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题目:
We’re trying to test whether a new,low-fat diet actually helps obese people lose weight.100 randomly assigned obese people are assigned to group 1 and put on the low fat diet.Another 100 randomly assigned obese people are assigned to group 2 and put on a diet of approximately the same amount of food,but not as low in fat.After 4 months,the mean weight loss was 9.31 lbs. for group 1(s=4.67) and 7.40 lbs.(s=4.04) for group 2.
low-fat:
control:
对于“sampling distribution of difference of means”
期望:
方差:
又有公式
置信区间:
以95%的confidence interval为例:
因为是two-tails combine一共占5%,因此,需要在z-table中找到值为2.5%的,此时,z=1.96
此时,置信区间的意义就有了:
我们能说:
95% chance that
接下来的事就是计算
上面提到的计算这个未知量的公式,此处并不能用,因为并没有一个sample是关于
而由已知量入手,
最后,可以说成:
95% confidence interval for
假设检验:
先设定significance level=5%
null hypothesis: low-fat diet dose nothing.
首先,根据z-table找出5%的z值,为1.65
因此拒绝假设
(其实分母原始写法为:
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