云原生之使用docker部署centos系统测试环境_docker部署测试环境

一、检查本地服务器系统版本

[root@node ~]# cat /etc/os-release 
NAME="CentOS Linux"
VERSION="7 (Core)"
ID="centos"
ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID="7"
PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:7"
HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"

CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-7"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="7"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7"

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[root@node ~]# cat /etc/centos-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) 

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二、检查docker版本

[root@node ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.17
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.17.11
 Git commit:        100c701
 Built:             Mon Jun  6 23:05:12 2022
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.17
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.17.11
  Git commit:       a89b842
  Built:            Mon Jun  6 23:03:33 2022
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.6.6
  GitCommit:        10c12954828e7c7c9b6e0ea9b0c02b01407d3ae1
 runc:
  Version:          1.1.2
  GitCommit:        v1.1.2-0-ga916309
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

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三、检查docker状态

[root@node ~]# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2022-11-04 09:12:32 CST; 18h ago
     Docs: https://docs.docker.com
 Main PID: 10162 (dockerd)
    Tasks: 62
   Memory: 3.6G
   CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
           ├─10162 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
           ├─21803 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 27217 -container-ip 172.17.0.2 -container-port 27017
           ├─21808 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip :: -host-port 27217 -container-ip 172.17.0.2 -container-port 27017
           ├─33495 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 3548 -container-ip 172.17.0.3 -container-port 3306
           ├─33501 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip :: -host-port 3548 -container-ip 172.17.0.3 -container-port 3306
           ├─43634 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 8080 -container-ip 172.17.0.4 -container-port 80
           ├─43640 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip :: -host-port 8080 -container-ip 172.17.0.4 -container-port 80
           ├─59700 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 8098 -container-ip 172.17.0.5 -container-port 80
           └─59705 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip :: -host-port 8098 -container-ip 172.17.0.5 -container-port 80

Nov 04 10:00:54 node dockerd[10162]: time="2022-11-04T10:00:54.645415843+08:00" level=info msg="Attempting next endpoint for pull after ...unknown"
Nov 04 11:46:29 node dockerd[10162]: time="2022-11-04T11:46:29.261326827+08:00" level=info msg="Attempting next endpoint for pull after ...unknown"
Nov 04 11:47:04 node dockerd[10162]: time="2022-11-04T11:47:04.769147449+08:00" level=info msg="Download failed, retrying (1/5): net/htt...timeout"
Nov 04 11:51:16 node dockerd[10162]: time="2022-11-04T11:51:16.548891252+08:00" level=error msg="Not continuing with pull after error: c...anceled"
Nov 04 11:55:42 node dockerd[10162]: time="2022-11-04T11:55:42.370401579+08:00" level=info msg="ignoring event" container=ac860c2aa163e2...kDelete"
Nov 04 14:31:26 node dockerd[10162]: time="2022-11-04T14:31:26.826919720+08:00" level=warning msg="reference for unknown type: applicati...:latest"
Nov 04 14:31:27 node dockerd[10162]: time="2022-11-04T14:31:27.105606415+08:00" level=warning msg="Error persisting manifest" digest="sha256:f2e...
Nov 04 14:31:27 node dockerd[10162]: time="2022-11-04T14:31:27.105748609+08:00" level=warning msg="Image docker.io/romainlecomte/lighthttpd-dock...
Nov 04 14:45:39 node dockerd[10162]: time="2022-11-04T14:45:39.628278832+08:00" level=error msg="Not continuing with pull after error: m...unknown"
Nov 04 14:45:39 node dockerd[10162]: time="2022-11-04T14:45:39.628408475+08:00" level=error msg="Handler for POST /v1.41/images/create r...unknown"
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
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四、下载centos镜像

[root@node ~]# docker pull centos:7
7: Pulling from library/centos
Digest: sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987
Status: Image is up to date for centos:7
docker.io/library/centos:7

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五、创建centos容器

1.运行centos容器

[root@node ~]# docker run -it --name centos_test   centos:7 /bin/bash
[root@db4f4dfa3a84 /]# 


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2.检查容器内根目录

这里由于是直接创建容器并进入容器中，就直接进行后续操作了，
单独的容器进入命令：docker exec -it <容器名或ID> /bin/bash

[root@node ~]# docker run -it --name centos_test   centos:7 /bin/bash
[root@db4f4dfa3a84 /]# ls
anaconda-post.log  bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@db4f4dfa3a84 /]# pwd
/

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六、centos容器内部测试

1.安装ifconfig命令的软件包

[root@db4f4dfa3a84 /]# yum -y install net-tools
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
 * extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===================================================================================================================================================
 Package                          Arch                          Version                                          Repository                   Size
===================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 net-tools                        x86_64                        2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7                         base                        306 k

Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 306 k
Installed size: 917 k
Downloading packages:
net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                               | 306 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                                                       1/1 
  Verifying  : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                                                       1/1 

Installed:
  net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7                                                                                                      

Complete!

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2.查看容器内IP地址

[root@db4f4dfa3a84 /]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.6  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255
        ether 02:42:ac:11:00:06  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 7037  bytes 25618849 (24.4 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 4655  bytes 269171 (262.8 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

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3.测试与宿主机网络连通情况

[root@db4f4dfa3a84 /]# ping 192.168.3.166 -c 6
PING 192.168.3.166 (192.168.3.166) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.3.166: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.091 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.166: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.130 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.166: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.104 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.166: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.109 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.166: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.075 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.3.166: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.092 ms

--- 192.168.3.166 ping statistics ---
6 packets transmitted, 6 received, 0% packet loss, time 5010ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.075/0.100/0.130/0.018 ms

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4.让centos容器后台运行

从容器退出，但不停止容器: Ctrl+P+Q

[root@node ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                                    COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                            NAMES
db4f4dfa3a84   centos:7                                 "/bin/bash"              11 minutes ago   Up 11 minutes                                                    centos_test

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