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华为设备静态路由+BFD(NQA)配置_华为nqa配置命令

华为nqa配置命令
  1. 项目拓扑与项目需求

项目需求

① 主链路为电信,电信链路出故障时,业务数据流量切换到联通链路

  1. 实验步骤

步骤1:设备重命名以及IP地址的配置

设备

接口编号

IP地址

AR1

G0/0/0

10.0.13.1/24

G0/0/1

10.0.14.1/24

AR2

G0/0/0

10.0.23.2/24

G0/0/1

10.0.14.2/24

AR3

G0/0/0

10.0.13.3/24

G0/0/1

10.0.23.3/24

G0/0/2

10.0.100.3/24

AR4

G0/0/0

10.0.14.4/24

G0/0/1

10.0.24.4/24

Loop back0

100.100.100.100/32

LSW1

Vlanif1

10.0.100.1/24

内网配置IP地址与vlan划分规划:

设备

接口编号

IP地址

链路类型

所属vlan/网关

LSW1

G0/0/0

10.1.1.254/24(vlanif10)

Trunk

/

G0/0/1

20.1.1.254/24(vlanif20)

Trunk

/

LSW2

G0/0/2

/

Access

20

G0/0/3

/

Trunk

/

LSW3

G0/0/2

/

Access

10

G0/0/1

/

Trunk

/

PC1

E0/0/1

10.1.1.1/24

/

10/vlanif10

PC2

E0/0/1

20.1.1.1/24

/

20/vlanif20

按照规划自行配置,不做赘述。

步骤2 :配置LSW1与AR3之间路由可达(静态路由),在R3上做双出口去往公网,其中电信为主链路,联通为备份链路。

  1. 配置静态路由,实现内网路由传到外网

LSW1的配置

[LSW1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.0.100.3

AR3的配置

[AR3]ip route-static 10.1.1.0 24 10.0.100.1

[AR3]ip route-static 20.1.1.0 24 10.0.100.1

  1. 配置静态路由,实现一主一备

[AR3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.0.13.1 description dianxin    

[AR3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.0.23.2 preference 61 description liantong

  1. 配置NAT,实现私网地址转换

[AR3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source any  

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000      

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000

步骤3:运行OSPF实现公网互通

AR1的配置:

[AR1]ospf

[AR1-ospf-1]area 0

[AR1-ospf-1-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.14.0 0.0.0.255

[AR1-ospf-1-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.13.0 0.0.0.255

AR 1和AR 2自行配置,不做赘述。

步骤4:配置单臂回声(适用于AR1和SW4之间链路故障场景

(1)AR3的配置

[AR3]bfd //开启BFD

[AR3-bfd]quit

[AR3]bfd huawei bind peer-ip 10.0.13.1 interface g0/0/0 one-arm-echo//单臂回声

[AR3-bfd-session-huwei]//创建好了一个BFD会话

[AR3-bfd-session-huwei]discriminator local 1000//本端的BFD会话id

[AR3-bfd-session-huwei]commit//使能会话

查看会话建立情况:

[AR3-bfd-session-huwei]display bfd session all

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Local Remote     PeerIpAddr      State     Type        InterfaceName           

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1000  -          10.0.13.1       Up        S_IP_IF     GigabitEthernet0/0/0    

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

     Total UP/DOWN Session Number : 1/0

将AR1的G0/0/0接口关闭后查看会话表:

[AR3-bfd-session-huwei]display bfd session all

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Local Remote     PeerIpAddr      State     Type        InterfaceName           

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1000  -          10.0.13.1       Down      S_IP_IF     GigabitEthernet0/0/0    

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

     Total UP/DOWN Session Number : 0/1

可知会话状态为down,检测成功

(2)配置BFD与静态路由联动

[AR3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.0.13.1 track bfd-session huawei

Info: Succeeded in modifying route.

将AR1的G0/0/0接口down掉:

PC>ping 100.100.100.100

Ping 100.100.100.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

From 100.100.100.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=252 time=46 ms

From 100.100.100.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=252 time=94 ms

From 100.100.100.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=252 time=47 ms

From 100.100.100.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=252 time=94 ms

From 100.100.100.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=252 time=78 ms

--- 100.100.100.100 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  5 packet(s) received

  0.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 46/71/94 ms

可知网络联通性正常

跟踪流量路线:

PC>tracert 100.100.100.100

traceroute to 100.100.100.100, 8 hops max

(ICMP), press Ctrl+C to stop

 1  10.1.1.254   63 ms  31 ms  47 ms

 2    *  *  *

 3    *10.0.23.2   78 ms  62 ms

 4  100.100.100.100   63 ms  62 ms  63 ms

可知PC访问外网走联通链路,实现链路切换

步骤5:配置NQA(适用于AR1与AR4之间链路故障场景)

(1)AR3的配置

[AR3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.0.13.1

Info: Succeeded in modifying route.

[AR3]undo bfd huawei  //删除BFD会话

[AR3]nqa test-instance 1 1

[AR3-nqa-1-1]test-type icmp

[AR3-nqa-1-1]source-address ipv4 10.0.13.3

[AR3-nqa-1-1]destination-address ipv4 100.100.100.100

[AR3-nqa-1-1]frequency 10 //执行的时间间隔

[AR3-nqa-1-1]timeout 1     //配置NQA测试样例自动执行测试的时间间隔

[AR3-nqa-1-1]interval seconds 1 //配置测试报文的发送间隔

[AR3-nqa-1-1]start now  //开始运行

(2)NQA与静态路由联动配置

[AR3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.0.13.1 track nqa 1 1

Info: Succeeded in modifying route.

将AR1的G0/0/1接口shutdown 查看nqa 运行结果:

[AR3]display nqa results

查看路由表:

[AR3]display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Routing Tables: Public

         Destinations : 17       Routes : 16      

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        0.0.0.0/0   Static  61   0          RD   10.0.23.2       GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

由表可知链路已切换

测试外网连通性:

PC>ping 100.100.100.100

Ping 100.100.100.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break

From 100.100.100.100: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=252 time=125 ms

From 100.100.100.100: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=252 time=47 ms

From 100.100.100.100: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=252 time=47 ms

From 100.100.100.100: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=252 time=94 ms

From 100.100.100.100: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=252 time=78 ms

--- 100.100.100.100 ping statistics ---

  5 packet(s) transmitted

  5 packet(s) received

  0.00% packet loss

  round-trip min/avg/max = 47/78/125 ms

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