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本文为senlie原创,转载请保留此地址:http://blog.csdn.net/zhengsenlie
list
----------------------------------------------------------------------- list<int> L;
- L.push_back(0);
- L.push_front(1);
- L.insert(++L.begin(), 2);
- copy(L.begin(), L.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));
- // The values that are printed are 1 2 0
- 示例2:
- #include <iostream>
- #include <iterator>
- #include <list>
- #include <numeric>
- #include <algorithm>
-
-
- using namespace std;
-
-
- list<int> mylist1, mylist2;
-
-
- void display(){
- cout << "-------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
- copy(mylist1.begin(), mylist1.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));
- cout << endl;
- copy(mylist2.begin(), mylist2.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " "));
- cout << endl;
- }
-
-
- int main(){
- list<int>::iterator it;
- for(int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) mylist1.push_back(i); //1 2 3 4
- for(int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) mylist2.push_back(i * 10); // 10 20 30
- it = mylist1.begin();
- ++it; // it 指向元素 2
- display();
- mylist1.splice(it, mylist2);
- display();
- /* mylist1: 1 10 20 30 2 3 4
- mylist2: 空
- it 还是指向元素 2
- */
- mylist2.splice(mylist2.begin(), mylist1, it);
- display();
- /* mylist1: 1 10 20 30 3 4
- mylist2: 2
- it 现在 invalid
- */
-
-
- it = mylist1.begin();
- advance(it, 3);
- mylist1.splice(mylist1.begin(), mylist1, it, mylist1.end());
- display();
- it = mylist1.begin();
- advance(it, 3);
- list<int>::iterator pos = mylist1.begin();
- advance(pos,4);
- mylist1.splice(pos, mylist1, it, mylist1.end()); //出错了,position 不能位于 [first, last) 之内 --> 感觉这样设计不好,不能编译期提醒,至少要在运行期提醒吧。。。
- display();
-
- }
- #ifndef __SGI_STL_INTERNAL_LIST_H
- #define __SGI_STL_INTERNAL_LIST_H
-
-
- __STL_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
-
-
- #if defined(__sgi) && !defined(__GNUC__) && (_MIPS_SIM != _MIPS_SIM_ABI32)
- #pragma set woff 1174
- #endif
-
-
- //list的节点,这是一个双向链表
- template <class T>
- struct __list_node {
- typedef void* void_pointer;
- void_pointer next;
- void_pointer prev;
- T data;
- };
- //list迭代器的设计。(vector的迭代器不需要单独设计,用原生指针就可以)
- template<class T, class Ref, class Ptr>
- struct __list_iterator {
- typedef __list_iterator<T, T&, T*> iterator;
- typedef __list_iterator<T, const T&, const T*> const_iterator;
- typedef __list_iterator<T, Ref, Ptr> self;
-
-
- typedef bidirectional_iterator_tag iterator_category;
- typedef T value_type;
- typedef Ptr pointer;
- typedef Ref reference;
- typedef __list_node<T>* link_type;
- typedef size_t size_type;
- typedef ptrdiff_t difference_type;
-
-
- link_type node; // 指向 list 节点的指针
-
-
- __list_iterator(link_type x) : node(x) {}
- __list_iterator() {}
- __list_iterator(const iterator& x) : node(x.node) {}
-
-
- bool operator==(const self& x) const { return node == x.node; }
- bool operator!=(const self& x) const { return node != x.node; }
- //取节点的数据值
- reference operator*() const { return (*node).data; }
-
-
- #ifndef __SGI_STL_NO_ARROW_OPERATOR
- pointer operator->() const { return &(operator*()); }
- #endif /* __SGI_STL_NO_ARROW_OPERATOR */
-
-
- //迭代器累加 1, 前进一个节点
- self& operator++() {
- node = (link_type)((*node).next);
- // 因为 __list_node 里的 prev 和 next 的类型是 void * ,
- //所以还要将它们显示转换为 link_type 类型,即 __list_node * 类型
- return *this;
- }
- self operator++(int) {
- self tmp = *this;
- ++*this;
- return tmp;
- }
- //迭代器递减 1,后退一个节点
- self& operator--() {
- node = (link_type)((*node).prev);
- return *this;
- }
- self operator--(int) {
- self tmp = *this;
- --*this;
- return tmp;
- }
- };
-
-
- #ifndef __STL_CLASS_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
-
-
- template <class T, class Ref, class Ptr>
- inline bidirectional_iterator_tag
- iterator_category(const __list_iterator<T, Ref, Ptr>&) {
- return bidirectional_iterator_tag();
- }
-
-
- template <class T, class Ref, class Ptr>
- inline T*
- value_type(const __list_iterator<T, Ref, Ptr>&) {
- return 0;
- }
-
-
- template <class T, class Ref, class Ptr>
- inline ptrdiff_t*
