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使用Springboot上传图片并将URL保存到数据库中_springboot项目存入数据库的是图片本身还是url

作者：Li_阴宅 | 2024-07-18 13:01:18

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springboot项目存入数据库的是图片本身还是url

背景：之前一直想做上传图片如何将图片保存到服务器路径下面并将URL地址保存到数据库中，在网上找了很多大多都是五五开，有幸找到一篇简单的上传图片教程，并对其加以改正，得到了自己想要的效果。

参考博主链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Coding13/article/details/54577076

废话不多说，先将我自己项目的整体结构展示一下

  1.   使用环境 idea + Maven + JDK1.8
  2.   pom.xml配置 
    1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    2. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    3.          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    4.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    5.     <parent>
    6.         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    7.         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    8.         <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
    9.         <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    10.     </parent>
    11.     <groupId>com.library</groupId>
    12.     <artifactId>nbt</artifactId>
    13.     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    14.     <name>nbt</name>
    15.     <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    16.  
    17.     <properties>
    18.         <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    19.     </properties>
    20.  
    21.     <dependencies>
    22.         <dependency>
    23.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    24.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    25.         </dependency>
    26.         <dependency>
    27.             <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
    28.             <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    29.             <version>2.0.0</version>
    30.         </dependency>
    31.  
    32.         <!--<dependency>-->
    33.             <!--<groupId>mysql</groupId>-->
    34.             <!--<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>-->
    35.             <!--<version>5.1.25</version>-->
    36.         <!--</dependency> -->
    37.         <dependency>
    38.             <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    39.             <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    40.             <version>8.0.15</version>
    41.         </dependency>
    42.  
    43.         <dependency>
    44.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    45.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    46.             <scope>test</scope>
    47.         </dependency>
    48.         <dependency>
    49.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    50.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    51.         </dependency>
    52.         <dependency>
    53.             <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    54.             <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    55.             <version>1.1.9</version>
    56.         </dependency>
    57.  
    58.         <dependency>
    59.             <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    60.             <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
    61.             <version>1.2.44</version>
    62.         </dependency>
    63.  
    64.         <dependency>
    65.             <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
    66.             <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
    67.             <version>2.2.2</version>
    68.         </dependency>
    69.         <dependency>
    70.             <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
    71.             <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
    72.             <version>2.2.2</version>
    73.         </dependency>
    74.  
    75.         <dependency>
    76.             <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
    77.             <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
    78.             <version>4.1.14</version>
    79.         </dependency>
    80.     </dependencies>
    81.  
    82.     <build>
    83.         <!--放置在dao下的话要在这里配置，让springboot启动时去扫描-->
    84.         <resources>
    85.             <resource>
    86.                 <directory>${basedir}/src/main/java</directory>
    87.                 <includes>
    88.                     <include>**/*.xml</include>
    89.                 </includes>
    90.             </resource>
    91.             <resource>
    92.                 <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
    93.                 <includes>
    94.                     <include>**/*.yml</include>
    95.                     <include>**/*.properties</include>
    96.                     <include>**/log/**/logback.xml</include>
    97.                 </includes>
    98.             </resource>
    99.         </resources>
    100.  
    101.         <plugins>
    102.             <plugin>
    103.                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    104.                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    105.             </plugin>
    106.             <!-- mybatis generator 自动生成代码插件 -->
    107.             <plugin>
    108.                 <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
    109.                 <artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    110.                 <version>1.3.2</version>
    111.                 <configuration>
    112.                     <configurationFile>${basedir}/src/main/resources/generator/generatorConfig.xml</configurationFile>
    113.                     <overwrite>true</overwrite>
    114.                     <verbose>true</verbose>
    115.                 </configuration>
    116.             </plugin>
    117.         </plugins>
    118.     </build>
    119.  
    120. </project>
  3. 控制层核心代码 
    1. package com.library.nbt.controller;
    2.  
    3. import com.library.nbt.utils.VerifyUtil;
    4. import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
    5. import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
    6. import io.swagger.annotations.ApiResponse;
    7. import io.swagger.annotations.ApiResponses;
    8. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    9. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    10. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    11. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    12.  
    13. import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
    14. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    15. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    16. import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
    17. import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
    18. import java.io.OutputStream;
    19.  
    20. @RestController
    21. @RequestMapping(value = "/api")
    22. @Api(value = "验证码接口", tags = "验证码接口", description = "")
    23. public class CodeController {
    24.  
    25.     @ApiOperation(value = "生成验证码", notes = "生成验证码")
    26.     @ApiResponses(value = {
    27.             @ApiResponse(code = 200, message = "successful request"),
    28.             @ApiResponse(code = 500, message = "internal server error")})
    29.     @RequestMapping(value = "/v1/getcode", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    30.     public void getCode(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
    31.         HttpSession session = request.getSession();
    32.         //利用图片工具生成图片
    33.         //第一个参数是生成的验证码，第二个参数是生成的图片
    34.         Object[] objs = VerifyUtil.createImage();
    35.         //将验证码存入Session
    36.         session.setAttribute("imageCode", objs[0]);
    37.  
    38.         //将图片输出给浏览器
    39.         BufferedImage image = (BufferedImage) objs[1];
    40.         response.setContentType("image/png");
    41.         OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
    42.         ImageIO.write(image, "png", os);
    43.     }
    44. }

