网安等保-国产Linux操作系统银河麒麟KylinOS-V10SP3常规配置、系统优化与安全加固基线实践文档_麒麟系统调优

本章目录：

0x00 前言简述

0x01 常规配置

• 1.主机IP地址与网关设置

• 2.主机DNS配置

• 3.镜像源配置

• 4.常规运维工具安装及系统升级

• 5.系统时间时区同步配置

0x02 系统优化

• 1.创建swap系统分区配置

• 2.系统资源句柄数优化配置

• 3.系统常规内核参数优化配置

• 4.系统服务优化配置

0x03 安全加固

• 1.远程登录主机提示信息

• 2.远程登录主机系统信息

• 3.远程登录sshd服务安全策略配置

• 4.系统账户安全策略配置

• 5.系统账户密码更改及过期策略配置

• 6.系统用户密码复杂性策略配置

• 7.系统用户登录失败策略配置

• 8.系统用户su/sudo权限策略配置

• 8.系统文件权限策略配置

• 9.系统grub引导安全策略配置

• 10.系统用户历史命令记录策略配置

• 11.系统安全日志事件记录策略配置

• 12.系统审计规则安全策略配置

• 13.配置禁用系统非必须别名策略

• 14.配置禁用桌面系统策略

• 15.配置禁用Ctrl+Alt+Del重启系统

• 16.配置rm删除回收站策略

• 17.配置清除临时文件策略

• 18.配置系统防火墙策略

• 19.配置重启服务器策略

0x00 前言简述

描述: 随着国家要求各政府部门及事企业单位服务器系统国产化，越来越多的的企业单位逐步引进国产化Linux操作系统(大趋势)，在众多国产操作系统中银河麒麟（KylinOS）、中科方德、统信UOS，此三家持续版本迭代超15年的其生态市场及占有率最高, 除此之外红旗Linux、共创Linux、凝思磐石、新支点、深度Linux、Start OS、思普操作系统、云针OS、鸿蒙OS、YunOS、OpenCloudOS等国产操作系统。

此处由于我们企业中是试用的银河麒麟（KylinOS）V10 SP3 版本的国产系统，为了试用该系统是否可以承载现有业务，以及满足网络安全等保2.0主机安全配置要求，遂针对该系统进行安全加固及常规初始化操作，设置安全基线镜像，以保证基础业务运行环境安全。

这里作者就不在针对银河麒麟（KylinOS）的国产系统进行详细介绍与下载安装讲解，有兴趣的朋友可以参照【1.国产银河麒麟V10服务器操作系统基础知识与安装实践】( https://blog.weiyigeek.top/2023/3-21-725.html ) 此文。

好的废话不多说，此处我将其分为三个章节，第一个章节是初始化运维常规配置，第二个章节是系统内核优化，第三个章节安全加固，此处我已经将其写成shell脚本可以直接运行加固大大的节省了我们运维人的时间，最后我会将安全加固shell脚本（部分适用于CentOS7操作系统）放在文章末尾, 以供各位看友使用实践参考，若有错误欢迎在【全栈工程师修炼指南】公众号留言。

若需观看视频实践演示，请在【全栈工程师修炼指南】公众号中回复【kylinos安全加固】或【10002】关键字获得脚本下载链接。

温馨提示: 在进行操作时请注意备份操作文件，以便于异常时及时回退。

温馨提示: 此处为了防止伸手党，以及尊重作者编写脚本, 实践成果，象征性的设置为收费文章，希望大家理解支持！

首发地址: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/eBF_Q-WkiZHKGdEG1MODNQ

0x01 常规配置

1.主机IP地址与网关设置

描述: 一台新安装的主机必须配置IP地址才能方便我们通过远程连接，所以第一步肯定是把网络打通，主要根据配置的IP地址与网络地址环境变量进行对应设置，例如下述部分脚本片段。