- distance_type(const __list_iterator<T, Ref, Ptr>&) {
- return 0;
- }
-
-
- #endif /* __STL_CLASS_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION */
-
-
- //list的数据结构
- template <class T, class Alloc = alloc>
- class list {
- protected:
- typedef void* void_pointer;
- typedef __list_node<T> list_node;
- //空间配置器,每次配置一个节点大小
- typedef simple_alloc<list_node, Alloc> list_node_allocator;
- public:
- typedef T value_type;
- typedef value_type* pointer;
- typedef const value_type* const_pointer;
- typedef value_type& reference;
- typedef const value_type& const_reference;
- typedef list_node* link_type;
- typedef size_t size_type;
- typedef ptrdiff_t difference_type;
-
-
- public:
- typedef __list_iterator<T, T&, T*> iterator;
- typedef __list_iterator<T, const T&, const T*> const_iterator;
-
-
- #ifdef __STL_CLASS_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
- typedef reverse_iterator<const_iterator> const_reverse_iterator;
- typedef reverse_iterator<iterator> reverse_iterator;
- #else /* __STL_CLASS_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION */
- typedef reverse_bidirectional_iterator<const_iterator, value_type,
- const_reference, difference_type>
- const_reverse_iterator;
- typedef reverse_bidirectional_iterator<iterator, value_type, reference,
- difference_type>
- reverse_iterator;
- #endif /* __STL_CLASS_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION */
-
-
- protected:
- //配置一个节点并传回
- link_type get_node() { return list_node_allocator::allocate(); }
- //释放 p 指向的节点空间
- void put_node(link_type p) { list_node_allocator::deallocate(p); }
- //配置并构造一个节点使它的值为 x
- link_type create_node(const T& x) {
- link_type p = get_node();
- __STL_TRY {
- construct(&p->data, x);
- }
- __STL_UNWIND(put_node(p));
- return p;
- }
- //析构并释放一个节点
- void destroy_node(link_type p) {
- destroy(&p->data);
- put_node(p);
- }
-
-
- protected:
- void empty_initialize() {
- node = get_node(); //配置一个节点空间,令 node 指向它
- node->next = node; // 令 node 的头尾都指向自己,不设元素值
- node->prev = node;
- }
-
-
- void fill_initialize(size_type n, const T& value) {
- empty_initialize();
- __STL_TRY {
- insert(begin(), n, value);
- }
- __STL_UNWIND(clear(); put_node(node));
- }
-
-
- #ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES
- template <class InputIterator>
- void range_initialize(InputIterator first, InputIterator last) {
- empty_initialize();
- __STL_TRY {
- insert(begin(), first, last);
- }
- __STL_UNWIND(clear(); put_node(node));
- }
- #else /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */
- void range_initialize(const T* first, const T* last) {
- empty_initialize();
- __STL_TRY {
- insert(begin(), first, last);
- }
- __STL_UNWIND(clear(); put_node(node));
- }
- void range_initialize(const_iterator first, const_iterator last) {
- empty_initialize();
- __STL_TRY {
- insert(begin(), first, last);
- }
- __STL_UNWIND(clear(); put_node(node));
- }
- #endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */
-
-
- protected:
- link_type node; //只要一个指针,便可表示整个环状双向链表。
- // node指向刻意置于尾端的一个空白节点,满足"前闭后开"
-
-
- public:
- list() { empty_initialize(); } // 产生一个空链表
-
-
- iterator begin() { return (link_type)((*node).next); }
- const_iterator begin() const { return (link_type)((*node).next); }
- iterator end() { return node; }
- const_iterator end() const { return node; }
- reverse_iterator rbegin() { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
- const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const {
- return const_reverse_iterator(end());
- }
- reverse_iterator rend() { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }
- const_reverse_iterator rend() const {
- return const_reverse_iterator(begin());
- }
- bool empty() const { return node->next == node; }
- size_type size() const {
- size_type result = 0;
- distance(begin(), end(), result);
- return result;
- }
- size_type max_size() const { return size_type(-1); }
- reference front() { return *begin(); }
- const_reference front() const { return *begin(); }
- reference back() { return *(--end()); }
- const_reference back() const { return *(--end()); }