     

  4. application.yml配置 
    1. server.port=12000
    2.  
    3. ##jdbc配置 mysql 8.1以上版本
    4. spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    5. spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/btn-dev
    6. spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    7. spring.datasource.username=root
    8. spring.datasource.password=123456
    9.  
    10. ##jdbc配置 mysql 8.1以下版本
    11. #spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    12. #spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/btn
    13. #spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    14. #spring.datasource.username=root
    15. #spring.datasource.password=123456
    16.  
    17. ## 该配置节点为独立的节点，有容易将这个配置放在spring的节点下，导致配置无法被识别
    18. #注意：一定要对应mapper映射xml文件的所在路径
    19. mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:com/library/nbt/dao/**/mapper/*.xml
    20. mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.library.nbt.model.entity
    21.  
    22. #配置generatorConfig.xml 运行时：mybatis-generator:generate -e
    23. db.driverLocation=D:\\Interest\\mybatis-generator-core-1.3.2\\lib\\mysql-connector-java-8.0.12.jar
    24.  
    25. #本地浏览器地址
    26. spring.web.googleexcute=explorer
    27. #要打开的网址
    28. spring.web.loginurl=http://localhost:${server.port}/swagger-ui.html
    29. #是否要启动时打开浏览器
    30. spring.web.isopenurl=true
    31.  
    32. logging.config=classpath:log/dev/logback.xml
    33.  
    34.  
    35. file.rootPath=E:
    36. file.sonPath=/img/

     

  5. 配置类 
    1. package com.library.nbt.config;
    2.  
    3. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    4. import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    5. import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
    6. import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
    7.  
    8. @Configuration
    9. public class MyWebMvcConfigurerAdapter extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
    10.  
    11.     //图片存放根路径
    12.     @Value("${file.rootPath}")
    13.     private String ROOT_PATH;
    14.     //图片存放根目录下的子目录
    15.     @Value("${file.sonPath}")
    16.     private String SON_PATH;
    17.     @Override
    18.     public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry){
    19.         String filePath = "file:" + ROOT_PATH + SON_PATH;
    20.         //指向外部目录
    21.         registry.addResourceHandler("img//**").addResourceLocations(filePath);
    22.         super.addResourceHandlers(registry);
    23.     }
    24. }

     

