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在我学习websocket期间,有两种实现手段。第一种是用原生的代码来实现websocket消息推送,第二种就是基于SocketJS+Stomp来实现的。这里主要讲一下第一种的实现:
(一)WebSocket简介
WebSocket是一种通讯协议,通过单个TCP连接提供完全多工通讯管道。大白话就是:WebSocket协议相对于Http协议来说,它能在一段时间内一直保持连接,而Http协议是三次握手后就断开连接。WebSocket经常用于聊天室这种实时通讯场景。
WebSocket协议地址相对于Http协议地址来说,Schema部分变了:Http地址:http://host:port/… ,而WebSocke地址:ws://host:port/…
(二)WebSocke API
相关术语:
(三)端点生命周期
Endpoint#onOpen(Session,EndpointConfig) ------编程
@OnOpen ------注解
Endpoint#onClose(Session,CloseReason)
@OnClose
Endpoint#onError(Session,Throwable)
@OnError
@OnMessage(PS:无对应编程方法)
(四)会话(Sessions)
(五)配置(Configuration)
该demo主要用来学习用可以体验这种方式实现的简单功能,能更好的了解websocket的底层实现。
pom.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
- <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
-
- <groupId>web</groupId>
- <artifactId>socket-demo</artifactId>
- <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
-
- <parent>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
- <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
- <relativePath/>
- </parent>
-
- <dependencyManagement>
- <dependencies>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
- <version>Finchley.RC2</version>
- <type>pom</type>
- <scope>import</scope>
- </dependency>
- </dependencies>
- </dependencyManagement>
- <properties>
- <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
- <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
- <java.version>1.8</java.version>
- <spring.cloud.version>Finchley.RC2</spring.cloud.version>
- <fastjson.version>1.2.47</fastjson.version>
- <commons-lang.version>2.6</commons-lang.version>
- <mybatis.version>1.3.2</mybatis.version>
- <mysql.version>5.1.46</mysql.version>
- <druid.version>1.1.10</druid.version>
- <lombok.version>1.16.20</lombok.version>
- <spring.security.version>4.1.0.RELEASE</spring.security.version>
- <log4j.version>1.2.16</log4j.version>
- </properties>
-
- <dependencies>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
- <scope>test</scope>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
- <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
- <version>${fastjson.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
- <version>${commons-lang.version}</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>mysql</groupId>
- <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
- <version>${mysql.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
- <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
- <version>${druid.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
- <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
- <version>${lombok.version}</version>
- <scope>provided</scope>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>log4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
- <version>${log4j.version}</version>
- <scope>compile</scope>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
- </dependency>
-
-
- </dependencies>
- <build>
- <plugins>
- <plugin>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
- </plugin>
- </plugins>
- </build>
- <repositories>
- <repository>
- <id>spring-milestones</id>
- <name>Spring Milestones</name>
- <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone</url>
- <snapshots>
- <enabled>false</enabled>
- </snapshots>
- </repository>
- </repositories>
- </project>
启动类SockerApplication.java
- package com.wyc;
-
- import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
- import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
-
- @SpringBootApplication
- public class SockerApplication {
-
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- SpringApplication.run(SockerApplication.class,args);
- }
- }
端点配置WebSocketConfig.java
- package com.wyc.config;
-
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;
- import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;
-
- @Configuration
- public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
-
- @Bean
- public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter(){
- return new ServerEndpointExporter();
- }
- }
CheckCenterController.java
- package com.wyc.controller;
-
-
- import com.wyc.util.WebSocketServer;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
- import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
-
- import java.io.IOException;
-
- /**
- * 消息推送
- *
- * @author :WYC
- * @create 2018-07-11 14:12
- **/
- @Controller
- @RequestMapping("/checkcenter")
- public class CheckCenterController {
-
- @RequestMapping("/fllindex")
- public String getIndex(){
- System.out.println("主页面");
- return "socket";
- }
- //页面请求
- @GetMapping("/socket/{cid}")
- public ModelAndView socket(@PathVariable String cid) {
- ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView("/socket");
- mav.addObject("cid", cid);
- return mav;
- }
- //推送数据接口
- @ResponseBody
