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本次项目主要带大家正式入门STM32,希望大家学完我这个教程以后能够有所得。在写本教程之前,我仔细的琢磨了最开始先教大家STM32寄存器开发,或者是STM32标准库函数开发,还是现在最新的STM32HAL库函数开发。最后决定了教大家用HAL库函数开发,学东西要与时俱进,对于我本人而言,大学玩STM32都是野战玩过来的,前面是没有学过HAL库函数开发的,所以我大概花了三天左右的时间入门,然后做出这个教程慢慢地教大家。
补充:请结合视频学习,视频链接:https://live.csdn.net/v/1652993,第一次录制视频,可能不好,请大家包容。
名称:基于STM32的室内温湿度检测
思路:本项目采用ARM结构中最为代表的Cortex-M4系列的芯片,选用STM32F407ZGT6开发板进行项目开发,选用的传感器为常见通用的DHT11温湿度传感器。传感器将采集到的数据传输到STM32(MCU)主控进行数据处理,最后通过串口打印出来。
购买链接:https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.3-c-s.w4002-22466574672.18.4cc84163K894AJ&id=565218048000
注:本款STM32是实验室团购得来的,所以很多资料我是没有的,此处参考正点原子STM32F407ZGT6的资料,密码为:vayb
购买链接如下:https://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?id=15598344236
本人所用的全部资料的下载链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1p0LfRRw54vqTtx1yKDsQwA
密码为:f22d
注:里面包括了keil5安装的步骤与开发环境搭建
官方下载链接如下:http://www.keil.com/demo/eval/arm.htm
官方下载链接如下:http://www.keil.com/dd2/pack
官方下载链接如下:http://www.st.com/web/en/catalog/tools/PF259242
官方下载链接如下:http://www.st.com/web/en/catalog/tools/PF259243
请按照本人共享的链接里面的开发环境文件夹里面word文档进行操作,提取文件密码为:f22d
(https://pan.baidu.com/s/1p0LfRRw54vqTtx1yKDsQwA)里面的STM32CudeMX文件夹里面word文档进行操作,提取文件密码为:f22d
①打开STM32CudeMX
②点击创建工程
③搜索STM32F407ZGT6,双击黄色区域
④点击Categories——》System Core ——》GPIO,选择PF9和PF10,各自点击为GPIO_OutPut
⑤对GPIO进行具体配置
⑥配置RCC时钟
⑦配置系统时钟
⑧这里以串口1为例 我们可以选择串口的模式(异步,同步,半双工) 串口接收中断
a)点击USATR1
b)设置MODE为异步通信(Asynchronous)
c)基础参数:波特率为115200 Bits/s。传输数据长度为8 Bit。奇偶检验无,停止位1 接收和发送都使能
d)GPIO引脚设置 USART1_RX/USART_TX
e) NVIC Settings 一栏使能接收中断
⑨配置STM32F407ZGT6的时钟树,由于是外部8M的晶振,所以得出一下的时钟树
a)选择外部时钟HSE 8MHz
b)PLL锁相环倍频168倍
c)系统时钟来源选择为PLL
d)设置APB1分频器为 /4
32的时钟树框图 如果不懂的话请看《【STM32】系统时钟RCC详解(超详细,超全面)》
⑩建立工程
(1)用keil5打开此工程
(2)点击option(锤子),然后进行主频配置,修改为8.0或者12.0,然后重新打开该工程进行检查,最后进行编译。
(3)在keil5上面创建SYSTEM和HARDWAVE两个文件夹
(4)回到本人创建的test工程目录,添加这两个文件夹,本人已经整理好了链接(STM32课程资料\库文件),复制库文件里面SYSTEM和HARDWAVE两个文件夹到test工程目录下。
(5)回到keil5里面,继续点击那个文件管理,然后根据对应的文件夹添加文件,一个都不要漏。
注:HARDWAVE也是这样添加工程文件进去。
(6)配置头文件路径,选择为第4步已经复制的两个文件夹(SYSTEM和HARDWAVE)
完成图如下:
(7)编程开发
a)main.c
#include "main.h" #include "usart.h" #include "gpio.h" #include "stdio.h" #include "sys.h" #include "delay.h" #include "usart.h" #include "dht11.h" void SystemClock_Config(void); int main(void) { u8 t=0; u8 temperature; u8 humidity; int times; HAL_Init(); /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */ /* USER CODE END Init */ /* Configure the system clock */ delay_init(168); SystemClock_Config(); DHT11_Init(); /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */ /* USER CODE END SysInit */ /* Initialize all configured peripherals */ MX_GPIO_Init(); MX_USART1_UART_Init(); HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t *)aRxBuffer, RXBUFFERSIZE); while (1) { if(t%10==0)//?100ms???? { DHT11_Read_Data(&temperature,&humidity); printf("2018A14122 WuXiaoXian\r\n"); printf("Tem:%d\r\n",temperature); printf("Hum:%d\r\n",humidity); printf("\r\n\n"); } delay_ms(100); t++; } } /** * @brief System Clock Configuration * @retval None */ void SystemClock_Config(void) { RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0}; RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0}; /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage */ __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE(); __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1); /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure. */ RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE; RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 4; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 168; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2; RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 4; if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks */ RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2; RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK; RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1; RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV4; RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2; if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } } void Error_Handler(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */ /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */ __disable_irq(); while (1) { } /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */ } #ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT /** * @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number * where the assert_param error has occurred. * @param file: pointer to the source file name * @param line: assert_param error line source number * @retval None */ void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line) { /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */ /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number, ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */ /* USER CODE END 6 */ } #endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */ /************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
b)uart.c