- void swap(list<T, Alloc>& x) { __STD::swap(node, x.node); }
- //在迭代器 positioni 所指空间插入一个节点,内容为 x
- iterator insert(iterator position, const T& x) {
- //使用 create_node 配置并构造一个节点,让它的值为 x
- link_type tmp = create_node(x);
- //调整双向指针,使 tmp 插入进去
- tmp->next = position.node;
- tmp->prev = position.node->prev;
- (link_type(position.node->prev))->next = tmp;
- position.node->prev = tmp;
- return tmp;
- }
- iterator insert(iterator position) { return insert(position, T()); }
- #ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES
- template <class InputIterator>
- void insert(iterator position, InputIterator first, InputIterator last);
- #else /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */
- void insert(iterator position, const T* first, const T* last);
- void insert(iterator position,
- const_iterator first, const_iterator last);
- #endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */
- void insert(iterator pos, size_type n, const T& x);
- void insert(iterator pos, int n, const T& x) {
- insert(pos, (size_type)n, x);
- }
- void insert(iterator pos, long n, const T& x) {
- insert(pos, (size_type)n, x);
- }
-
-
- void push_front(const T& x) { insert(begin(), x); }
- void push_back(const T& x) { insert(end(), x); }
- iterator erase(iterator position) {
- link_type next_node = link_type(position.node->next);
- link_type prev_node = link_type(position.node->prev);
- prev_node->next = next_node;
- next_node->prev = prev_node;
- destroy_node(position.node);
- return iterator(next_node);
- }
- iterator erase(iterator first, iterator last);
- void resize(size_type new_size, const T& x);
- void resize(size_type new_size) { resize(new_size, T()); }
- void clear();
-
-
- void pop_front() { erase(begin()); } //移除头节点
- void pop_back() { //移除尾节点 其实可能直接 erase(--end()); 不过效果一样
- iterator tmp = end();
- erase(--tmp);
- }
- list(size_type n, const T& value) { fill_initialize(n, value); }
- list(int n, const T& value) { fill_initialize(n, value); }
- list(long n, const T& value) { fill_initialize(n, value); }
- explicit list(size_type n) { fill_initialize(n, T()); }
-
-
- #ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES
- template <class InputIterator>
- list(InputIterator first, InputIterator last) {
- range_initialize(first, last);
- }
-
-
- #else /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */
- list(const T* first, const T* last) { range_initialize(first, last); }
- list(const_iterator first, const_iterator last) {
- range_initialize(first, last);
- }
- #endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */
- list(const list<T, Alloc>& x) {
- range_initialize(x.begin(), x.end());
- }
- ~list() {
- clear();
- put_node(node);
- }
- list<T, Alloc>& operator=(const list<T, Alloc>& x);
-
-
- protected:
- //将某连续范围[first, last)的元素迁移到某个特定位置 position 之前
- //非公开接口
- void transfer(iterator position, iterator first, iterator last) {
- if (position != last) { //如果 position == last 那就不用迁移了
- (*(link_type((*last.node).prev))).next = position.node;
- (*(link_type((*first.node).prev))).next = last.node;
- (*(link_type((*position.node).prev))).next = first.node;
- link_type tmp = link_type((*position.node).prev);
- (*position.node).prev = (*last.node).prev;
- (*last.node).prev = (*first.node).prev;
- (*first.node).prev = tmp;
- }
- }
-
-
- public:
- //将 x 接合于 position 所指位置之前。 x 必须不同于 *this --> 这样限制 x 好吗? 不应该提前到编译期提醒客户端吗?我试了下 x 等于 *this,运行没出错
- void splice(iterator position, list& x) {
- if (!x.empty())
- transfer(position, x.begin(), x.end());
- }
- //将 i 所指元素接合于 position 所指位置之前。 position 和 i 可指向同一个 list
- // ?? 这里 list &参数有什么用? --> 我感觉没用,有迭代器 i 就够了
- void splice(iterator position, list&, iterator i) {
- iterator j = i;
- ++j;
- if (position == i || position == j) return; //transfer 里有判断 position == j 的情况,没判断 position == i 的情况,而将自己移到自己前面什么都不用做
- transfer(position, i, j);
- }
- //将 [first, last) 内的所有元素接合于 position 所指位置之前
- // position 和 [first, last) 可指向同一个 list,
- // 但 position 不能位于 [first, last) 之内
- void splice(iterator position, list&, iterator first, iterator last) {
- if (first != last)
- transfer(position, first, last);
- }