- @RequestMapping("/socket/push/{cid}")
- public String pushToWeb(@PathVariable String cid,String message) {
- try {
- WebSocketServer.sendInfo(message,cid);
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- return cid+"#"+e.getMessage();
- }
- return cid;
- }
- }
WebSocketServer.java
- package com.wyc.util;
-
- import org.apache.juli.logging.Log;
- import org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- import javax.websocket.*;
- import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;
- import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet;
-
- /**
- * WebSocket服务类
- *
- * @author :WYC
- * @create 2018-07-11 13:54
- **/
- @ServerEndpoint("/websocket/{sid}")
- @Component
- public class WebSocketServer {
- static Log log=LogFactory.getLog(WebSocketServer.class);
- //静态变量,用来记录当前在线连接数。应该把它设计成线程安全的。
- private static int onlineCount = 0;
- //concurrent包的线程安全Set,用来存放每个客户端对应的MyWebSocket对象。
- private static CopyOnWriteArraySet<WebSocketServer> webSocketSet = new CopyOnWriteArraySet<WebSocketServer>();
-
- //与某个客户端的连接会话,需要通过它来给客户端发送数据
- private Session session;
-
- //接收sid
- private String sid="";
- /**
- * 连接建立成功调用的方法*/
- @OnOpen
- public void onOpen(Session session,@PathParam("sid") String sid) {
- this.session = session;
- webSocketSet.add(this); //加入set中
- addOnlineCount(); //在线数加1
- log.info("有新窗口开始监听:"+sid+",当前在线人数为" + getOnlineCount());
- this.sid=sid;
- try {
- sendMessage("连接成功");
- } catch (IOException e) {
- log.error("websocket IO异常");
- }
- }
-
- /**
- * 连接关闭调用的方法
- */
- @OnClose
- public void onClose() {
- webSocketSet.remove(this); //从set中删除
- subOnlineCount(); //在线数减1
- log.info("有一连接关闭!当前在线人数为" + getOnlineCount());
- }
-
- /**
- * 收到客户端消息后调用的方法
- *
- * @param message 客户端发送过来的消息*/
- @OnMessage
- public void onMessage(String message, Session session) {
- log.info("收到来自窗口"+sid+"的信息:"+message);
- //群发消息
- for (WebSocketServer item : webSocketSet) {
- try {
- while (true){
- item.sendMessage(message);
- }
-
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
-
- /**
- *
- * @param session
- * @param error
- */
- @OnError
- public void onError(Session session, Throwable error) {
- log.error("发生错误");
- error.printStackTrace();
- }
- /**
- * 实现服务器主动推送
- */
- public void sendMessage(String message) throws IOException {
- this.session.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);
- }
-
-
- /**
- * 群发自定义消息
- * */
- public static void sendInfo(String message,@PathParam("sid") String sid) throws IOException {
- log.info("推送消息到窗口"+sid+",推送内容:"+message);
- for (WebSocketServer item : webSocketSet) {
- try {
- //这里可以设定只推送给这个sid的,为null则全部推送
- if(sid==null) {
- item.sendMessage(message);
- }else if(item.sid.equals(sid)){
- item.sendMessage(message);
- }
- } catch (IOException e) {
- continue;
- }
- }
- }
-
- public static synchronized int getOnlineCount() {
- return onlineCount;
- }
-
- public static synchronized void addOnlineCount() {
- WebSocketServer.onlineCount++;
- }
-
- public static synchronized void subOnlineCount() {
- WebSocketServer.onlineCount--;
- }
- }
前端页面socket.html
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html>
- <head>
- <base href="<%=basePath%>">
-
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <meta name="viewport"
- content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0">
- <title>弹窗</title>
- <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
- <!-- <script type="text/javascript" src="../js/FileSaver.js"></script>-->
- </head>
-
- <body>
- <h2>33</h2>
- <input id="start">
- <input id="message">
- <iframe id="my_iframe" style="display:none;"></iframe>
- <script type="application/javascript">
- var socket;
- if(typeof(WebSocket) == "undefined") {
- console.log("您的浏览器不支持WebSocket");
- }else{
- console.log("您的浏览器支持WebSocket");
- //实现化WebSocket对象,指定要连接的服务器地址与端口 建立连接
- //等同于socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8083/checkcentersys/websocket/20");
- //socket = new WebSocket("http://localhost:8080/websocket/${cid}".replace("http","ws"));
- socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/websocket/33");
- //打开事件
- socket.onopen = function() {
- console.log("Socket 已打开");
- $("#start").val("Socket 已打开")
- //socket.send("这是来自客户端的消息" + location.href + new Date());
- };
- //获得消息事件
- socket.onmessage = function(msg) {
- console.log(msg.data);
- $("#message").val(msg.data)
- //发现消息进入 开始处理前端触发逻辑
- };
- //关闭事件
- socket.onclose = function() {
- console.log("Socket已关闭");
- $("#close").val("Socket已关闭")
- };
- //发生了错误事件
- socket.onerror = function() {
- alert("Socket发生了错误");
- //此时可以尝试刷新页面
- }
- //离开页面时,关闭socket
- //jquery1.8中已经被废弃,3.0中已经移除
- // $(window).unload(function(){
- // socket.close();
- //});
- }
- </script>
-
- </body>
- </html>
github源码:https://github.com/wangyuanchen/socketdemo
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