# Modify the IP/MASK and Gateway
VAR_NETINTERFACE=ens192
VAR_IP=192.168.4.201/24
VAR_GATEWAY=192.168.4.1
 
if [ ! -f /opt/init/ ];then
  mkdir -vp /opt/init/
sudo tee /opt/init/network.sh <<'EOF'
#!/bin/bash
# @Author: WeiyiGeek
# @Description: Configure KylinOS / CentOS Linux Server Network
# @E-mail: master@weiyigeek.top
# @Blog: https://www.weiyigeek.top
if [[ $# -lt 4 ]];then
  echo "Usage: $0 NetInterface IP/NETMASK GATEWAY DNS"
  echo "Example: $0 ens192 192.168.12.12/24 192.168.12.1 223.6.6.6"
  echo "@Author: WeiyiGeek"
  echo "@Blog: https://blog.weiyigeek.top"
  exit
fi
echo "Setting Network interface card: ${1}, IP: ${2} , GATEWAY: ${3}"
CURRENT_IP=$(hostname -I | cut -f 1 -d " ")
CURRENT_GATEWAY=$(hostname -I | cut -f 1,2,3,4 -d ".")
CURRENT_FILE=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-${1}
CONFIG_IP=${2%%/*}
CONFIG_PREFIX=${2##*/}
 
echo "Original Network info: IP: ${CURRENT_IP} , GATEWAY: ${CURRENT_GATEWAY}"
echo "Setting Network interface card: ${1}, IP/NETMASK: ${2} , GATEWAY: ${3}, DNS: ${4}"
 
if [[ -f ${CURRENT_FILE} ]];then
  # 已存在网卡配置文件的情况下
  egrep -q "^\s*ONBOOT=.*$" ${CURRENT_FILE} && sed -ri "s/^\s*ONBOOT=.*$/ONBOOT=yes/" ${CURRENT_FILE}|| echo "ONBOOT=yes" >> ${CURRENT_FILE}
  egrep -q "^\s*BOOTPROTO=.*$" ${CURRENT_FILE} && sed -ri "s/^\s*BOOTPROTO=.*$/BOOTPROTO=static/" ${CURRENT_FILE}|| echo "BOOTPROTO=static" >> ${CURRENT_FILE}
  egrep -q "^\s*IPADDR=.*$" ${CURRENT_FILE} && sed -ri "s/^\s*IPADDR=.*$/IPADDR=${CONFIG_IP}/" ${CURRENT_FILE}|| echo "IPADDR=${CONFIG_IP}" >> ${CURRENT_FILE}
  egrep -q "^\s*PREFIX=.*$" ${CURRENT_FILE} && sed -ri "s/^\s*PREFIX=.*$/PREFIX=${CONFIG_PREFIX}/" ${CURRENT_FILE}|| echo "PREFIX=${CONFIG_PREFIX}" >> ${CURRENT_FILE}
  egrep -q "^\s*GATEWAY=.*$" ${CURRENT_FILE} && sed -ri "s/^\s*GATEWAY=.*$/GATEWAY=${3}/" ${CURRENT_FILE}|| echo "GATEWAY=${3}" >> ${CURRENT_FILE}
  egrep -q "^\s*DNS1=.*$" ${CURRENT_FILE} && sed -ri "s/^\s*DNS1=.*$/DNS1=${4}/" ${CURRENT_FILE}|| echo "DNS1=${4}" >> ${CURRENT_FILE}
else
  nmcli dev show ${1}
  nmcli conn add connection.id ${1}-staic connection.interface-name ${1} connection.autoconnect yes type Ethernet ifname ${1} ipv4.method manual ipv4.address ${2} ipv4.gateway ${3} ipv4.dns ${4} ipv4.ignore-auto-dns true
fi
sudo nmcli c reload
 
read -t 5 -p "Heavy load network card, It is recommended to enter N during initialization (Y/N): " VERTIFY
if [[ ${VERIFY:="N"} == "Y" || ${VERIFY:="N"} == "y" ]]; then
  sudo nmcli c up ${1}
  sudo nmcli d reapply ${1}
else
  echo "Please reload the network card manually, run sudo nmcli d reapply ${1}."
fi
EOF
 
# 权限赋予
sudo chmod +x /opt/init/network.sh
/opt/init/network.sh ${VAR_NETINTERFACE} ${VAR_IP} ${VAR_GATEWAY} ${VAR_DNS_SERVER}

