的缩写，不要用太多

 

四、           地名简写：

Korea : K           Sweden: SD        Switzerland: SW

Australia: AA        Israel: IS           Italy : IT

Spain: SP

通常是提取国家单词的首字母

 

五、           缩写中较长单词的处理：

-ism---------m        eg. Socialism　社会主义    S(m)　　local

-tion---------n        eg. Standardization 原始化　 std(n)

凡是从原始动词延伸出来的各种形容词、名字、副词，只需写出动词，各种形式从缩写的右上方进行添加处理。

-ing----------g        eg. Marketing       mkt(g)

-ment-------mt        eg. Amendment     amend(mt)

-ble---------bl    

注：遇到以able或ible为后缀的词，可以提取bl作为信息点写在这个词的右上方　　　　　　　　　　　　　　   

eg.Available       av(bl)

-ful---------fl         eg. Meaningful      mn(fl)

 

复习一下：

缩写的四种方法是：

1、拿掉原因保留　　2、保留开头几个字母

3、保留开头和结尾　4、根据发音缩写

 

地名和较长单词的缩写方法

 

六、           本单元测试

Butspt is not just 4 participants. Its 4 spect(o) too. M – pl all over theworld spend hs every wk watch(g) spt event on tv, / at stadiums. Pl enjoy be(g)fans/supp(o) – 1 team & many prof. are now as pop & fameas the +3 great Hollywd movie star.

 

逐句分析：

But spt is not just 4participants.

But＝向上的箭头　或自己创造

spt＝sport

4＝for

 

注：遇到动词延伸的人称，可以写出动词后在右上角划一个圆圈

ｅｇ：

work(0)=worker

teach(0)=teacher

核心词compete及延伸词

compete=comp

comp(o)= competitor

comp(v)=competitive

注：缩写词右上方加v表示那些以ive结尾的形容词

comp (n)=competition

comp (g)=competing

 

Its4 spect(o) too.

spect(o)= spectator

 

M – pl all over theworld spend hs every wk watch(g) spt event on tv, / at stadiums.

M= millions

T=thousand

H= hundred

另一种用符号表示的方式

右上方加1个“′”＝thousand

右上方加2个“′”＝millions

右上方加3个“′”= trillion  

 

–=of

pl= people

hs= hours

wk= week

watch(g)= watching

spt= sport

/= or

 

Plenjoy be(g) fans/supp(o) – 1 team & many prof. are now as pop & fameas the +3 great Hollywd movie star。

Pl = People

be(g)= being

fans/ = “fans” or

supporter =supp(o)

–= of

1= one

team & many= team and many

prof.= professionals

pop= popular

fame= famous

&=and

the +3 great= the greatest

 

原文展示：

Butsport is not just for participants. Its for spectators too. Millions of peopleall over the world spend hours every week watching sports events on television,or at stadiums. People enjoy being “fans” or “supporters”of one team and many professionals are now as popular and famous as thegreatest Hollywood movie stars.

 

七、           第三单元学习方法综述

注意：每天做30分钟精听，用缩写的方式记忆听到的内容。

 

第四单元 听力中的音变现象和美语发音学习

 

一、单元综述：

本单元重点是张大嘴巴跟老师一起读，感受美语。练习我们的脸部肌肉，并体会美语发音的方式和技巧。

 

二、           美语发音：

1、4个双元音

美语音标最大的区别在于其中的元音，过去学过的元音是单元音，但美语中所学的是双元音

1）｛e｝－｛ei｝

age, game, day 

sentence: More haste, less speed.欲速则不达

第一步把每个音发准

第二步加上声调

练习: It’s payday today　今天是发工资的日子

 

2)｛o｝－｛ou｝结尾停在u

boat, note, so

美语发音的特点：尽量在口腔的后部把音发出来。

sentence: I hope so.

练习：He posed for a group of photo with hisold fellows.

注：美语中常常对a和the进行变音，目的是为了强调

ｅｇ：

 This is the best opportunitywe ever have to enter the market.

 

3) ｛a｝－｛ai｝

bike, mine, flight

this bike of mine

sentence:All right.

注：all不要卷舌

练习：Out of sight, outof mind　眼不见，心不烦

 

4)  how

out, now about

sentence: Let’ s get out of here.

It’s kind of tough.

It’s kind oftorture to read mathematics everyday.

