Ubuntu20.04编译安装Opencv4.5.5安装包报错：Could NOT find ZLIB (missing: ZLIB_LIBRARY ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIR)_could not find openjpeg (minimal suitable version:

刚装好的系统Ubuntu20.04上，想编译安装一下Opencv455，会出现很多的"Could NOT find"报错，有些是完全是可以忽略的，有些用户可能会根据自己的需要安装，我这里列一下自己想安装的一些包。

通用的解决办法

首先，你要如何找到那些你想安装的文件包呢？一般我们可以通过
apt-cache search libjpeg
或
apt search libjpeg
来查找含有libjpeg关键字的包，然后根据描述看是否是我们所需要的包，
查找完之后通过sudo apt install 这样的指令安装。注意安装完之后可能要重启terminal才会重读取相关路径参数。

如果你已经知道安装路径，但你的编译器程序老是找不到，那就试试在~/.bashrc中添加下面的语句导出路径，

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/zlib/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export C_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/local/zlib/include:$C_INCLUDE_PATH
export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/local/zlib/include:$CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH

找不到编译器： No CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER could be found

CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:113 (enable_language):
  No CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER could be found.

  Tell CMake where to find the compiler by setting either the environment
  variable "CXX" or the CMake cache entry CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER to the full path
  to the compiler, or to the compiler name if it is in the PATH.

CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:113 (enable_language):
  No CMAKE_C_COMPILER could be found.

  Tell CMake where to find the compiler by setting either the environment
  variable "CC" or the CMake cache entry CMAKE_C_COMPILER to the full path to
  the compiler, or to the compiler name if it is in the PATH.

解决办法，
sudo apt install g++

找不到依赖包：Could NOT find ZLIB等文件包

首先要说明，对于OpenCV而言，这些包的安装不是必须的，当Opencv在路径中找不到OpenJPEG文件包的时候，就会去下载这些第三方包重新编译，然后生成想要的静态或动态库。当然你也可以自己去下载源码后再编译安装。在能安装使用成功的情况下，我一般会选择直接安装。

Looking for ccache - not found
Cleaning INTERNAL cached variable: ZLIB_LIBRARY
Cleaning INTERNAL cached variable: ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIR
Could NOT find ZLIB (missing: ZLIB_LIBRARY ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIR) (Required is at least version "1.2.3")
Cleaning INTERNAL cached variable: JPEG_LIBRARY
Cleaning INTERNAL cached variable: JPEG_INCLUDE_DIR
Could NOT find JPEG (missing: JPEG_LIBRARY JPEG_INCLUDE_DIR) 
libjpeg-turbo: VERSION = 2.1.2, BUILD = opencv-4.5.5-libjpeg-turbo
Cleaning INTERNAL cached variable: TIFF_LIBRARY
Cleaning INTERNAL cached variable: TIFF_INCLUDE_DIR
Could NOT find TIFF (missing: TIFF_LIBRARY TIFF_INCLUDE_DIR) 
Cleaning INTERNAL cached variable: WEBP_LIBRARY
Cleaning INTERNAL cached variable: WEBP_INCLUDE_DIR
Could NOT find OpenJPEG (minimal suitable version: 2.0, recommended version >= 2.3.1). OpenJPEG will be built from sources
OpenJPEG: VERSION = 2.4.0, BUILD = opencv-4.5.5-openjp2-2.4.0
OpenJPEG libraries will be built from sources: libopenjp2 (version "2.4.0")
Cleaning INTERNAL cached variable: PNG_LIBRARY
Cleaning INTERNAL cached variable: PNG_INCLUDE_DIR
Could NOT find PNG (missing: PNG_LIBRARY PNG_PNG_INCLUDE_DIR) 
libva: missing va.h header (VA_INCLUDE_DIR)

这里面缺少好几个包：
zlib
libjpeg
libtiff
openJPEG

解决办法,
sudo apt install zlib1g-dev
sudo apt install libjpeg8-dev (会同时安装libjpeg-turbo8-dev)
sudo apt install libtiff5-dev (会同时安装libtiff-dev)

说明：我没有选择安装lilbopenjp (openJPEG)，因为我发现，安装这个包的时候，

sudo apt install libopenjp2-7-dev

会出现更多的报错，例如

The imported target "openjp2_static" references the file "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopenjp2.a" but this file does not exist.  Possible reasons include:
* The file was deleted, renamed, or moved to another location.
* An install or uninstall procedure did not complete successfully.
* The installation package was faulty and contained
   "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openjpeg-2.1/OpenJPEGTargets.cmake"
but not all the files it references.