2.主机DNS配置

描述: 完成IP地址的配置后，我便需要为主机配置私有DNS或者公共的DNS，以便可以解析外部域名。

# Show  Script Execute result (Y/N)
VAR_VERIFY_RESULT=Y
# Modify the DNS server
# DNSPod: 119.29.29.29      Alidns: 223.5.5.5 223.6.6.6
# Google: 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4   Cloudflare: 1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1
# Baidu: 114.114.114.114
# Internal : Your intranet domain name resolution server
VAR_DNS_SERVER=( "223.5.5.5" "114.114.114.114"  "192.168.4.254")
 
local flag
# 此处配置的是百度IPV4 DNS与阿里云IPV6 DNS
sed -i -e "s/^#FallbackDNS=.*/FallbackDNS=114.114.114.114 2400:3200::1 2400:3200:baba::1/" -e "s/^#DNSSEC=.*/DNSSEC=allow-downgrade/" -e "s/^#DNSOverTLS=.*/DNSOverTLS=opportunistic/" /etc/systemd/resolved.conf
 
for dns in ${VAR_DNS_SERVER[@]};do
  grep -q "${dns}" /etc/systemd/resolved.conf
  if [ $? != 0 ];then
    echo "nameserver ${dns}"
    sed -i "/#DNS=/i DNS=${dns}" /etc/systemd/resolved.conf;
  fi
done
 
systemctl restart systemd-resolved && systemctl enable systemd-resolved
 
find /etc/resolv.conf -delete
ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
 
if [[ ${VERIFY:="N"} == "Y" || ${VERIFY:="N"} == "y" ]]; then
  grep -Ev '^#|^$' /etc/resolv.conf | uniq
  echo
  grep -Ev '^#|^$' /etc/systemd/resolved.conf | uniq
fi

3.镜像源配置

描述: 使用国外的操作系统，例如CentOS、Ubuntu、Debian、Alpine等操作系统，通常为了加快Linux系统中下载安装软件的速度，我们是需要配置软件镜像源，此处由于我们是国产操作系统，其软件更新源也肯定是在国内，所以通常无需调整。

但此处为了防止小伙伴们更改过该镜像源，我也将各发行版镜像源配置罗列出来。

local release
  cp /etc/yum.repos.d/kylin_x86_64.repo ${BACKUPDIR}
  # 1.根据主机发行版设置
  # (Tercel) 版本是 麒麟 V10 SP1 版本，
  # (Sword)  版本是 麒麟 V10 SP2 版本，
  # (Lance)  版本是 麒麟 V10 SP3 版本，
  release=$(grep -e "^VERSION=" /etc/os-release | cut -f 2 -d "=" | tr -d '[:punct:][:space:]')
 
if [ ${release} == "V10Lance" ];then
sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/kylin_x86_64.repo <<'EOF'
### Kylin Linux Advanced Server 10 (SP3) - os repo ###
[ks10-adv-os]
name = Kylin Linux Advanced Server 10 - Os
baseurl = https://update.cs2c.com.cn/NS/V10/V10SP3/os/adv/lic/base/$basearch/
gpgcheck = 1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-kylin
enabled = 1
 
[ks10-adv-updates]
name = Kylin Linux Advanced Server 10 - Updates
baseurl = https://update.cs2c.com.cn/NS/V10/V10SP3/os/adv/lic/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck = 1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-kylin
enabled = 1
 
[ks10-adv-addons]
name = Kylin Linux Advanced Server 10 - Addons
baseurl = https://update.cs2c.com.cn/NS/V10/V10SP3/os/adv/lic/addons/$basearch/
gpgcheck = 1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-kylin
enabled = 0
EOF
  # echo "7" > /etc/yum/vars/centos_version
  # wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
  elif [ ${release} == "V10Sword" ];then
    echo "暂未使用麒麟 V10 Sword SP2 版本，请自行百度搜索,镜像源!"
  elif [ ${release} == "V10Tercel" ];then
    echo "暂未使用麒麟 V10 Tercel SP1 版本，请自行百度搜索,镜像源!"
  else
    echo "暂未使用麒麟除 V10 以外的系统版本，请自行百度搜索,镜像源!"
  fi
  sudo yum clean all -y && sudo yum makecache
 
  read -t ${VAR_VERIFY_TIMEOUT} -p "Please input, Perform system software update and upgrade. (Y/N) : " VERIFY
  if [[ ${VERIFY:="N"} == "Y" || ${VERIFY:="N"} == "y" ]]; then
    sudo yum update -y && sudo yum upgrade -y
  fi