练习: This is out-and-out power politics. 这是彻头彻尾的强权政治

 

 

2、2个后元音

1)｛半圆两点｝

发音技巧：尽量往最里吞这个音 

not,bottle, hot, job, hospital

sentence:It’s a promise.

练习：little red lorry 红色小卡车

 

2)｛ｕ｝

good,book, should

sentence:She’s looking at a good book.

更多例子： new　 student　 attitude 　due

I am for this position.

 

3、辅音t的发音

writer,letter, better, city,

 

发音变化一：浊化

 

浊化原则1：ｔ处在非重读音节要浊化

如：writer, letter,better, city,

 

浊化原则2：ｔ处在重读音节不能浊化

如：Italian, attack,atomic, Latino, photographer

 

浊化对比：

Italy,attic（阁楼）

atom(原子), Latin,photograph

 

发音变化二：ｔ在词组中的发音变化：

练习：pick it up

 I got it.

 right away

发音变化三：ｔ发音的特殊情况：

当ｔ发的很快，就会变成ｎ的音

internet

interview

interesting

representative

 

发音变化四：失去爆破

rightnow, just now

 

发音变化五：ｔ的音从鼻子里出来（美音，英音都有的一种特殊情况）

Britain,mountain, fountain　

 

4、r的发音

1）r在单词中的发音

练习: Rolly rolled around roll around the road.

spare,burglar, dirty, porch, more

 

2）r带动后面元音的发音

world　girl　 pearl

Thegirls are the pearls in the world.

 

原则：只有字母r存在才能卷舌

经常发错的音：China, America,idea

 

三、美语中的变音现象

1、 连读

1)相同辅音的连读

　bad dog　　注意：不可以把音节给吞掉，只是这个音节不发音

like candy　

ripe pear

some money

  The report turned out to be totally false.这份报告完全是一派胡言。

 

2)辅音＋元音

　　It’s easy.  Where’s our car?  Come on in. What time is it now?

    Figure it out. for example

  

中高级口译中常常出现的连读词汇： of all ages

crude oil

a couple of

travel agency

    your own

ourown

setin motion

 

3)元音＋元音

be on time 

注：元音ｉ后面再跟一个元音，两个元音间要加入一个“耶”的音

stay up

 

flow out

注：元音ｏ后面再跟一个元音，两个元音间要加入一个“我”的音

growup

Sheworks day in and day out.

 

连读小结：

相同辅音的连读

辅音＋元音的连读

元音＋元音的连读

 

2、失爆（吞读）

两个爆破音连接在一起时出现失爆（吞读）

 

什么是爆破音：p, b, k, g, t, d　

六个爆破音任何一个后面紧接着另一个爆破音或摩擦音或鼻音时，前一个爆破音将失去爆破。

laptop

greatdeal

goodtime

theRed Cross

afast train

abig change

currently

probably

sayit proudly and loudly

atlast

 

3、缩读

and---n:Do you know Nancy and David?  Tom andJerry

areyou---ya: Ya going to the movie tonight? What ya doing here?

缩读的原则：

1、绝对不会是重点音节，不可以重读

2、只能出现在非正式场合

 

doyou----dy’a : how dy’a feel now?  How dy’a like the movie?

didyou---dja: how dja make it?

because—cause: I don’t like her causeshe’s mean

couldhave—could’a : you could’a hurtyourself.  (should ,would same)

couldnot have---couldn’a  He couldn’a done that.

can---cn:I can be there in an hour.　　

I can do a lot of things that other people can not do it.

giveme : Gimme that!

goingto ---gonna.  Want to ---Wanna

gotto---gotta: I gotta see him right now.

he---e: Who’s he?

her---er:This is her husband

him---im:Tell him the story.

of---o:

He’s sort of a strange. ---He’ssorta strange.

It ‘s kind of a tough. ---It’skinda tough.

probably---prob’ly:  He’ll prob’ly come fordinner. currently---curren’ly

sure----sher.  Sher, I want some bread.

whatif----wud if : What if we went to the movie? (what if 句型要掌握）

whatare you----wacha doin now?             

you----ya:  Catch ya later. See you later.

 

四、单元检测

The single markethas already had an enormous impact. Here in Spain there have been a greatnumber of cross-border mergers and acquisitions where French and Germancompanies have seen opportunities to enter a growing market. And as thebarriers have been removed this has become more and more possible.