  6. service层及实现类 
    1. package com.library.nbt.service;
    2.  
    3. import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
    4.  
    5. public interface UploadFileService {
    6.     String getUploadFilePath(MultipartFile file);
    7. }
    1. package com.library.nbt.service.impl;
    2.  
    3. import com.library.nbt.dao.UplocalFileEntityMapper;
    4. import com.library.nbt.model.entity.UplocalFileEntity;
    5. import com.library.nbt.service.UploadFileService;
    6. import com.library.nbt.utils.DateUtils;
    7. import org.slf4j.Logger;
    8. import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    9. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    10. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    11. import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    12. import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
    13.  
    14. import java.io.File;
    15. import java.net.InetAddress;
    16. import java.net.UnknownHostException;
    17. import java.util.Random;
    18.  
    19. @Service
    20. public class UploadFileServiceImpl implements UploadFileService {
    21.  
    22.     private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UploadFileServiceImpl.class);
    23.     //图片存放根路径
    24.     @Value("${file.rootPath}")
    25.     private String ROOT_PATH;
    26.     //图片存放根目录下的子目录
    27.     @Value("${file.sonPath}")
    28.     private String SON_PATH;
    29.  
    30.     @Value("${server.port}")
    31.     //获取主机端口
    32.     private String POST;
    33.  
    34.     @Autowired
    35.     private UplocalFileEntityMapper uplocalFileEntityMapper;
    36.  
    37.  
    38.     @Override
    39.     public String getUploadFilePath(MultipartFile file) {
    40.         //返回上传的文件是否为空，即没有选择任何文件，或者所选文件没有内容。
    41.         //防止上传空文件导致奔溃
    42.         if (file.isEmpty()) {
    43.             throw new NullPointerException("文件为空");
    44.         }
    45.         // 设置文件上传后的路径
    46.         String filePath = ROOT_PATH + SON_PATH;
    47.         // 获取文件名后缀名
    48.         String suffix = file.getOriginalFilename();
    49.         String prefix = suffix.substring(suffix.lastIndexOf(".")+1);
    50.         //为防止文件重名被覆盖，文件名取名为：当前日期 + 1-1000内随机数
    51.         Random random = new Random();
    52.         Integer randomFileName = random.nextInt(1000);
    53.         String fileName = DateUtils.timeStamp2Date(String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis() /100),"yyyyMMddHHmmss") + randomFileName +"." +  prefix;
    54.         //创建文件路径
    55.         File dest = new File(filePath + fileName);
    56.         // 解决中文问题，liunx下中文路径，图片显示问题
    57.         // fileName = UUID.randomUUID() + suffixName;
    58.         // 检测是否存在目录
    59.         if (!dest.getParentFile().exists()) {
    60.             //假如文件不存在即重新创建新的文件已防止异常发生
    61.             dest.getParentFile().mkdirs();
    62.         }
    63.         try {
    64.             //transferTo（dest）方法将上传文件写到服务器上指定的文件
    65.             file.transferTo(dest);
    66.             //保存t_upload_file表中
    67.             String filePathNew = SON_PATH + fileName;
    68.             String profilePhoto = saveUploadFile(filePathNew);
    69.             System.out.println(profilePhoto);
    70.             return profilePhoto;
    71.         } catch (Exception e) {
    72.             return dest.toString();
    73.         }
    74.     }
    75.  
    76.     private String saveUploadFile(String filePathNew) {
    77.         //获取本机IP
    78.         String host = null;
    79.         try {
    80.             host = InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();
    81.         } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
    82.             LOG.error("get server host Exception e:", e);
    83.         }
    84.         UplocalFileEntity uplocalFileEntity = new UplocalFileEntity();
    85.         uplocalFileEntity.setCreateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
    86.         uplocalFileEntity.setUpdateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
    87.         uplocalFileEntity.setEnabled(1);
    88.         uplocalFileEntity.setProfilePhoto(host + ":" + POST + filePathNew);
    89.  
    90.         Integer result = uplocalFileEntityMapper.insertSelective(uplocalFileEntity);
    91.         System.out.println("插入了"  + result + "数据");
    92.  
    93.         System.out.println("uplocalFileEntity.getProfilePhoto():" + uplocalFileEntity.getProfilePhoto());
    94.         return uplocalFileEntity.getProfilePhoto();
    95.     }
    96. }

     

