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要先配置环境变量,然后cmd安装:pip install pymysql
- #引入decimal模块
- import pymysql
-
- #连接数据库
- db=pymysql.connect(host='localhost',user='root',password='1234',charset='utf8')
-
- #创建一个游标对象(相当于指针)
- cursor=db.cursor()
-
- #执行创建数据库语句
- cursor.execute('create schema wzg default charset=utf8;')
- cursor.execute('show databases;')
-
- #fetchone获取一条数据(元组类型)
- print(cursor.fetchone())
- #现在指针到了[1]的位置
-
- #fetchall获取全部数据(字符串类型)
- all=cursor.fetchall()
- for i in all:
- print(i[0])
-
- #关闭游标和数据库连接
- cursor.close()
- db.close()
- import pymysql
-
- #连接数据库,并打开wzg数据库(数据库已创建)
- db=pymysql.connect(host='localhost',user='root',password='1234',charset='utf8',db='wzg')
-
- #创建游标对象
- cursor=db.cursor()
-
- try:
- #创建student表,并执行
- sql='''create table student(
- SNO char(10),
- SNAME varchar(20) NOT NULL,
- SSEX varchar(1),
- primary key(SNO)
- )default charset=utf8;'''
- cursor.execute(sql)
-
- #插入一条数据,并执行
- insert_sql='''
- insert into student values('200303016','王智刚','男'),('20030001','小明','男')
- '''
- cursor.execute(insert_sql)
-
- #将数据提交给数据库(加入数据,修改数据要先提交)
- db.commit()
-
- #执行查询语句
- cursor.execute('select * from student')
-
- #打印全部数据
- all=cursor.fetchall()
- for i in all:
- print(i)
-
- #发生错误时,打印报错原因
- except Exception as e:
- print(e)
-
- #无论是否报错都执行
- finally:
- cursor.close()
- db.close()
数据库中char和varchar的区别:
char类型的长度是固定的,varchar的长度是可变的。
例如:存储字符串'abc',使用char(10),表示存储的字符将占10个字节(包括7个空字符),
使用varchar(10),表示只占3个字节,10是最大值,当存储的字符小于10时,按照实际的长度存储。
完成功能:1.查询 2.取钱 3.存钱 4.退出
1、创建数据库为(bank),账户信息表为(account)
account_id(varchar(20)) | Account_passwd(char(6)) | Money(decimal(10,2)) |
001 | 123456 | 1000.00 |
002 | 456789 | 5000.00 |
2、拓展:进行账号和密码的匹配
请输入账号:001
请输入密码:123456
select * from account where account_id=001 and Account_passwd=123456
if cursor.fetchall():
登录成功
else:
登录失败
- import pymysql
-
- # 连接数据库
- db = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', user='root', password='1234', charset='utf8')
- cursor = db.cursor()
-
- # 创建bank库
- cursor.execute('create database bank charset utf8;')
- cursor.execute('use bank;')
-
- try:
- # # 创建表
- # sql = '''create table account(
- # account_id varchar(20) NOT NULL,
- # account_passwd char(6) NOT NULL,
- # money decimal(10,2),
- # primary key(account_id)
- # );'''
- # cursor.execute(sql)
-
- # # 插入数据
- # insert_sql = '''
- # insert into account values('001','123456',1000.00),('002','456789',5000.00)
- # '''
- # cursor.execute(insert_sql)
- # db.commit()
-
- # # 查询所有数据
- # cursor.execute('select * from account')
- # all = cursor.fetchall()
- # for i in all:
- # print(i)
-
- # 输入账号和密码
- z=input("请输入账号:")
- m=input("请输入密码:")
-
- # 从account表中进行账号和密码的匹配