#include "usart.h" #include "stdio.h" /* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */ uint8_t USART_RX_BUF[USART_REC_LEN]; uint16_t USART_RX_STA=0; //?????? uint8_t aRxBuffer[RXBUFFERSIZE];//HAL?????????? /* USER CODE END 0 */ UART_HandleTypeDef huart1; /* USART1 init function */ int fputc(int ch, FILE *f) { HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,(uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 0XFFFF); return ch; } void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart) { if(huart->Instance==USART1)//?????1 { if((USART_RX_STA&0x8000)==0)//????? { if(USART_RX_STA&0x4000) //????0x0d { if(aRxBuffer[0]!= 0x0a) { USART_RX_STA=0; //????,???? } else { USART_RX_STA|=0x8000; //????? } } else //????0x0D { if(aRxBuffer[0] == 0x0d) { USART_RX_STA|=0x4000; } else { USART_RX_BUF[USART_RX_STA&0x3FFF]=aRxBuffer[0]; USART_RX_STA++; if(USART_RX_STA>(USART_REC_LEN-1)) { USART_RX_STA=0; //??????,?????? } } } } } } void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 */ /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 */ /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 */ /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */ huart1.Instance = USART1; huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200; huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B; huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1; huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE; huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX; huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE; huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16; if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK) { Error_Handler(); } /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 */ /* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */ } void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle) { GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0}; if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1) { /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 0 */ /* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 0 */ /* USART1 clock enable */ __HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_ENABLE(); __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE(); /**USART1 GPIO Configuration PA9 ------> USART1_TX PA10 ------> USART1_RX */ GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10; GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP; GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL; GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH; GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF7_USART1; HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct); /* USART1 interrupt Init */ HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(USART1_IRQn, 0, 0); HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(USART1_IRQn); /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 1 */ /* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 1 */ } } void HAL_UART_MspDeInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle) { if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1) { /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 0 */ /* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 0 */ /* Peripheral clock disable */ __HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_DISABLE(); /**USART1 GPIO Configuration PA9 ------> USART1_TX PA10 ------> USART1_RX */ HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10); /* USART1 interrupt Deinit */ HAL_NVIC_DisableIRQ(USART1_IRQn); /* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 1 */ /* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 1 */ } } /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */ /* USER CODE END 1 */ /************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
c)uart.h
/** ****************************************************************************** * @file usart.h * @brief This file contains all the function prototypes for * the usart.c file ****************************************************************************** * @attention * * <h2><center>© Copyright (c) 2021 STMicroelectronics. * All rights reserved.</center></h2> * * This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license, * the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the * License. You may obtain a copy of the License at: * opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause * ****************************************************************************** */ /* Define to prevent recursive inclusion -------------------------------------*/ #ifndef __USART_H__ #define __USART_H__ #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include "main.h" /* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */ #define USART_REC_LEN 500 #define RXBUFFERSIZE 1 extern uint8_t USART_RX_BUF[USART_REC_LEN]; extern uint16_t USART_RX_STA; extern UART_HandleTypeDef UART1_Handler; //UART?? extern uint8_t aRxBuffer[RXBUFFERSIZE];//HAL?????????? /* USER CODE END Includes */ extern UART_HandleTypeDef huart1; /* USER CODE BEGIN Private defines */ /* USER CODE END Private defines */ void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void); /* USER CODE BEGIN Prototypes */ /* USER CODE END Prototypes */ #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif #endif /* __USART_H__ */ /************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
(8)检查配置,编译下载
(9)打开串口助手进行查看
DHT11 STM32
data — 》 PG9
vcc — 》 5v
GND — 》 GND
本此项目不难,但是很繁琐,请大家耐心点,有什么意见请在留言区给我留言,后续还会有更新。
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