The imported target "openjpip" references the file
   "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopenjpip.so.2.3.1"
but this file does not exist.  Possible reasons include:
* The file was deleted, renamed, or moved to another location.
* An install or uninstall procedure did not complete successfully.
* The installation package was faulty and contained
   "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openjpeg-2.1/OpenJPEGTargets.cmake"
but not all the files it references.

The imported target "openjpip_server" references the file
   "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopenjpip_server.a"
but this file does not exist.  Possible reasons include:
* The file was deleted, renamed, or moved to another location.
* An install or uninstall procedure did not complete successfully.
* The installation package was faulty and contained
   "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openjpeg-2.1/OpenJPEGTargets.cmake"
but not all the files it references.

The imported target "opj_decompress" references the file
   "/usr/bin/opj_decompress"
but this file does not exist.  Possible reasons include:
* The file was deleted, renamed, or moved to another location.
* An install or uninstall procedure did not complete successfully.
* The installation package was faulty and contained
   "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openjpeg-2.1/OpenJPEGTargets.cmake"
but not all the files it references.

The imported target "opj_compress" references the file
   "/usr/bin/opj_compress"
but this file does not exist.  Possible reasons include:
* The file was deleted, renamed, or moved to another location.
* An install or uninstall procedure did not complete successfully.
* The installation package was faulty and contained
   "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openjpeg-2.1/OpenJPEGTargets.cmake"
but not all the files it references.

The imported target "opj_dump" references the file
   "/usr/bin/opj_dump"
but this file does not exist.  Possible reasons include:
* The file was deleted, renamed, or moved to another location.
* An install or uninstall procedure did not complete successfully.
* The installation package was faulty and contained
   "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openjpeg-2.1/OpenJPEGTargets.cmake"
but not all the files it references.

The imported target "opj_jpip_addxml" references the file
   "/usr/bin/opj_jpip_addxml"
but this file does not exist.  Possible reasons include:
* The file was deleted, renamed, or moved to another location.
* An install or uninstall procedure did not complete successfully.
* The installation package was faulty and contained
   "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openjpeg-2.1/OpenJPEGTargets.cmake"
but not all the files it references.

The imported target "opj_server" references the file
   "/usr/bin/opj_server"
but this file does not exist.  Possible reasons include:
* The file was deleted, renamed, or moved to another location.
* An install or uninstall procedure did not complete successfully.
* The installation package was faulty and contained
   "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openjpeg-2.1/OpenJPEGTargets.cmake"
but not all the files it references.

The imported target "opj_dec_server" references the file
   "/usr/bin/opj_dec_server"
but this file does not exist.  Possible reasons include:
* The file was deleted, renamed, or moved to another location.
* An install or uninstall procedure did not complete successfully.
* The installation package was faulty and contained
   "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openjpeg-2.1/OpenJPEGTargets.cmake"
but not all the files it references.

The imported target "opj_jpip_transcode" references the file
   "/usr/bin/opj_jpip_transcode"
but this file does not exist.  Possible reasons include:
* The file was deleted, renamed, or moved to another location.
* An install or uninstall procedure did not complete successfully.
* The installation package was faulty and contained
   "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openjpeg-2.1/OpenJPEGTargets.cmake"
but not all the files it references.

The imported target "opj_jpip_test" references the file
   "/usr/bin/opj_jpip_test"
but this file does not exist.  Possible reasons include:
* The file was deleted, renamed, or moved to another location.
* An install or uninstall procedure did not complete successfully.
* The installation package was faulty and contained
   "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/openjpeg-2.1/OpenJPEGTargets.cmake"
but not all the files it references.
 

最主要的，我不知道去哪里找这个包：libopenjp2.a。所以我重新configure了一下opencv，

Could NOT find OpenJPEG (minimal suitable version: 2.0, recommended version >= 2.3.1). OpenJPEG will be built from sources

OpenJPEG: VERSION = 2.4.0, BUILD = opencv-4.5.5-openjp2-2.4.0

OpenJPEG libraries will be built from sources: libopenjp2 (version "2.4.0")

这样，当Opencv在路径中找不到OpenJPEG文件包的时候，就会去下载这些第三方包重新编译。

本文结束