PS: 虽然银河麒麟（KylinOS）V10 SP3 系统中可以使用CentOS7的镜像源，但是并不建议这样否则在镜像软件更新安装时，将会出现莫名错误。

4.常规运维工具安装及系统升级

描述: 完成软件镜像源配置后我们便可进行系统更新以及，常规的运维工具安装了。

# 1.系统更新
echo "[-] 系统软件源更新."
sudo yum update && sudo yum upgrade -y && dnf repolist
 
# 2.安装系统所需的常规软件
echo "[-] 安装系统所需的常规软件."
sudo dnf install -y gcc make
sudo dnf install -y nano vim git unzip unrar ftp wget ntpdate dos2unix net-tools tree htop sysstat psmisc bash-completion jq rpcbind dialog nfs-utils
 
# 补充：代理方式进行更新
# echo "proxy=http://127.0.0.1:8080/" >> /etc/yum.conf
# sudo yum clean all -y && sudo yum update -y && sudo yum upgrade -y
# sudo yum install -y 软件包

5.系统时间时区同步配置

描述: 更新系统及对应工具后，我们需要针对系统时间时区做同步配置，此步骤非常重要往往会影响应用程序时间，建议在服务器中必须进行配置。

# Show  Script Execute result (Y/N)
VAR_VERIFY_RESULT=Y
# Modify the NTP server
# PS: "192.168.4.254" 为内部NTP服务器，若需要搭建NTP服务器请参考，此篇文章: https://blog.weiyigeek.top/2020/1-29-112.html
VAR_NTP_SERVER=( "ntp.aliyun.com" "ntp.tencent.com"  "192.168.10.254")
 
# 安装配置 chrony 时间同步服务器
# 方式1.安装 Chrony 客户端配置
if [[ $(rpm -qa | grep -c "chrony") -eq 0 ]];then
  dnf install -y chrony
fi
cp /etc/chrony.conf ${BACKUPDIR}
grep -E -q "^server" /etc/chrony.conf | sed -i 's/^server/# server/g' /etc/chrony.conf
grep -E -q "^pool" /etc/chrony.conf | sed -i 's/^pool/# pool/g' /etc/chrony.conf
for ntp in ${VAR_NTP_SERVER[@]};do
  echo "ntp server => ${ntp}"
  if [[ ${ntp} =~ "ntp" ]];then
    echo "pool ${ntp} iburst maxsources 4" >> /etc/chrony.conf;
  else
    echo "pool ${ntp} iburst maxsources 1" >> /etc/chrony.conf;
  fi
done
systemctl enable chronyd.service && systemctl restart chronyd.service
 
# chrony.conf 配置示例
# sudo tee /etc/chrony.conf <<'EOF'
# confdir /etc/conf.d
# server ntp.aliyun.com iburst maxsources 4
# server ntp.tencent.com iburst maxsources 4
# pool 192.168.10.254 iburst maxsources 1
# pool 192.168.12.254 iburst maxsources 2
# pool 192.168.4.254 iburst maxsources 3
# sourcedir /run/chrony-dhcp
# sourcedir /etc/sources.d
# keyfile /etc/chrony.keys
# driftfile /var/lib/chrony/chrony.drift
# ntsdumpdir /var/lib/chrony
# logdir /var/log/chrony
# maxupdateskew 100.0
# rtcsync
# makestep 1 3
# leapsectz right/UTC
# EOF
 
# 方式2.使用 ntpdate 工具定时同步
# sudo ntpdate 192.168.10.254 || sudo ntpdate 192.168.12.254 || sudo ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com
 
# 方式3.使用系统 systemd-timesyncd
# echo 'NTP=192.168.10.254 192.168.4.254' >> /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf
# echo 'FallbackNTP=ntp.aliyun.com' >> /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf
# systemctl restart systemd-timesyncd.service
if [[ ${VAR_VERIFY_RESULT} == "Y" ]];then systemctl status chronyd.service -l --no-pager;fi

主机时间同步校准与时区设置

# Modify the timezone
VAR_TIMEZONE=Asia/Shanghai
 
# 1.时区设置
sudo timedatectl set-timezone ${VAR_TIMEZONE}
# sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata  # 修改确认
# sudo bash -c "echo 'Asia/Shanghai' > /etc/timezone" # 与上一条命令一样
 