- void remove(const T& value);
- void unique();
- void merge(list& x);
- void reverse();
- void sort();
-
-
- #ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES
- template <class Predicate> void remove_if(Predicate);
- template <class BinaryPredicate> void unique(BinaryPredicate);
- template <class StrictWeakOrdering> void merge(list&, StrictWeakOrdering);
- template <class StrictWeakOrdering> void sort(StrictWeakOrdering);
- #endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */
-
-
- friend bool operator== __STL_NULL_TMPL_ARGS (const list& x, const list& y);
- };
-
-
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- inline bool operator==(const list<T,Alloc>& x, const list<T,Alloc>& y) {
- typedef typename list<T,Alloc>::link_type link_type;
- link_type e1 = x.node;
- link_type e2 = y.node;
- link_type n1 = (link_type) e1->next;
- link_type n2 = (link_type) e2->next;
- for ( ; n1 != e1 && n2 != e2 ;
- n1 = (link_type) n1->next, n2 = (link_type) n2->next)
- if (n1->data != n2->data)
- return false;
- return n1 == e1 && n2 == e2;
- }
-
-
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- inline bool operator<(const list<T, Alloc>& x, const list<T, Alloc>& y) {
- return lexicographical_compare(x.begin(), x.end(), y.begin(), y.end());
- }
-
-
- #ifdef __STL_FUNCTION_TMPL_PARTIAL_ORDER
-
-
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- inline void swap(list<T, Alloc>& x, list<T, Alloc>& y) {
- x.swap(y);
- }
-
-
- #endif /* __STL_FUNCTION_TMPL_PARTIAL_ORDER */
-
-
- #ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES
-
-
- template <class T, class Alloc> template <class InputIterator>
- void list<T, Alloc>::insert(iterator position,
- InputIterator first, InputIterator last) {
- for ( ; first != last; ++first)
- insert(position, *first);
- }
-
-
- #else /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */
-
-
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- void list<T, Alloc>::insert(iterator position, const T* first, const T* last) {
- for ( ; first != last; ++first)
- insert(position, *first);
- }
-
-
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- void list<T, Alloc>::insert(iterator position,
- const_iterator first, const_iterator last) {
- for ( ; first != last; ++first)
- insert(position, *first);
- }
-
-
- #endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */
-
-
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- void list<T, Alloc>::insert(iterator position, size_type n, const T& x) {
- for ( ; n > 0; --n)
- insert(position, x);
- }
-
-
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- list<T,Alloc>::iterator list<T, Alloc>::erase(iterator first, iterator last) {
- while (first != last) erase(first++);
- return last;
- }
-
-
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- void list<T, Alloc>::resize(size_type new_size, const T& x)
- {
- iterator i = begin();
- size_type len = 0;
- for ( ; i != end() && len < new_size; ++i, ++len)
- ;
- if (len == new_size)
- erase(i, end());
- else // i == end()
- insert(end(), new_size - len, x);
- }
-
-
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- void list<T, Alloc>::clear()
- {
- link_type cur = (link_type) node->next;
- while (cur != node) { //遍历每一个节点
- link_type tmp = cur;
- cur = (link_type) cur->next;
- destroy_node(tmp); //析构并释放一个节点
- }
- node->next = node; //恢复空链表时的节点状态
- node->prev = node;
- }
-
-
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- list<T, Alloc>& list<T, Alloc>::operator=(const list<T, Alloc>& x) {
- if (this != &x) {
- iterator first1 = begin();
- iterator last1 = end();
- const_iterator first2 = x.begin();
- const_iterator last2 = x.end();
- while (first1 != last1 && first2 != last2) *first1++ = *first2++;
- if (first2 == last2)
- erase(first1, last1);
- else
- insert(last1, first2, last2);
- }
- return *this;
- }
- //将数值为 value 之所有元素移除
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- void list<T, Alloc>::remove(const T& value) {
- iterator first = begin();
- iterator last = end();
- while (first != last) {
- iterator next = first;
- ++next;
- if (*first == value) erase(first);
