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烟花由中国古代人民较早发明,常用于盛大的典礼或表演中,也在除夕夜及元宵节中燃放用来烘托节日氛围。近年来随着环境污染的加剧,一些地区已经禁止燃放烟花了,那我们就用 Python 实现一场无污染的烟花秀。
import tkinter as tk
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
from time import time, sleep
from random import choice, uniform, randint
from math import sin, cos, radians
colors = ['red', 'blue', 'yellow', 'white', 'green', 'orange', 'purple', 'seagreen', 'indigo', 'cornflowerblue']
class fireworks: def __init__(self, cv, idx, total, explosion_speed, x=0., y=0., vx=0., vy=0., size=2., color='red', lifespan=2, **kwargs): self.id = idx # 烟花绽放 x 轴 self.x = x # 烟花绽放 x 轴 self.y = y self.initial_speed = explosion_speed # 外放 x 轴速度 self.vx = vx # 外放 y 轴速度 self.vy = vy # 绽放的粒子数 self.total = total # 已停留时间 self.age = 0 # 颜色 self.color = color # 画布 self.cv = cv self.cid = self.cv.create_oval(x - size, y - size, x + size, y + size, fill=self.color) self.lifespan = lifespan # 更新数据 def update(self, dt): self.age += dt # 粒子膨胀 if self.alive() and self.expand(): move_x = cos(radians(self.id * 360 / self.total)) * self.initial_speed move_y = sin(radians(self.id * 360 / self.total)) * self.initial_speed self.cv.move(self.cid, move_x, move_y) self.vx = move_x / (float(dt) * 1000) # 膨胀到最大下落 elif self.alive(): move_x = cos(radians(self.id * 360 / self.total)) self.cv.move(self.cid, self.vx + move_x, self.vy + 0.5 * dt) self.vy += 0.5 * dt # 过期移除 elif self.cid is not None: cv.delete(self.cid) self.cid = None # 定义膨胀效果的时间帧 def expand(self): return self.age <= 1.5 # 检查粒子是否仍在生命周期内 def alive(self): return self.age <= self.lifespan
def ignite(cv): t = time() # 烟花列表 explode_points = [] wait_time = randint(10, 100) # 爆炸的个数 numb_explode = randint(6, 10) for point in range(numb_explode): # 爆炸粒子列表 objects = [] # 爆炸 x 轴 x_cordi = randint(50, 550) # 爆炸 y 轴 y_cordi = randint(50, 150) speed = uniform(0.5, 1.5) size = uniform(0.5, 3) color = choice(colors) # 爆炸的绽放速度 explosion_speed = uniform(0.2, 1) # 爆炸的粒子数半径 total_particles = randint(10, 50) for i in range(1, total_particles): r = fireworks(cv, idx=i, total=total_particles, explosion_speed=explosion_speed, x=x_cordi, y=y_cordi, vx=speed, vy=speed, color=color, size=size, lifespan=uniform(0.6, 1.75)) # 添加进粒子列表里 objects.append(r) # 把粒子列表添加到烟花列表 explode_points.append(objects) total_time = .0 # 在 1.8 秒时间帧内保持更新 while total_time < 1.8: # 让画面暂停 0.01s sleep(0.01) # 刷新时间 tnew = time() t, dt = tnew, tnew - t # 遍历烟花列表 for point in explode_points: # 遍历烟花里的粒子列表 for item in point: # 更新时间 item.update(dt) # 刷新页面 cv.update() total_time += dt root.after(wait_time, ignite, cv)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
# 绘制一个画布
cv = tk.Canvas(root, height=400, width=600)
# 背景图
image = Image.open("bg.jpg")
photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image)
# 在画板上绘制一张图片
cv.create_image(0, 0, image=photo, anchor='nw')
cv.pack()
root.protocol(close)
root.after(100, ignite, cv)
# 生成窗口
root.mainloop()
最终效果,如图所示:
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