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WLAN漫游是指STA在同属于一个ESS内的AP之间移动且保持用户业务不中断。同一业务VLAN的AP间漫游是指STA漫游前后的AP对应同一业务VLAN。
根据用户是否支持快速漫游,可以将同一业务VLAN的AP间漫游分为快速漫游和非快速漫游两种方式。当用户使用的安全策略不是WPA2-802.1X、WPA3-802.1X时,用户的漫游都属于非快速漫游。此外,如果用户使用的是WPA2-802.1X、WPA3-802.1X的安全策略,但STA不支持快速漫游,则该漫游仍然不属于快速漫游,用户仍需要完成802.1X认证过程才能完成漫游。当用户使用WPA2-802.1X、WPA3-802.1X安全策略,且STA支持快速漫游技术时,用户在漫游过程中不需要重新完成802.1X认证过程,只需要完成密钥协商过程即可。这样,通过快速漫游,可以缩短802.1X用户的漫游延时,提升用户上网体验。
WLAN举例通用配置注意事项请参考WLAN通用注意事项,更多部署和配置建议请参考无线网络部署和配置建议。
分场景开启智能漫游功能。
传统WLAN网络中,当STA不断远离AP时,STA的上网速率变得越来越低,但仍然保持关联而不是重新连接或发生漫游,导致用户体验差。通过配置智能漫游功能,当AP检测到STA的信噪比或接入速率低于指定的门限时,主动向STA发送解除关联报文,让STA重新连接或漫游,解决了STA在弱信号强度的情况下不会重新连接或漫游的问题。
由于该功能的特点,所以适用于高密静态场景,例如大型的阶梯教室,而不适合终端频繁移动的场景,例如无线城市,如果开启,建议使用缺省的门限参数。
从V200R011C10版本开始,WLAN配置会自动下发,不需要再执行命令commit all提交配置。
本举例使用的安全策略为WPA2-PSK-AES,为保证实际网络的安全性,请根据实际的需求配置合适的安全策略。
隧道转发模式下,管理VLAN和业务VLAN不能配置为同一VLAN。直接转发模式下,管理VLAN和业务VLAN建议也不要配置为同一VLAN。
数据转发方式为直接转发时,建议在直接连接AP的设备接口上配置端口隔离,如果不配置端口隔离,可能会在VLAN内存在不必要的广播报文,或者导致不同AP间的WLAN用户二层互通的问题。
适用的产品和版本请参见WLAN AP版本配套和形态速查表。
某小型企业为员工提供WLAN网络业务,由于场所面积不大,可以通过一台AC对AP进行管理。同时为了区分部门进行管理,不同部门的员工在不同的子网。企业希望员工在企业内部移动办公的同时网络业务不中断。
如图1所示,AC为企业员工提供业务服务,AC分别通过Switch_1和Switch_2连接AP_1和AP_2。
配置项 | 数据 |
---|---|
DHCP服务器 | AC作为DHCP服务器为STA和AP分配IP地址 |
AP的IP地址池 | 10.23.100.2~10.23.100.254/24 |
STA的IP地址池 | 10.23.101.2~10.23.101.254/24 |
AC的源接口IP地址 | VLANIF100:10.23.100.1/24 |
AP组 |
|
域管理模板 |
|
SSID模板 |
|
安全模板 |
|
VAP模板 |
|
采用如下的思路配置AC内漫游:
- # 在接入交换机Switch_1上创建VLAN100(管理VLAN)。Switch_1连接AP_1的接口GE0/0/1和连接AC的接口GE0/0/2加入VLAN100。
- <HUAWEI> system-view
- [HUAWEI] sysname Switch_1
- [Switch_1] vlan batch 100
- [Switch_1] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
- [Switch_1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk
- [Switch_1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk pvid vlan 100
- [Switch_1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
- [Switch_1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
- [Switch_1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] stp edged-port enable
- [Switch_1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port-isolate enable
- [Switch_1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit
- [Switch_1] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2
- [Switch_1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk
- [Switch_1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
- [Switch_1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
- [Switch_1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit
- # 在接入交换机Switch_2上创建VLAN100(管理VLAN)。Switch_2连接AP_2的接口GE0/0/1和连接AC的接口GE0/0/2加入VLAN100。
- <HUAWEI> system-view
- [HUAWEI] sysname Switch_2
- [Switch_2] vlan batch 100
- [Switch_2] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
- [Switch_2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk
- [Switch_2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk pvid vlan 100
- [Switch_2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
- [Switch_2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
- [Switch_2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] stp edged-port enable
- [Switch_2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port-isolate enable
- [Switch_2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit
- [Switch_2] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2
- [Switch_2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk
- [Switch_2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
- [Switch_2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
- [Switch_2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit
- # 配置AC连接Switch_1的接口GE0/0/1和连接Switch_2的接口GE0/0/2加入VLAN100。
- <HUAWEI> system-view
- [HUAWEI] sysname AC
- [AC] vlan batch 100 to 102
- [AC] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
- [AC-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk
- [AC-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
- [AC-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
- [AC-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit
- [AC] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2
- [AC-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk
- [AC-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
- [AC-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
- [AC-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit
-
- # 配置基于接口地址池的DHCP服务器,其中,VLANIF100接口为AP提供IP地址,VLANIF101为STA提供IP地址。
-
- DNS服务器地址请根据实际需要配置。常用配置方法如下:
-