As far asspecific industries have been concerned, well, food and drink, for example, isan industry which you would think was very culturally bound, but we have seenover the last ten years how much eating and drinking habits have changed, andthis is very much a function of a single market. French companies have beenparticularly aggressive in this area.

 

五步分析法：   

1、划出段落中的双元音、后元音

2、找出这段话中的吞读和连读

3、划好本段话中的停顿

4、标注好每段话的升降调

5、熟读段落

 

 

第五章  听力微技巧与Listening Comprehension

八大题型介绍：

一、虚拟语气题　　

考点：条件句

过去考试的经验：答案往往表现为否定句形式

练习：

•        1．A. I knew Mr.Smith wanted to sell his computer, but I didn’t buy it.

•           B. I didn’tbuy Mr. Smith’s computer because I didn’t know he was selling it.

•           C. I boughtthe computer without knowing it was Mr. Smith’s.

•           D. I’ll buythe computer as soon as Mr. Smith wants to sell it.

I’d have bought Mr. Smith’s computer if Ihad known he was selling it.

 

•        2．A. He didn’t knowwhat would happen if he made the suggestion.

•           B. Hedidn’t feel nervous after he had put forward the suggestion.

•           C. Herealized that the committee members would not adopt his suggestion.

•           D. Heconsidered it important to talk to the committee members first.

Had herealized the possible consequences, he wouldn’t have made the suggestion at thecommittee meeting last week.

 

二、数字题型

　技巧：听到的数字通常不是正确答案。

　　　　通常要了解时间、日期、价钱、号码、航班等数字的不同读法。

    练习：

•   1． A. 30 guestscame.        B. 20 guests didn’t receive theirinvitation cards.

           C. 40guests came.        D. More guests camethan were expected.

Aboutone-third of the sixty invited guests failed to show up at the dinner party.

 

•   2． A. We need topay $25 per piece.      B. We need to pay$50 per piece.

           C. We need to pay $75 perpiece.      D. We need to pay $125 perpiece.

 

   The Company quoted a priceof 100 dollars a piece for the summer dress.But after much bargain. We got anoffer at 25% discount.

3．   A. The plane left two hours before.

              B. The plane left at ten o’clock in the morning.

              C. The planeleft at two o’clock in theafternoon.

              D. The plane left at four o’clock in the afternoon.

  The plane for Los Angeles was supposedto take off at noon, butdue to a minor fault in one of the engines the flight was delayed of 2 hours.

 

 

常考的数字类型：

a　大额数字的听记方法:

    thousand ‘    ;  million    ‘’    ;  billion   ‘’’   ;

    eg.   35 thousand 35’

          8 hundred and 40thousand     840’

          1 million 5 hundred thousand   1’’500’

          8 billion 15 million 3 hundred 25thousand 4 hundred and 56:

                    8’’’ 15’’ 325’456   

　　　练习方法：以口语带动听力

 

b　　小数的读法：

     小数点念”point” , 小数点前的“零”有时可以省略不念，也可念为zero, nought, oh.小数点后的零读作oh

     eg.   0.009  : point o o nine 或 zero point o onine

 

c.      百分数的读法：

      eg.   

             54.6%   fifty four point six out of a hundred

             0.2%     two tenths of a percent

             3.5%     three and a half percent

54.5％　　fifty four and ahalf percent

 

d　　-ty 与 –teen的区别

      -teen结尾的有两个重读音节， -ty只有一个重读音节

    eg.   fifteen ,  fifty

          thirteen , thirty

        19 90 　18 80 　17 70 　16 60 　15 50 　14 40 　13 30 　12 20

 

e.  货币单位

        dollar/buck 美元  eg.  Six bucks    15 dollars 95 cents

        quarter 25美分

        dime 10美分

        nickel 5美分

        penny 1美分  

        英国：pound 英镑　

　　　　1英镑＝100便士

penny　便士　pence（便士的复数）

　　    20英镑50便士： twenty poundsfifty pence.  Or  twenty fifty

 

f. 时间单位

　　机场，车站报时：使用的是２４小时制，遇到不足１０点要补０

　　　　　　　　　　９：３０　o　nine thirty

        广播报时：Greenwich MeanTime (GMT) / Universal time 格林尼治时间

　　　　　　　22pm :   22 hours GMT (BBC)

                      22 hours universal time

            midnight:  twenty-four hours 确切时间

 

g.     表示年份　

在二十世纪三十年代　in the 1930’s

读作: in the thirtiesof the twentieth century

      in the nineteen thirties

公元前２５３年：in the year two fifty- three B.C.