# 2.将当前的 UTC 时间写入硬件时钟 (硬件时间默认为UTC)
sudo timedatectl set-local-rtc 0
 
# 3.启用NTP时间同步：
sudo timedatectl set-ntp yes
 
# 4.校准时间服务器-时间同步(推荐使用chronyc进行平滑同步)
sudo chronyc tracking
 
# 5.手动校准-强制更新时间
# chronyc -a makestep
 
# 6.系统时钟同步硬件时钟
# sudo hwclock --systohc
sudo hwclock -w
echo "设置时间同步与时区后: $(date)"
 
# 7.重启依赖于系统时间的服务
sudo systemctl restart rsyslog.service crond.service

0x02 系统优化

1.创建swap系统分区配置

描述: 当服务器系统内存过小时，我们可以划分一块磁盘空间作为swap交换分区以补充内存过小，无法运行某些程序，通常情况下会出现在VPS上，针对于企业中的服务器基本都是在64G以上，请根据业务需求划分，我们由于使用了K8S云原生通常情况下需要禁用SWAP交换分区，不过此处作者还是将方法其罗列出来以供需要的朋友使用。

# Show  Script Execute result (Y/N)
VAR_VERIFY_RESULT=Y
# Modify Script vertify timeout (unit s)
VAR_VERIFY_TIMEOUT=8
 
echo "[${COUNT}] Create system swap partition."
read -t ${VAR_VERIFY_TIMEOUT} -p "Please input, Create swap partition. (Y/N) : " VERIFY
if [[ ${VERIFY:="N"} == "Y" || ${VERIFY:="N"} == "y" ]]; then
    # 1.验证当前内存大小
  MEM=$(free -m | awk '/Mem:/{print $2}')
  if [ "$MEM" -le 1280 ]; then
    MEM_LEVEL=1G
  elif [ "$MEM" -gt 1280 ] && [ "$MEM" -le 2500 ]; then
    MEM_LEVEL=2G
  elif [ "$MEM" -gt 2500 ] && [ "$MEM" -le 3500 ]; then
    MEM_LEVEL=3G
  elif [ "$MEM" -gt 3500 ] && [ "$MEM" -le 4500 ]; then
    MEM_LEVEL=4G
  elif [ "$MEM" -gt 4500 ] && [ "$MEM" -le  8000 ]; then
    MEM_LEVEL=6G
  elif [ "$MEM" -gt 8000 ]; then
    MEM_LEVEL=8G
  fi
 
  # 2.根据内存大小划分对应的swap分区并自动挂载
  if [ "$(free -m | awk '/Swap:/{print $2}')" == '0' ]; then
    fallocate -l "${MEM_LEVEL}" /swapfile
    chmod 600 /swapfile
    mkswap /swapfile >/dev/null 2>&1
    swapon /swapfile
    sed -i "/swap/d" /etc/fstab
    echo "/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
  fi
 
  # 3.swap分区内核参数调整
  egrep -q "^\s*vm.swappiness.*$" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s/^\s*vm.swappiness.*$/vm.swappiness = 10/" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "vm.swappiness = 10" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
  egrep -q "^\s*vm.vfs_cache_pressure.*$" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s/^\s*vm.vfs_cache_pressure.*$/vm.vfs_cache_pressure = 501/" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "vm.vfs_cache_pressure = 50" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
  sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
 
  if [[ $VAR_VERIFY_RESULT == "Y" ]]; then
    swapon --show
    echo .
    free -h
    echo .
    grep -Ev '^#|^$' /etc/fstab | uniq
  fi
fi

2.系统资源句柄数优化配置

描述: 为了提高系统的高并发以及防止程序报 Too many open file 错误，通常需要针对系统资源句柄数进行优化配置。

echo "[-] Linux 系统的最大进程数和最大文件打开数限制."
cp -a /etc/security/limits.conf ${BACKUPDIR}
egrep -q "^\s*ulimit -HSn\s+\w+.*$" /etc/profile && sed -ri "s/^\s*ulimit -HSn\s+\w+.*$/ulimit -HSn 655350/" /etc/profile || echo "ulimit -HSn 655350" >> /etc/profile
egrep -q "^\s*ulimit -HSu\s+\w+.*$" /etc/profile && sed -ri "s/^\s*ulimit -HSu\s+\w+.*$/ulimit -HSu 655350/" /etc/profile || echo "ulimit -HSu 655350" >> /etc/profile
if ! grep -qi "# OS Resources Limits Config" /etc/security/limits.conf; then
  sed -i 's/^# End of file*//' /etc/security/limits.conf
  {
    echo '# OS Resources Limits Config'
    echo '* soft nofile 655350'
    echo '* hard nofile 655350'
    echo '* soft nproc  unlimited'
    echo '* hard nproc  unlimited'
    echo '* soft core   unlimited'
    echo '* hard core   unlimited'
    echo '# End of file'
  } >> /etc/security/limits.conf
fi
 
if [[ $VAR_VERIFY_RESULT == "Y" ]]; then grep -Ev '^#|^$' /etc/security/limits.conf | uniq;fi