- cursor.execute('select * from account where account_id=%s and account_passwd=%s',(z,m))
-
- # 如果找到,则登录成功
- if cursor.fetchall():
- print('登录成功')
- else:
- print('登录失败')
-
- except Exception as e:
- print(e)
-
- finally:
- cursor.close()
- db.close()
- import pymysql
-
- # 创建bank库
- CREATE_SCHEMA_SQL='''
- create schema bank charset utf8;
- '''
-
- # 创建account表
- CREATE_TABLE_SQL = '''
- create table account(
- account_id varchar(20) NOT NULL,
- account_passwd char(6) NOT NULL,
- # decimal用于保存精确数字的类型,decimal(10,2)表示总位数最大为12位,其中整数10位,小数2位
- money decimal(10,2),
- primary key(account_id)
- ) default charset=utf8;
- '''
-
- # 创建银行账户
- CREATE_ACCOUNT_SQL = '''
- insert into account values('001','123456',1000.00),('002','456789',5000.00);
- '''
-
- # 初始化
- def init():
- try:
- DB = pymysql.connect(host='localhost',user='root',password='1234',charset='utf8')
- cursor1 = DB.cursor()
- cursor1.execute(CREATE_SCHEMA_SQL)
- DB = pymysql.connect(host='localhost',user='root',password='1234',charset='utf8',database='bank')
- cursor2 = DB.cursor()
- cursor2.execute(CREATE_TABLE_SQL)
- cursor2.execute(CREATE_ACCOUNT_SQL)
- DB.commit()
- print('初始化成功')
-
- except Exception as e:
- print('初始化失败',e)
-
- finally:
- cursor1.close()
- cursor2.close()
- DB.close()
-
- # 不让别人调用
- if __name__ == "__main__":
- init()
-
- import pymysql
-
- # 定义全局变量为空
- DB=None
-
- # 创建Account类
- class Account():
- # 传入参数
- def __init__(self,account_id,account_passwd):
- self.account_id=account_id
- self.account_passwd=account_passwd
-
- # 登录检查
- def check_account(self):
- cursor=DB.cursor()
- try:
- # 把输入账号和密码进行匹配(函数体内部传入参数用self.)
- SQL="select * from account where account_id=%s and account_passwd=%s" %(self.account_id,self.account_passwd)
- cursor.execute(SQL)
-
- # 匹配成功返回True,失败返回False
- if cursor.fetchall():
- return True
- else:
- return False
-
- except Exception as e:
- print("错误原因:",e)
- finally:
- cursor.close()
-
- # 查询余额
- # def query_money
-
- # 取钱
- # def reduce_money
-
- # 存钱
- # def add_money
-
- def main():
- # 定义全局变量
- global DB
-
- # 连接bank库
- DB=pymysql.connect(host="localhost",user="root",passwd="1234",database="bank")
- cursor=DB.cursor()
-
- # 输入账号和密码
- from_account_id=input("请输入账号:")
- from_account_passwd=input("请输入密码:")
-
- # 输入的参数传入给Account类,并创建account对象
- account=Account(from_account_id,from_account_passwd)
-
- # 调用check_account方法,进行登录检查
- if account.check_account():
- choose=input("请输入操作:\n1、查询余额\n2、取钱\n3、存钱\n4、取卡\n")
- # 当输入不等于4的时候执行,等于4则退出
- while choose!="4":
- # 查询
- if choose=="1":
- print("111")
- # 取钱
- elif choose=="2":
- print("222")
- # 存钱
- elif choose=="3":
- print("333")
- # 上面操作完成之后,继续输入其他操作
- choose = input("请输入操作:\n1、查询余额\n2、取钱\n3、存钱\n4、取卡\n")
- else:
- print("谢谢使用!")
