解析XML步骤及案例_xml解析步骤

1.引入dom4j解析xml文件的jar

2.创建xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<books>
    <book sn="SN12341232">
        <name>辟邪剑谱</name>
        <price>9.9</price>
        <author>班主任</author>
    </book>
    <book sn="SN12341231">
        <name>葵花宝典</name>
        <price>99.99</price>
        <author>班长</author>
    </book>
</books>

3.创建一个book类，并声明构造方法、get、set方法、toString方法

package com.atguigu.pojo;
 
import java.math.BigDecimal;
 
public class Book {
    private String sn;
    private String name;
    private double price;
    private String author;
 
    public Book() {
    }
 
    public Book(String sn, String name, double price, String author) {
        this.sn = sn;
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
        this.author = author;
    }
 
    public String getSn() {
        return sn;
    }
 
    public void setSn(String sn) {
        this.sn = sn;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
 
    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
 
    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }
 
    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "sn='" + sn + '\'' +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

4.编写一个解析测试类

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.junit.Test;
 
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.List;
 
public class Dom4jTest {
    @Test
    public void test1() throws Exception {
        // 创建一个SaxReader输入流，去读取 xml配置文件，生成Document对象
        SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
 
        Document document = saxReader.read("src/books.xml");
       //通过Document对象获取根元素
        Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
          //通过根元素获取book标签对象
        //element()(有一个子元素)和elements()(有多个子元素)都是通过标签名查找子元素
        List<Element> books = rootElement.elements("book");
        //遍历，处理每个book标签转化为Book类
        for (Element book : books) {
            //asXML()把标签对象，转化为标签字符串
            Element name = book.element("name");
            //getText()可以获取标签中的文本内容
            String nameText = name.getText();
            System.out.println(nameText);
            //直接获取指定标签名的文本内容
            String price = book.elementText("price");
            String author = book.elementText("author");
            //获取属性值sn
            String sn = book.attributeValue("sn");
            System.out.println(price);
            System.out.println(author);
            System.out.println(sn);
            //转化为Book类并输出
            Book book1 = new Book(sn, nameText,  Double.parseDouble(price), author);
            System.out.println(book1 );
 
        }
    }
 
}