- first = next;
- }
- }
- //移除连续相同的元素,只保留一个
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- void list<T, Alloc>::unique() {
- iterator first = begin();
- iterator last = end();
- if (first == last) return; //空链表,什么都不必做
- iterator next = first;
- while (++next != last) { //遍历每一个节点
- if (*first == *next) //相同移除之
- erase(next);
- else //不同调整指针指向
- first = next;
- next = first;
- }
- }
-
-
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- void list<T, Alloc>::merge(list<T, Alloc>& x) {
- iterator first1 = begin();
- iterator last1 = end();
- iterator first2 = x.begin();
- iterator last2 = x.end();
- while (first1 != last1 && first2 != last2)
- if (*first2 < *first1) {
- iterator next = first2;
- transfer(first1, first2, ++next);
- first2 = next;
- }
- else
- ++first1;
- if (first2 != last2) transfer(last1, first2, last2);
- }
-
-
- // reverse() 将 *this 的内容逆向重置
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- void list<T, Alloc>::reverse() {
- if (node->next == node || link_type(node->next)->next == node) return;
- iterator first = begin();
- ++first;
- while (first != end()) {
- iterator old = first;
- ++first;
- transfer(begin(), old, first);
- }
- }
-
-
- /* list 不能使用 STL 算法 sort(), 必须使用自己的 sort() 成员函数
- 因为 STL 算法 sort() 只接受 RandomAccessItertor
- ?? STL 算法 sort() 为什么不设计接受 BidirectionalIterator
- 不过我觉得即使 STL 算法 sort() 接受 BidirectionalIterator , 它里面实现也是
- 用类似 iter_swap 的方法,这里也要针对链表的特点重新写 sort() 函数
- /*
- template <class T, class Alloc>
- void list<T, Alloc>::sort() {
- //
- if (node->next == node || link_type(node->next)->next == node) return;
- list<T, Alloc> carry;
- list<T, Alloc> counter[64];
- int fill = 0;
- while (!empty()) {
- carry.splice(carry.begin(), *this, begin());
- int i = 0;
- while(i < fill && !counter[i].empty()) {
- counter[i].merge(carry);
- carry.swap(counter[i++]);
- }
- carry.swap(counter[i]);
- if (i == fill) ++fill;
- }
- for (int i = 1; i < fill; ++i) counter[i].merge(counter[i-1]);
- swap(counter[fill-1]);
- }
- #ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES
- template <class T, class Alloc> template <class Predicate>
- void list<T, Alloc>::remove_if(Predicate pred) {
- iterator first = begin();
- iterator last = end();
- while (first != last) {
- iterator next = first;
- ++next;
- if (pred(*first)) erase(first);
- first = next;
- }
- }
- template <class T, class Alloc> template <class BinaryPredicate>
- void list<T, Alloc>::unique(BinaryPredicate binary_pred) {
- iterator first = begin();
- iterator last = end() while (++next != last) {
- if (binary_pred(*first, *next))
- erase(next);
- else
- first = next;
- next = first;
- }
- }
- template <class T, class Alloc> template <class StrictWeakOrdering>
- void list<T, Alloc>::merge(list<T, Alloc>& x, StrictWeakOrdering comp) {
- iterator first1 = begin();
- iterator last1 = end();
- iterator first2 = x.begin();
- iterator last2 = x.end();
- while (first1 != last1 && first2 != last2)
- if (comp(*first2, *first1)) {
- iterator next = first2;
- transfer(first1, first2, ++next);
- first2 = next;
- }
- else
- ++first1;
- if (first2 != last2) transfer(last1, first2, last2);
- }
- template <class T, class Alloc> template <class StrictWeakOrdering>
- void list<T, Alloc>::sort(StrictWeakOrdering comp) {
- if (node->next == node || link_type(node->next)->next == node) return;
- list<T, Alloc> carry;
- list<T, Alloc> counter[64];
- int fill = 0;
- while (!empty()) {
- carry.splice(carry.begin(), *this, begin());
- int i = 0;
- while(i < fill && !counter[i].empty()) {
- counter[i].merge(carry, comp);
- carry.swap(counter[i++]);
- }
- carry.swap(counter[i]);
- if (i == fill) ++fill;
- }
- for (int i = 1; i < fill; ++i) counter[i].merge(counter[i-1], comp);
- swap(counter[fill-1]);
- }
- #endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */
-
-
- #if defined(__sgi) && !defined(__GNUC__) && (_MIPS_SIM != _MIPS_SIM_ABI32)
- #pragma reset woff 1174
- #endif
-
-
- __STL_END_NAMESPACE
-
-
- #endif /* __SGI_STL_INTERNAL_LIST_H */
-
-
- // Local Variables:
- // mode:C++
- // End:
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