- 接口地址池场景,需要在VLANIF接口视图下执行命令dhcp server dns-list ip-address &<1-8>。
- 全局地址池场景,需要在IP地址池视图下执行命令dns-list ip-address &<1-8>。
- [AC] dhcp enable
- [AC] interface vlanif 100
- [AC-Vlanif100] ip address 10.23.100.1 255.255.255.0
- [AC-Vlanif100] dhcp select interface
- [AC-Vlanif100] quit
- [AC] interface vlanif 101
- [AC-Vlanif101] ip address 10.23.101.1 255.255.255.0
- [AC-Vlanif101] dhcp select interface
- [AC-Vlanif101] quit
-
- # 创建AP组“ap-group1”。
-
- [AC] wlan
- [AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1
- [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
- # 创建域管理模板,在域管理模板下配置AC的国家码并在AP组下引用域管理模板。
-
- [AC-wlan-view] regulatory-domain-profile name domain
- [AC-wlan-regulate-domain-domain] country-code cn
- [AC-wlan-regulate-domain-domain] quit
- [AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1
- [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] regulatory-domain-profile domain
- Warning: This configuration change will clear the channel and power configurations of radios, and may restart APs. Continue?[Y/N]:y
- [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
- # 配置AC的源接口。
-
- [AC] capwap source interface vlanif 100
- # 在AC上离线导入AP,并将AP_1和AP_2加入AP组“ap-group1”中。假设AP_1和AP_2的类型为AP6010DN-AGN,其MAC地址分别为00e0-fc76-e360和00e0-fc04-b500。
- ap auth-mode命令缺省情况下为MAC认证,如果之前没有修改其缺省配置,可以不用执行ap auth-mode mac-auth。
-
- 举例中使用的AP为AP6010DN-AGN,具有射频0和射频1两个射频。
-
- [AC] wlan
- [AC-wlan-view] ap auth-mode mac-auth
- [AC-wlan-view] ap-id 0 ap-mac 00e0-fc76-e360
- [AC-wlan-ap-0] ap-name ap1
- [AC-wlan-ap-0] ap-group ap-group1
- Warning: This operation may cause AP reset. If the country code changes, it will clear channel, power and antenna gain configuration s of the radio, Whether to continue? [Y/N]:y
- [AC-wlan-ap-0] quit
- [AC-wlan-view] ap-id 1 ap-mac 00e0-fc04-b500
- [AC-wlan-ap-1] ap-name ap2
- [AC-wlan-ap-1] ap-group ap-group1
- Warning: This operation may cause AP reset. If the country code changes, it will clear channel, power and antenna gain configuration s of the radio, Whether to continue? [Y/N]:y
- [AC-wlan-ap-1] quit
- # 将AP上电后,当执行命令display ap all查看到AP的“State”字段为“nor”时,表示AP正常上线。
-
- [AC-wlan-view] display ap all
- Total AP information:
- nor : normal [2]
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ID MAC Name Group IP Type State STA Uptime
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 0 00e0-fc76-e360 ap1 ap-group1 10.23.100.254 AP6010DN-AGN nor 0 15S
- 1 00e0-fc04-b500 ap2 ap-group1 10.23.100.253 AP6010DN-AGN nor 0 10S
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Total: 2
- # 创建名为“wlan-security”的安全模板,并配置安全策略。
- 举例中以配置WPA2+PSK+AES的安全策略为例,密码为YsHsjx_202206,实际配置时请根据实际情况,配置符合实际要求的安全策略。
-
- [AC-wlan-view] security-profile name wlan-security
- [AC-wlan-sec-prof-wlan-security] security wpa2 psk pass-phrase YsHsjx_202206 aes
- [AC-wlan-sec-prof-wlan-security] quit
- # 创建名为“wlan-ssid”的SSID模板,并配置SSID名称为“wlan-net”。
-
- [AC-wlan-view] ssid-profile name wlan-ssid
- [AC-wlan-ssid-prof-wlan-ssid] ssid wlan-net
- [AC-wlan-ssid-prof-wlan-ssid] quit
- # 创建名为“wlan-vap1”的VAP模板,配置业务数据转发模式、业务VLAN,并引用安全模板“wlan-security”和SSID模板“wlan-ssid”。
-
- [AC-wlan-view] vap-profile name wlan-vap1
- [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap1] forward-mode tunnel
- [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap1] service-vlan vlan-id 101
- [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap1] security-profile wlan-security
- [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap1] ssid-profile wlan-ssid
- [AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap1] quit
- # 配置AP组“ap-group1”引用VAP模板“wlan-vap1”,AP上射频0和射频1都使用VAP模板的配置。
-
- [AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1
- [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] vap-profile wlan-vap1 wlan 1 radio 0
- [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] vap-profile wlan-vap1 wlan 1 radio 1
- [AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
- [AC-wlan-view] commit all
- Warning: Committing configuration may cause service interruption, continue?[Y/N]:y
- WLAN业务配置会自动下发给AP,配置完成后,执行命令display vap ssid wlan-net查看VAP信息,当“Status”显示为“ON”时,表示AP对应射频上的VAP已创建成功。
- [AC-wlan-view] display vap ssid wlan-net
- WID : WLAN ID
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- AP ID AP name RfID WID BSSID Status Auth type STA SSID
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 0 ap1 0 1 00E0-FC76-E360 ON WPA2-PSK 0 wlan-net
- 0 ap1 1 1 00E0-FC76-E370 ON WPA2-PSK 0 wlan-net