3.系统常规内核参数优化配置

描述: 服务器内核参数的优化有助于系统以及应用程序提供更好的性能，但是通常需要针对应用程序特点以及应用场景进行相应配置，下述只是常规配置有侧重点的朋友们，可根据实际情况进行调整。

# Show  Script Execute result (Y/N)
VAR_VERIFY_RESULT=Y
# Modify Script vertify timeout (unit s)
VAR_VERIFY_TIMEOUT=8
 
# 1.系统内核参数的配置文件/etc/sysctl.conf
echo "[-] 系统内核参数的优化配置 /etc/sysctl.conf"
# 启用IPV4数据包转发（业务需要）
egrep -q "^(#)?net.ipv4.ip_forward.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?net.ipv4.ip_forward.*|net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1|g"  /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
# egrep -q "^(#)?net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables.*|net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1|g" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
# egrep -q "^(#)?net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables.*|net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1|g" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
egrep -q "^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6.*|net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1|g" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
egrep -q "^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6.*|net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1|g" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
egrep -q "^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6.*|net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1|g" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
egrep -q "^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding.*|net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1|g" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1"  >> /etc/sysctl.conf
 
# 2.系统内核参数扩展优化配置
if ! grep -qi "# OS Resources Limits Config" /etc/sysctl.conf; then
tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf <<'EOF'
# Configuration of system kernel parameters
# 禁止 icmp 重定向报文
net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0
# 忽略 icmp echo 请求广播
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1
# 禁止 icmp 源路由
net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
 
# 禁止发送重定向 (若非必须建议设置 0)
net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0
 
# 禁止对主机进行 IP 伪装
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
 
# 限制一个进程可以拥有的VMA(虚拟内存区域)的数量
vm.max_map_count = 262144
 
# 设置内存分配策略，使用0表示内核将检查是否有足够的可用内存。
vm.overcommit_memory = 0
 
# 调整提升服务器负载能力之外,还能够防御小流量的Dos、CC和SYN攻击
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
# net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 60
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fastopen = 3
 
# 优化TCP的可使用端口范围及提升服务器并发能力(注意一般流量小的服务器上没必要设置如下参数)
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 7200
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 8192
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 16384
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535
 
# 优化核套接字TCP的缓存区
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 8192
net.core.somaxconn = 32768
net.core.rmem_max = 12582912
net.core.rmem_default = 6291456
net.core.wmem_max = 12582912
net.core.wmem_default = 6291456
 
# 内存缓存IO优化
vm.dirty_background_ratio = 5
vm.dirty_ratio = 10
EOF
fi
if [[ ${VAR_VERIFY_RESULT} == "Y" ]];then sysctl -p;fi

4.系统服务优化配置

描述: 针对我们新安装的KylinOS服务器中往往存在许多非必须服务，此处我们可以根据需求禁用相关服务。

# 1.用于关闭与禁用某些服务端口
echo "[-] 用于关闭与禁用某些服务端口。."
local VAR_APP_SERVICE VAR_SYSTEM_SERVICE
VAR_APP_SERVICE="telnet.socket printer sendmail nfs kshell lpd tftp ident time ntalk bootps klogin ypbind daytime nfslock echo discard chargen debug-shell.service"
VAR_SYSTEM_SERVICE="chargen-dgram daytime-stream echo-streamklogin tcpmux-server chargen-stream discard-dgram eklogin krb5-telnet tftp cvs discard-stream ekrb5-telnet kshell time-dgram daytime-dgram echo-dgram gssftp rsync time-stream"
 
for i in ${VAR_APP_SERVICE};do
  echo "Status and Disable APP ${i} Service!"
  # systemctl status ${i}
  systemctl stop ${i};systemctl disable ${i};
done
 
for i in ${VAR_SYSTEM_SERVICE};do
  echo "Status and Disable System ${i} Service!"
  # systemctl status ${i}
  systemctl stop ${i};systemctl disable ${i};
done
 