 

h　数字用于货币

表示正常价格:  regular price, normal price.

表示价格划算：

Itis an excellent price

Itis a good price/ bargain.

Itis a good buy.

 

表示价格较贵：dear, expensive,steep, more expensive,

表示价格便宜：bargainprice  其它说法：cheap,inexpensive, less expensive.

表示减价出售：on sale,　 Christmas sale, 　 garage sale(现场旧货出售)　sale price

 

ｉ. 一些数字的词组

on cloud nine 无比幸福

on cloud nine 无比幸福　eg. I was oncloud nine after I won the game.

 

Yourroom at sixes and sevens

atsixes and sevens 乱七八糟

 

onsecond thoughts  再三考虑

 

byones and twos 零零散散

 

Twoheads are better than one. 两个臭皮匠抵个诸葛亮

 

inthe year one 早年　

Iused to study in America in the year one 早年在美国读书

 

tento one　很可能   

Tento one he has forgotten it

 

threescore years and ten 一辈子　

I’ll love you threescore years and ten.

 

 

三、转折题型

重点听but后面的部分

练习：

1． A. The Chairmandidn’t attend the Opening Ceremony at the last minute.

    B. The Chairman refused to attend theOpening Ceremony at the last minute.

    C. The Chairman never changed his mind toattend the Opening Ceremony at the last minute.

D. TheChairman made a last minutedecision to attend the Opening Ceremony.

    At first, the Chairmandidn’t intend to attend the opening ceremony, but the changed his mind at thelast minute.

 

四、否定题型

并不是你听到了not，就一定是否定，也不是你没有听到not，这个句子就不是否定。

否定的三种情况

1、完全否定

2、部分否定

3、双重否定

 

完全否定常用词：

notany

failto do

farfrom

thelast…to do sth.

deny

 

部分否定常用词：

seldom

hardly

barely

notall

eg:

Notall children enjoy the trip.

Noteverywhere is decorated.

 

双重否定：指在句中出现两个表示否定的成分，从而表示肯定的含义。

双重否定常用词：

Sheseldom goes out without her red dress.

Noone is unwilling to be a volunteer.

 

一种考试中经常出错的特殊形式：

Youcannot eat too much.

你吃得越多越好。

 

Icannot agree with you more.

我太同意你的看法了。

 

cannot后加比较级不是表示否定，而表示更加的肯定。

 

五、因果关系题

考点：原因句

     练习：

•      A. Mrs.Green signed when she heard the suggestion.

•      B. Mrs.Green rejected the committee’s suggestion.

•      C. Mrs.Green quit when her idea was not accepted.

•      D. Mrs.Green didn’t accept the signature

Mrs. Greenresigned from the committee yesterday because her proposal to close thedowntown branch was rejected.

 

六、让步状语从句题

考点：

在从句条件内容的前提下，主句的情况依然出现。从句中尽管说到although…但是主句的情况不受影响。

解题技巧是：置换引导从句中的连接词，然后认清主句的内容。

     练习：

•   1．A. Miss Brown isone of the best teachers because she has taught longer.

•      B. MissBrown has the best experience of all the college instructors.

•      C. MissBrown does not have enough qualification to teach in the college.

•      D. MissBrown is an excellent teacher in spite of her insufficient experience.

AlthoughMiss Brown has less teaching experience than other faculty member, she is oneof the best instructors in the college.

解题技巧：首先寻找是否有although置换项，立刻发现in spite of.第二步检查两句主句意思是否相符。

 

•   2．A. Lena hastrouble with office work.

•      B. Lenadoesn’t like her colleagues in the office.

•      C. Lenaintends to become a full-time student.

•      D. Lena gets on very well in her MBA studies.

Lena wants to give upoffice work to concentrate on her MBA courses, even though she has been quitesuccessful at her job.

 

七、建议和个人意见题型

这种题型往往以下列方式出现：

I amafraid…

Ithink

Whynot

Whycan’t we

Howabout

Youshould

You’dbetter

特点：所提出的建议往往是对过去状态的不满。

A. Typing the memorandum is sometimes unnecessary.

B. You will understand it if you read the memorandum a second time.

C. The first draft of the memorandum is not satisfactory.

D. The first draft of the memorandum is better than the second one

I’m afraid you’ll have to revise and type the memorandum of understanding a secondtime.

•