- 0 ap2 0 1 00E0-FC04-B500 ON WPA2-PSK 0 wlan-net
- 0 ap2 1 1 00E0-FC04-B510 ON WPA2-PSK 0 wlan-net
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Total: 2
- STA在AP_1的覆盖范围内搜索到SSID为“wlan-net”的无线网络,输入密码“YsHsjx_202206”并正常关联后,在AC上执行命令display station ssid wlan-net,查看STA的接入信息,可以看到STA关联到了AP_1,STA的MAC地址为“00e0-fcc7-1e08”。
- [AC-wlan-view] display station ssid wlan-net
- Rf/WLAN: Radio ID/WLAN ID
- Rx/Tx: link receive rate/link transmit rate(Mbps)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- STA MAC AP ID Ap name Rf/WLAN Band Type Rx/Tx RSSI VLAN IP address
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 00e0-fcc7-1e08 0 ap1 1/1 5G 11n 46/59 -57 101 10.23.101.254
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Total: 1 2.4G: 0 5G: 1
- 当STA从AP_1的覆盖范围移动到AP_2的覆盖范围时,在AC上执行命令display station ssid wlan-net,查看STA的接入信息,可以看到STA关联到了AP_2。
- [AC-wlan-view] display station ssid wlan-net
- Rf/WLAN: Radio ID/WLAN ID
- Rx/Tx: link receive rate/link transmit rate(Mbps)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- STA MAC AP ID Ap name Rf/WLAN Band Type Rx/Tx RSSI VLAN IP address
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 00e0-fcc7-1e08 1 ap2 1/1 5G 11n 46/59 -58 101 10.23.101.254
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Total: 1 2.4G: 0 5G: 1
- 在AC上执行命令display station roam-track sta-mac 00e0-fcc7-1e08,可以查看该STA的漫游轨迹。
- [AC-wlan-view] display station roam-track sta-mac 00e0-fcc7-1e08
- Access SSID:wlan-net
- Rx/Tx: link receive rate/link transmit rate(Mbps)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- L2/L3 AC IP AP name Radio ID
- BSSID TIME In/Out RSSI Out Rx/Tx
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -- 10.23.100.1 ap1 1
- 00e0-fc76-e360 2016/02/07 17:48:30 -57/-58 46/65
- L2 10.23.100.1 ap2 1
- 00e0-fc04-b500 2016/02/07 17:54:50 -58/- -/-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Number: 1
- Switch_1的配置文件
-
- #
- sysname Switch_1
- #
- vlan batch 100
- #
- interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
- port link-type trunk
- port trunk pvid vlan 100
- undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
- port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
- stp edged-port enable
- port-isolate enable group 1
- #
- interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
- port link-type trunk
- undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
- port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
- #
- return
- Switch_2的配置文件
-
- #
- sysname Switch_2
- #
- vlan batch 100
- #
- interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
- port link-type trunk
- port trunk pvid vlan 100
- undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
- port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
- stp edged-port enable
- port-isolate enable group 1
- #
- interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
- port link-type trunk
- undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
- port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
- #
- return
- AC的配置文件
-
- #
- sysname AC
- #
- vlan batch 100 to 102
- #
- dhcp enable
- #
- interface Vlanif100
- ip address 10.23.100.1 255.255.255.0
- dhcp select interface
- #
- interface Vlanif101
- ip address 10.23.101.1 255.255.255.0
- dhcp select interface
- #
- interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
- port link-type trunk
- undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
- port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
- #
- interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
- port link-type trunk
- undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
- port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
- #
- capwap source interface vlanif100
- #
- wlan
- security-profile name wlan-security
- security wpa2 psk pass-phrase %^%#]:krYrz_r<ee}|Cq@9V(W{ZD$"\-R-HD_y.4#U4,%^%# aes
- ssid-profile name wlan-ssid
- ssid wlan-net
- vap-profile name wlan-vap1
- forward-mode tunnel
- service-vlan vlan-id 101
- ssid-profile wlan-ssid
- security-profile wlan-security
- regulatory-domain-profile name domain
- ap-group name ap-group1
- regulatory-domain-profile domain
- radio 0
- vap-profile wlan-vap1 wlan 1
- radio 1
- vap-profile wlan-vap1 wlan 1
- ap-id 0 ap-mac 00e0-fc76-e360
- ap-name ap1
- ap-group ap-group1
- ap-id 1 ap-mac 00e0-fc04-b500
- ap-name ap2
- ap-group ap-group1
- #
- return
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