- else:
- print("账号或密码错误")
- DB.close()
- main()
存在银行里的钱可能会产生利息,所以需要考虑余额为小数的问题,需要用到decimal库
- import pymysql
- # 引入decimal模块
- import decimal
- DB=None
- class Account():
-
- def __init__(self,account_id,account_passwd):
- self.account_id=account_id
- self.account_passwd=account_passwd
-
- # 登录检查
- def check_account(self):
- cursor=DB.cursor()
- try:
- SQL="select * from account where account_id=%s and account_passwd=%s" %(self.account_id,self.account_passwd)
- cursor.execute(SQL)
- if cursor.fetchall():
- return True
- else:
- return False
- except Exception as e:
- print("错误",e)
- finally:
- cursor.close()
-
- # 查询余额
- def query_money(self):
- cursor=DB.cursor()
- try:
- # 匹配账号密码,并返回money
- SQL="select money from account where account_id=%s and account_passwd=%s" %(self.account_id,self.account_passwd)
- cursor.execute(SQL)
- money=cursor.fetchone()[0]
- # 如果账户有钱就返回金额,没钱返回0.00
- if money:
- # 返回值为decimal类型,quantize函数进行四舍五入,'0.00'表示保留两位小数
- return str(money.quantize(decimal.Decimal('0.00')))
- else:
- return 0.00
- except Exception as e:
- print("错误原因",e)
- finally:
- cursor.close()
-
- def main():
- global DB
- DB=pymysql.connect(host="localhost",user="root",passwd="1234",charset="utf8",database="bank")
- cursor=DB.cursor()
- from_account_id=input("请输入账号:")
- from_account_passwd=input("请输入密码:")
- account=Account(from_account_id,from_account_passwd)
- if account.check_account():
- choose=input("请输入操作:\n1、查询余额\n2、取钱\n3、存钱\n4、取卡\n")
- while choose!="4":
- # 查询
- if choose=="1":
- # 调用query_money方法
- print("您的余额是%s元" % account.query_money())
- # 取钱
- elif choose=="2":
- print("222")
- # 存钱
- elif choose=="3":
- print("333")
- choose = input("请输入操作:\n1、查询余额\n2、取钱\n3、存钱\n4、取卡\n")
- else:
- print("谢谢使用")
- else:
- print("账号或密码错误")
- DB.close()
- main()
取钱存钱要用update来执行数据库,还要注意取钱需要考虑余额是否充足的问题
- import pymysql
- import decimal
- DB=None
- class Account():
-
- def __init__(self,account_id,account_passwd):
- self.account_id=account_id
- self.account_passwd=account_passwd
-
- # 登录检查
- def check_account(self):
- cursor=DB.cursor()
- try:
- SQL="select * from account where account_id=%s and account_passwd=%s" %(self.account_id,self.account_passwd)
- cursor.execute(SQL)
- if cursor.fetchall():
- return True
- else:
- return False
- except Exception as e:
- print("错误",e)
- finally:
- cursor.close()
-
- # 查询余额
- def query_money(self):
- cursor=DB.cursor()
- try:
- SQL="select money from account where account_id=%s and account_passwd=%s" %(self.account_id,self.account_passwd)
- cursor.execute(SQL)
- money=cursor.fetchone()[0]
- if money:
- return str(money.quantize(decimal.Decimal('0.00')))
- else:
- return 0.00
- except Exception as e:
- print("错误原因",e)
- finally:
- cursor.close()
-
- # 取钱(注意传入money参数)
- def reduce_money(self,money):
- cursor = DB.cursor()
- try:
- # 先调用query_money方法,查询余额
- has_money=self.query_money()
-
- # 所取金额小于余额则执行(注意类型转换)
- if decimal.Decimal(money) <= decimal.Decimal(has_money):
-
- # 进行数据更新操作
- SQL="update account set money=money-%s where account_id=%s and account_passwd=%s" %(money,self.account_id,self.account_passwd)
- cursor.execute(SQL)
-
- # rowcount进行行计数,行数为1则将数据提交给数据库
- if cursor.rowcount==1:
- DB.commit()
- return True
- else:
- # rollback数据库回滚,行数不为1则不执行
- DB.rollback()
- return False
- else:
- print("余额不足")
- except Exception as e:
- print("错误原因",e)
- finally:
- cursor.close()
-
- # 存钱
- # def add_money
-
- def main():
- global DB
- DB=pymysql.connect(host="localhost",user="root",passwd="1234",charset="utf8",database="bank")
- cursor=DB.cursor()
- from_account_id=input("请输入账号:")
- from_account_passwd=input("请输入密码:")
- account=Account(from_account_id,from_account_passwd)
- if account.check_account():
- choose=input("请输入操作:\n1、查询余额\n2、取钱\n3、存钱\n4、取卡\n")
- while choose!="4":
- # 查询
- if choose=="1":
- print("您的余额是%s元" % account.query_money())
- # 取钱
- elif choose=="2":
- # 先查询余额,再输入取款金额,防止取款金额大于余额
- money=input("您的余额是%s元,请输入取款金额" % account.query_money())
- # 调用reduce_money方法,money不为空则取款成功
- if account.reduce_money(money):
- print("取款成功,您的余额还有%s元" % account.query_money())
- else:
- print("取款失败!")
