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缩写 | 含义 |
---|---|
b | blue |
g | green |
r | red |
c | cyan |
m | magenta |
y | yellow |
k | black |
w | white |
其他颜色表示方法:灰色阴影,html十六进制,RGB元组
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt fig,ax = plt.subplots(nrow,ncol,figsize=(m,n)) plt.legend(loc=0,ncol=3) #array axis plt.xlim(xmin=x,xmax=y) plt.axis([x1,x2,x3,x4..]) #date axis date_format = mpl.dates.DateFormatter('%Y-%m-%d') ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(date_format) #annotate/text plt.annotate('here',xy=(0,1),xytext = (0,20),arrowprops = ..) plt.text(x,y,'put your name here') #fill color plt.fill(x,y,color='b',alpha=0.5) plt.fill_between(x,y1,y2,color='r',where=y1>y2,alpha=0.5) #default color pad plt.rcParams['axes.color_cycle'] #styles plt.style.available -> ggplot, fivethirtyeight plt.style.use('ggplot') #font from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties font = FontProperties(fname=r'\users\usuus\Fonts\simsun.ttf',size=12)
Matplotlib自带mathtext引擎,不需要安装Tex系统。
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
ax.set_xlim([1,7])
ax.set_ylim([1,5])
ax.text(2,4,r'$\alpha_{i}\beta_{j}\Pi\lambda\Omega$')
ax.text(4,4,r'$\sin(0)=\cos(\frac{\pi}{2})$')
ax.text(2,2,r'$lim_{x->y}\frac{1}{x^3}$')
ax.text(4,2,r'$\sqrt[4]{x}=\sqrt{y}$')
import matplotlib.patches as mpatches fig,ax=plt.subplots() xy1 = np.array([0,2,0,2]) xy2 = np.array([0.2,0.8]) xy3 = np.array([0.8,0.2]) xy4 = np.array([0.8,0.8]) circle = mpatches.Circle(xy1,0.05) ax.add_patch(circle) rect = mpatches.Rectangle(xy2,0.2,0.1,color='r') ax.add_patch(rect) polygon = mpatches.RegularPolygon(xy3,5,0.1,color='g') ax.add_patch(polygon) ellipse = mpatches.Ellipse(xy4,0.4,0.2,color='y') ax.add_patch(ellipse) plt.axis('equal') plt.grid() plt.show()
r = np.arange(1,6,1)
theta = [0,np.pi/4,np.pi/2,np.pi*3/4,np.pi]
ax = plt.subplot(111,projection='polar')
ax.plot(theta,r,color='r',linewidth=3)
ax.grid(True)
plt.show()
def fun(x): return -(x-2)*(x-8)+40 x = np.linspace(0,10) y = fun(x) fig,ax = plt.subplots() plt.plot(x,y,'r',linewidth=2) a,b=2,9 ax.set_xticks([a,b]) ax.set_xticklabels(['$a$','$b$']) ax.set_yticks([]) plt.figtext(0.9,0.05,'$x$') plt.figtext(0.1,0.9,'$y$') ix = np.linspace(a,b) iy = fun(ix) ixy = zip(ix,iy) verts = [(a,0)]+list(ixy)+[(b,0)] poly = mpatches.Polygon(verts,facecolor='0.8',edgecolor='0.1') ax.add_patch(poly) x_math,y_math = (a+b)/2,35 plt.text(x_math,y_math,r'$\int_{a}^{b}(-(x-2)*(x-8)+40)dx$',horizontalalignment='center') plt.show()
plt.style.use('ggplot') x = np.random.randn(200) y = x+np.random.randn(200)*0.5 margin_boarder = 0.1 width,height = 0.6,0.2 margin_between = 0.02 left_s = margin_boarder bottom_s = margin_boarder height_s = width width_s = width left_x = margin_boarder bottom_x = margin_boarder+width+margin_between height_x = height width_x = width left_y = bottom_x bottom_y = margin_boarder height_y = width width_y = height plt.figure(1,figsize=(8,8)) rect_s = [left_s,bottom_s,width_s,height_s] rect_x = [left_x,bottom_x,width_x,height_x] rect_y = [left_y,bottom_y,width_y,height_y] binwidth = 0.25 xymax = np.max([np.max(np.fabs(x)),np.max(np.fabs(y))]) lim = int(xymax/binwidth+1)*binwidth axScatter = plt.axes(rect_s) axScatter.scatter(x,y,color='b') axScatter.set_xlim(-lim,lim) axScatter.set_ylim(-lim,lim) bins = np.arange(-lim,lim+binwidth,binwidth) axHisX = plt.axes(rect_x) axHisX.hist(x,bins=bins) axHisX.set_xlim(axScatter.get_xlim()) axHisY.set_ylim(axScatter.get_ylim()) axHisY = plt.axes(rect_y) axHisY.hist(y,bins=bins,orientation='horizontal') axHisX.set_xticks([]) axHisY.set_yticks([]) plt.title('Scatter and Hist') plt.show()
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties font = FontProperties(fname=r'c:\windows\Fonts\simsun.ttc',size=12) plt.style.use('ggplot') ability_label = [u'进攻',u'防守',u'盘带',u'速度',u'体力',u'射术'] ability_size = 6 ax1 = plt.subplot(221,projection = 'polar') ax2 = plt.subplot(222,projection = 'polar') ax3 = plt.subplot(223,projection = 'polar') ax4 = plt.subplot(224,projection = 'polar') player = { 'M':[99,70,100,90,90,99], 'H':[90,80,90,85,90,90], 'P':np.random.randint(size=ability_size,low=60,high=99), 'Q':np.random.randint(size=ability_size,low=60,high=99) } theta = np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,6,endpoint=False) theta = np.append(theta,theta[0]) player['M'] = np.append(player['M'],player['M'][0]) ax1.plot(theta,player['M'],'r') ax1.fill(theta,player['M'],'r',alpha=0.3) ax1.set_xticks(theta) ax1.set_xticklabels(ability_label,fontproperties=font) ax1.set_yticks([20,40,60,80,100]) ax1.set_title(u'梅西',fontproperties=font,size=20) player['H'] = np.append(player['H'],player['H'][0]) ax2.plot(theta,player['H'],'g') ax2.fill(theta,player['H'],'g',alpha=0.3) ax2.set_xticks(theta) ax2.set_xticklabels(ability_label,fontproperties=font) ax2.set_yticks([20,40,60,80,100]) ax2.set_title(u'哈维',fontproperties=font,size=20) player['P'] = np.append(player['P'],player['P'][0]) ax3.plot(theta,player['P'],'b') ax3.fill(theta,player['P'],'b',alpha=0.3) ax3.set_xticks(theta) ax3.set_xticklabels(ability_label,fontproperties=font) ax3.set_yticks([20,40,60,80,100]) ax3.set_title(u'皮克',fontproperties=font,size=20) player['Q'] = np.append(player['Q'],player['Q'][0]) ax4.plot(theta,player['Q'],'y') ax4.fill(theta,player['Q'],'y',alpha=0.3) ax4.set_xticks(theta) ax4.set_xticklabels(ability_label,fontproperties=font) ax4.set_yticks([20,40,60,80,100]) ax4.set_title(u'切赫',fontproperties=font,size=20) plt.show()
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