  7. mapper层及实现 
    1. package com.library.nbt.dao;
    2.  
    3. import com.library.nbt.model.entity.UplocalFileEntity;
    4. import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
    5.  
    6. @Mapper
    7. public interface UplocalFileEntityMapper {
    8.     /**
    9.      * This method was generated by MyBatis Generator.
    10.      * This method corresponds to the database table t_uplocal_file
    11.      *
    12.      * @mbggenerated
    13.      */
    14.     int insert(UplocalFileEntity record);
    15.  
    16.     /**
    17.      * This method was generated by MyBatis Generator.
    18.      * This method corresponds to the database table t_uplocal_file
    19.      *
    20.      * @mbggenerated
    21.      */
    22.     int insertSelective(UplocalFileEntity record);
    23. }
    1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    2. <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
    3. <mapper namespace="com.library.nbt.dao.UplocalFileEntityMapper" >
    4.   <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.library.nbt.model.entity.UplocalFileEntity" >
    5.     <!--
    6.       WARNING - @mbggenerated
    7.       This element is automatically generated by MyBatis Generator, do not modify.
    8.     -->
    9.     <result column="id" property="id" jdbcType="INTEGER" />
    10.     <result column="create_time" property="createTime" jdbcType="BIGINT" />
    11.     <result column="update_time" property="updateTime" jdbcType="BIGINT" />
    12.     <result column="enabled" property="enabled" jdbcType="INTEGER" />
    13.     <result column="profile_photo" property="profilePhoto" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
    14.   </resultMap>
    15.   <insert id="insert" parameterType="com.library.nbt.model.entity.UplocalFileEntity" >
    16.     <!--
    17.       WARNING - @mbggenerated
    18.       This element is automatically generated by MyBatis Generator, do not modify.
    19.     -->
    20.     <selectKey resultType="java.lang.Integer" keyProperty="id" order="AFTER" >
    21.       SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID()
    22.     </selectKey>
    23.     insert into t_uplocal_file (create_time, update_time, enabled, 
    24.       profile_photo)
    25.     values (#{createTime,jdbcType=BIGINT}, #{updateTime,jdbcType=BIGINT}, #{enabled,jdbcType=INTEGER}, 
    26.       #{profilePhoto,jdbcType=VARCHAR})
    27.   </insert>
    28.   <insert id="insertSelective" parameterType="com.library.nbt.model.entity.UplocalFileEntity" >
    29.     <!--
    30.       WARNING - @mbggenerated
    31.       This element is automatically generated by MyBatis Generator, do not modify.
    32.     -->
    33.     <selectKey resultType="java.lang.Integer" keyProperty="id" order="AFTER" >
    34.       SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID()
    35.     </selectKey>
    36.     insert into t_uplocal_file
    37.     <trim prefix="(" suffix=")" suffixOverrides="," >
    38.       <if test="createTime != null" >
    39.         create_time,
    40.       </if>
    41.       <if test="updateTime != null" >
    42.         update_time,
    43.       </if>
    44.       <if test="enabled != null" >
    45.         enabled,
    46.       </if>
    47.       <if test="profilePhoto != null" >
    48.         profile_photo,
    49.       </if>
    50.     </trim>
    51.     <trim prefix="values (" suffix=")" suffixOverrides="," >
    52.       <if test="createTime != null" >
    53.         #{createTime,jdbcType=BIGINT},
    54.       </if>
    55.       <if test="updateTime != null" >
    56.         #{updateTime,jdbcType=BIGINT},
    57.       </if>
    58.       <if test="enabled != null" >
    59.         #{enabled,jdbcType=INTEGER},
    60.       </if>
    61.       <if test="profilePhoto != null" >
    62.         #{profilePhoto,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
    63.       </if>
    64.     </trim>
    65.   </insert>
    66. </mapper>

     

  8. 进行测试，我用的是SwaggerUI,如果没有安装的话可以下载Postman进行接口测试

 

url也保存到数据库中了，复制URL地址在网页打开即可访问

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