- # 存钱
- elif choose=="3":
- print("333")
- choose = input("请输入操作:\n1、查询余额\n2、取钱\n3、存钱\n4、取卡\n")
- else:
- print("谢谢使用!")
- else:
- print("账号或密码错误")
- DB.close()
- main()
存钱功能和取钱功能相似,而且不需要考虑余额的问题,至此已完善当前所有功能
- import pymysql
- import decimal
- DB=None
- class Account():
- def __init__(self,account_id,account_passwd):
- self.account_id=account_id
- self.account_passwd=account_passwd
-
- # 登录检查
- def check_account(self):
- cursor=DB.cursor()
- try:
- SQL="select * from account where account_id=%s and account_passwd=%s" %(self.account_id,self.account_passwd)
- cursor.execute(SQL)
- if cursor.fetchall():
- return True
- else:
- return False
- except Exception as e:
- print("错误",e)
- finally:
- cursor.close()
-
- # 查询余额
- def query_money(self):
- cursor=DB.cursor()
- try:
- SQL="select money from account where account_id=%s and account_passwd=%s" %(self.account_id,self.account_passwd)
- cursor.execute(SQL)
- money=cursor.fetchone()[0]
- if money:
- return str(money.quantize(decimal.Decimal('0.00')))
- else:
- return 0.00
- except Exception as e:
- print("错误原因",e)
- finally:
- cursor.close()
-
- # 取钱
- def reduce_money(self,money):
- cursor = DB.cursor()
- try:
- has_money=self.query_money()
- if decimal.Decimal(money) <= decimal.Decimal(has_money):
- SQL="update account set money=money-%s where account_id=%s and account_passwd=%s" %(money,self.account_id,self.account_passwd)
- cursor.execute(SQL)
- if cursor.rowcount==1:
- DB.commit()
- return True
- else:
- DB.rollback()
- return False
- else:
- print("余额不足")
- except Exception as e:
- print("错误原因",e)
- finally:
- cursor.close()
-
- # 存钱
- def add_money(self,money):
- cursor = DB.cursor()
- try:
- SQL="update account set money=money+%s where account_id=%s and account_passwd=%s" %(money,self.account_id,self.account_passwd)
- cursor.execute(SQL)
- if cursor.rowcount==1:
- DB.commit()
- return True
- else:
- DB.rollback()
- return False
- except Exception as e:
- DB.rollback()
- print("错误原因",e)
- finally:
- cursor.close()
-
- def main():
- global DB
- DB=pymysql.connect(host="localhost",user="root",passwd="1234",charset="utf8",database="bank")
- cursor=DB.cursor()
- from_account_id=input("请输入账号:")
- from_account_passwd=input("请输入密码:")
- account=Account(from_account_id,from_account_passwd)
- if account.check_account():
- choose=input("请输入操作:\n1、查询余额\n2、取钱\n3、存钱\n4、取卡\n")
- while choose!="4":
- # 查询
- if choose=="1":
- print("您的余额是%s元" % account.query_money())
- # 取钱
- elif choose=="2":
- money=input("您的余额是%s元,请输入取款金额" % account.query_money())
- if account.reduce_money(money):
- print("取款成功,您的余额还有%s元" % account.query_money())
- else:
- print("取款失败!")
- # 存钱
- elif choose=="3":
- money=input("请输入存款金额:")
- if account.add_money(money):
- print("存款成功,您的余额还有%s元,按任意键继续\n" % (account.query_money()))
- else:
- print("存款失败,按任意键继续")
- choose = input("请输入操作:\n1、查询余额\n2、取钱\n3、存钱\n4、取卡\n")
- else:
- print("谢谢使用!")
- else:
- print("账号或密码错误")
- DB.close()
- main()
原文链接:Python——连接数据库操作 - 王智刚 - 博客园
作者:王智刚
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