# 2.禁用烦人的apport错误报告
if [ -f /etc/default/apport ]; then
  cp /etc/default/apport ${BACKUPDIR}
  sed -i 's/enabled=.*/enabled=0/' /etc/default/apport
  systemctl stop apport.service
  systemctl disable apport.service
  systemctl mask apport.service >/dev/null 2>&1
fi
 
read -t ${VAR_VERIFY_TIMEOUT} -p "Please input, is service verificating (Y/N) : " VERIFY
if [[ ${VERIFY:="N"} == "Y" || ${VERIFY:="N"} == "y" ]]; then
  systemctl status apport.service --no-pager
else
  log::success "[${COUNT}] This operation is completed!"
fi
 
# 3.非云的环境下禁用或者卸载多余的cloud-init软件及其服务
sudo systemctl stop cloud-init.target cloud-init.service cloud-config.service cloud-init-local.service cloud-final.service
sudo systemctl disable cloud-init.target cloud-init.service cloud-config.service cloud-init-local.service cloud-final.service
sudo systemctl mask cloud-init.service cloud-config.service cloud-init-local.service cloud-final.service >/dev/null 2>&1
 
# 禁用 Ubuntu 中的 cloud-init, 在 /etc/cloud 目录下创建 cloud-init.disable 文件(重启后生效)
if [ ! -f /etc/cloud/cloud-init.disable ];then sudo touch /etc/cloud/cloud-init.disable;fi
read -t ${VAR_VERIFY_TIMEOUT} -p "Please input, is Remove cloud-init related files and their directories (Y/N) : " VERIFY
if [[ ${VERIFY:="N"} == "Y" || ${VERIFY:="N"} == "y" ]]; then
  sudo apt purge cloud-init -y
  sudo rm -rf /etc/cloud && sudo rm -rf /var/lib/cloud/
fi
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
 
# 4.在系统启动时禁用debug-shell服务
systemctl stop debug-shell.service
systemctl mask debug-shell.service >/dev/null 2>&1
if [[ $VAR_VERIFY_RESULT == "Y" ]]; then
  systemctl status debug-shell.service --no-pager
fi

0x03 安全加固

1.远程登录主机提示信息

描述: 配置提示信息可以提示运维人员以及恶意人员，在非权限授权时禁止访问。

# 1.设置SSH登录前警告Banner提示
egrep -q "^\s*(banner|Banner)\s+\W+.*$" /etc/ssh/sshd_config && sed -ri "s/^\s*(banner|Banner)\s+\W+.*$/Banner \/etc\/issue.net/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config || echo "Banner /etc/issue.net" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo tee /etc/issue <<'EOF'
************************* [ 安全登陆 (Security Login) ] ************************
Authorized users only. All activity will be monitored and reported.By WeiyiGeek Security Center.
Author: WeiyiGeek
blog: https://blog.weiyigeek.top
 
EOF
 
sudo tee /etc/issue.net <<'EOF'
************************* [ 安全登陆 (Security Login) ] *************************
Authorized users only. All activity will be monitored and reported.By WeiyiGeek Security Center.
Author: WeiyiGeek
blog: https://blog.weiyigeek.top
 
EOF
 
# 2.本地控制台与SSH登录后提示自定义提示信息
tee /etc/motd <<'EOF'
Welcome to KylinOS Private Cloud Computer Service!
If the server is abnormal, please add WX weiyigeeker (WeiyiGeek-Security-Center)
 
                   _ooOoo_
                  o8888888o
                  88" . "88
                  (| -_- |)
                  O\  =  /O
               ____/`---'\____
             .'  \\|     |//  `.
            /  \\|||  :  |||//  \
           /  _||||| -:- |||||-  \
           |   | \\\  -  /// |   |
           | \_|  ''\---/''  |   |
           \  .-\__  `-`  ___/-. /
         ___`. .'  /--.--\  `. . __
      ."" '<  `.___\_<|>_/___.'  >'"".
     | | :  `- \`.;`\ _ /`;.`/ - ` : | |
     \  \ `-.   \_ __\ /__ _/   .-` /  /
======`-.____`-.___\_____/___.-`____.-'======
                   `=---='
 
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
           佛祖保佑       永不死机
           心外无法       法外无心
EOF

脚本执行效果:

2.远程登录主机系统信息

描述: 在登录到系统后及时的显示服务器系统相关信息，包括但不限于系统资源信息、登录时间、失败信息，以及各分区磁盘使用率。

后续完整文章请访问获取，https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/eBF_Q-WkiZHKGdEG1MODNQ